السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب اللعان
Book of Lian
باب: الولد للفراش بالوطء بملك اليمين، والنكاح
The child belongs to the bed through intercourse by ownership of the right hand and by marriage
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، نا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ نا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، نا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ، وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The child belongs to the bed, and for the fornicator there is the stone."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فُورَكٍ أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، نا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، نا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، نا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ، وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ آدَمَ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: "The child belongs to the owner of the bed, and for the fornicator there is the stone."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ عَبْدَ بْنَ زَمْعَةَ، وَسَعْدًا، اخْتَصَمَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ابْنِ أَمَةِ زَمْعَةَ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَوْصَانِي أَخِي إِذَا قَدِمْتُ مَكَّةَ أَنْظُرُ إِلَى ابْنِ أَمَةِ زَمْعَةَ فَأَقْبِضُهُ فَإِنَّهُ ابْنِي، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ أَخِي وَابْنُ أَمَةِ أَبِي وُلِدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِ أَبِي فَرَأَى شَبَهًا بَيِّنًا بِعُتْبَةَ فَقَالَ: " هُوَ لَكَ يَا عَبْدُ بْنَ زَمْعَةَ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ وَاحْتَجِبِي مِنْهُ يَا سَوْدَةُ " ⦗٦٧٧⦘ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ، مِنْ حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ.
Urwah narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Abd bin Zam'ah and Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with them both) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with a dispute concerning the son of Zam'ah's slave woman. Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! My brother instructed me that when I came to Makkah I should look for the son of Zam'ah's slave woman and take him into my custody, for he is my son." Abd bin Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "He is my brother, the son of my father's slave woman; he was born on my father's bed." He (peace and blessings be upon him) saw a clear resemblance to Utbah, yet he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abd bin Zam'ah! He is your brother. The child belongs to the owner of the bed. And O Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her), veil yourself from him."
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، نا الْأَسْفَاطِيُّ، نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ، نا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: كَانَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ عَهِدَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ سَعْدٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ وَلِيدَةِ زَمْعَةَ مِنِّي فَاقْبِضْهُ إِلَيْكَ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ عَامُ الْفَتْحِ أَخَذَهُ سَعْدٌ فَقَالَ: ابْنُ أَخِي قَدْ كَانَ عَهِدَ إِلِيَّ فِيهِ فَقَامَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ فَقَالَ: أَخِي وُلِدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِ أَبِي فَتَسَاوَقَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: سَعْدٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أَخِي كَانَ عَهِدَ إِلِيَّ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ: أَخِي وَابْنُ وَلِيدَةِ أَبِي، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " هُوَ لَكَ يَا عَبْدُ بْنَ زَمْعَةَ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ، وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ "، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِسَوْدَةَ بِنْتِ زَمْعَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: " احْتَجِبِي مِنْهُ " لَمَّا رَأَى مِنْ شَبَهِهِ بِعُتْبَةَ فَمَا رَآهَا حَتَّى لَقِيَتِ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيِّ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ.
Urwah narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Utbah bin Abi Waqqas had taken a pledge from his brother Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him): The son of Zam'ah's slave woman is from me, so take him to yourself. In the year of the Conquest of Makkah, Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) took hold of him and said: He is my brother's son; he took a pledge from me concerning him. Abd bin Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: He is my brother; he was born on my father's bed. The two of them came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with their dispute. Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! My brother took a pledge from me concerning him. Abd bin Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: He is my brother and the son of my father's slave woman. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abd bin Zam'ah! He is your brother." He also said: "The child belongs to the owner of the bed, and for the fornicator there is the stone." Then he said to Sayyidah Sawdah bint Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with her): "Veil yourself from him," because of his resemblance to Utbah; and he never saw Sayyidah Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her) until she passed away.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ، نا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، نا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، وَعُقَيْلُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " أَنَّهُ لَمَّا وُلِدَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ ابْنُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ مَارِيَةَ جَارِيَتِهِ كَادَ يَقَعُ فِي نَفْسِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ " وَفِي هَذَا إِنْ ثَبَتَ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى ثُبُوتِ النَّسَبِ لِفِرَاشِ الْأَمَةِ.
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said that when Ibrahim, the son of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), was born from his slave woman Mariyah (may Allah be pleased with her), a doubt about him passed through his heart, until Jibril (peace be upon him) came and said: 'As-salamu alayka ya Aba Ibrahim' (Peace be upon you, O father of Ibrahim).
If this is established, it contains evidence that lineage is established through the bed of a slave woman.
