السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الظهار
Book of Zihar
باب: لا ظهار قبل نكاح
There is no zihar before marriage
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ أنا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خُمَيْرَوَيْهِ نا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، نا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَجْلَانَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: " لَيْسَ الظِّهَارُ وَالطَّلَاقُ قَبْلَ الْمِلْكِ بِشَيْءٍ " وَرَوَيْنَا فِي كِتَابِ الطَّلَاقِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ: " لَا طَلَاقَ قَبْلَ نِكَاحٍ " وَالظِّهَارُ فِي مَعْنَاهُ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خِلَافُ ذَلِكَ بِإِسْنَادٍ مُرْسَلٍ.
Ikrimah narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that zihar and divorce do not occur before marriage.
(b) In the Book of Divorce it is narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both): "There is no divorce before marriage, and zihar has the same meaning."
The opposite of this has been narrated from Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) with a mursal chain.
(b) In the Book of Divorce it is narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both): "There is no divorce before marriage, and zihar has the same meaning."
The opposite of this has been narrated from Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) with a mursal chain.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْمِهْرَجَانِيُّ، نا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُزَكِّي، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْبُوشَنْجِيُّ، نا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، نا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ الزُّرَقِيِّ، أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ الْقَاسِمَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَةً إِنْ هُوَ تَزَوَّجَهَا قَالَ: فَقَالَ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ: إِنَّ رَجُلًا جَعَلَ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَةً كَظَهْرِ أُمِّهِ إِنْ هُوَ تَزَوَّجَهَا فَأَمَرَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا وَلَا يَقْرَبُهَا حَتَّى يُكَفِّرَ كَفَّارَةَ الْمُتَظَاهِرِ " هَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ، الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ.
Al-Qasim bin Muhammad (may Allah have mercy on him) said that a man declared a woman to be like his mother if he married her; Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said that he should marry that woman but not go near her before paying the expiation for zihar.
This is munqati' (broken); al-Qasim bin Muhammad did not meet Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him).
This is munqati' (broken); al-Qasim bin Muhammad did not meet Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him).