If this is established, it contains evidence that lineage is established through the bed of a slave woman.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي، نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنا مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَطُوفُونَ وَلَائِدَهُمْ ثُمَّ يَعْزِلُونَهُنَّ، لَا تَأْتِينِي وَلِيدَةٌ يَعْتَرِفُ سَيِّدُهَا أَنْ قَدْ أَلَمَّ بِهَا إِلَّا أَلْحَقْتُ بِهِ وَلَدَهَا وَاعْزِلُوا بَعْدُ أَوِ اتْرُكُوا " قَالَ: وَأنا مَالِكٌ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي إِرْسَالِ الْوَلَائِدِ يُوطَيْنَ بِمِثْلِ مَعْنَى حَدِيثِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ سَالِمٍ.
Salim bin Abdullah narrates from his father that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: What is the matter with men who have intercourse with their slave women and then practise withdrawal ('azl)? Any slave woman who comes (to me) whose master acknowledges having had intercourse with her, I will attach the child to him. After this, practise withdrawal or leave it.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْمِهْرَجَانِيُّ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُزَكِّي، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، نا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، نا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَطَئُونَ وَلَائِدَهُمْ ثُمَّ يَدَعُونَهُنَّ يَخْرُجْنَ، لَا تَأْتِينِي وَلِيدَةٌ يَعْتَرِفُ سَيِّدُهَا أَنْ قَدْ أَلَمَّ بِهَا إِلَّا أَلْحَقْتُ بِهِ وَلَدَهَا فَأَرْسِلُوهُنَّ بَعْدُ أَوْ أَمْسِكُوهُنَّ ".
Safiyyah bint Abi Ubayd (may Allah have mercy on her) said that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: What is the matter with men who have relations with their slave women and then leave them to go out? Then a slave woman comes to me whose master acknowledges having had relations with her; I will attach the child to him. So after this, either let your slave women go out or keep them back.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أَنَا الرَّبِيعُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلشَّافِعِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: فَهَلْ خَالَفَكَ فِي هَذَا غَيْرُنَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ بَعْضُ الْمَشْرِقِيِّينَ، قُلْتُ: فَمَا كَانَتْ حُجَّتُهُمْ؟ قَالَ: كَانَتْ حُجَّتُهُمْ أَنْ قَالُوا: انْتَفَى عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ وَلَدِ جَارِيَةٍ لَهُ، وَانْتَفَى زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ وَلَدِ جَارِيَةٍ لَهُ، وَانْتَفَى ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا مِنْ وَلَدِ جَارِيَةٍ قُلْتُ: فَمَا كَانَتْ حُجَّتُكَ عَلَيْهِمْ؟ يَعْنِي: جَوَابُكَ قَالَ: أَمَّا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَرُوِيَ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ أَنْكَرَ حَمْلَ جَارِيَةٍ لَهُ أَقَرَّتْ بِالْمَكْرُوهِ، وَأَمَّا زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فَإِنَّهُمَا أَنْكَرَا إِنْ كَانَا فِعْلًا وَلَدَ جَارِيَتَيْنِ عُرْفًا أَنْ لَيْسَ مِنْهُمَا فَحَلَالٌ لَهُمَا وَكَذَلِكَ لِزَوْجِ الْحُرَّةِ إِذَا عَلِمَ أَنَّهَا حَبِلَتْ مِنَ الزِّنَا أَنْ يَدْفَعَ وَلَدَهَا وَلَا يَلْحَقْ بِنَسَبِهِ مَنْ لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَتَكَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِمَا يَطُولُ ذِكْرُهُ هَاهُنَا.
Al-Rabi' said: I said to Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him): Does anyone other than us disagree with you on this issue? He said: Yes, some of the people of the East. I asked: What was their argument? He said: Their argument was that they said: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) disowned the child of a slave woman of his, Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) disowned the child of a slave woman of his, and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) disowned the child of a slave woman. I said: What was your argument against them, that is, your reply? He said: As for Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), it is narrated from him that he denied the pregnancy of a slave woman of his who had confessed to an abhorrent act (fornication). As for Zayd bin Thabit and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), if they did so, they denied the children of two slave women whom they knew were not from them, and that is lawful for them. Likewise, the husband of a free woman, when he knows that she conceived from fornication, may repel her child and not attach to his lineage one who is not from him, as a matter between him and Allah, the Mighty and Majestic. And he discussed it at a length too long to mention here.
