السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الخلع والطلاق
Book of Khul and Divorce
باب: الاستثناء في الطلاق، والعتق، والنذور كهو في الأيمان لا يخالفها
Making an exception in divorce, freeing slaves and vows is like it is in oaths and does not differ from them
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْعَلَوِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أنا أَبُو حَامِدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْحَافِظُ نا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْفَرَّاءُ، وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، وَقَطَنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالُوا: أنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ، وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، وَسُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِذَا حَلَفَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَقَدِ اسْتَثْنَى ".
Nafi' narrates from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When a man swears an oath and says 'In sha' Allah' (If Allah wills), then he has made an exception."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، نا بِشْرُ بْنُ مُوسَى، نا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا، نا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ، إِنْ شَاءَ فَعَلَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ " وَرُوِيَ فِيهِ حَدِيثٌ ضَعِيفٌ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مَرْفُوعًا.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever swears an oath and says 'In sha' Allah', he has the choice: if he wishes he may do it, or not do it."
A weak hadith has been narrated on this from Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) as marfu' (attributed to the Prophet).
A weak hadith has been narrated on this from Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) as marfu' (attributed to the Prophet).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ، أنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ، أنا أَبُو يَعْلَى، نا دَاوُدُ بْنُ رُشَيْدٍ، قَالَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ وَنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ نا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ: نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " يَا مُعَاذُ مَا خَلَقَ اللهُ شَيْئًا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ أَبْغَضَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الطَّلَاقِ، وَمَا خَلَقَ اللهُ شَيْئًا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الْعَتَاقِ، فَإِذَا قَالَ الرَّجُلُ لِمَمْلُوكِهِ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ وَلَا اسْتِثْنَاءَ لَهُ، وَإِذَا قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَلَهُ الِاسْتِثْنَاءُ وَلَا طَلَاقَ عَلَيْهِ ".
Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "O Mu'adh! Of all that Allah Almighty has created on the face of the earth, the most hateful thing to Allah is divorce, and of all that Allah has created on the face of the earth, the most beloved thing to Allah Almighty is freeing (slaves). When a man says to his slave: 'You are free, In sha' Allah (if Allah wills)', he becomes free, and the exception is of no benefit; and when a man says to his wife: 'Anti taliq in sha' Allah' (You are divorced if Allah wills), the divorce does not take effect because of the exception being present."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ، أنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ، نا أَبُو خَوْلَةَ مَيْمُونُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُصَفَّى، نا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ اللَّخْمِيِّ، نا مَكْحُولٌ، عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ: أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ قَالَ: " لَهُ اسْتِثْنَاؤُهُ " قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَإِنْ قَالَ لِغُلَامِهِ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ؟ فَقَالَ: " يَعْتِقُ لِأَنَّ اللهَ يَشَاءُ الْعِتْقَ وَلَا يَشَاءُ الطَّلَاقَ ".
Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about a man who says to his wife: 'Anti taliq in sha' Allah' (You are divorced if Allah wills). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "His exception stands." The narrator says: That man asked: If someone says to his slave: 'Anta hurr in sha' Allah' (You are free if Allah wills)? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He becomes free, because Allah likes freeing (slaves), while He does not will divorce."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الدُّولَابِيُّ نا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، نا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ النَّخَعِيِّ، فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ. قَالَ حُمَيْدٌ: قَالَ لِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ: وَأِيُّ حَدِيثٍ لَوْ كَانَ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ اللَّخْمِيُّ مَعْرُوفًا؟ قُلْتُ: هُوَ جَدُّ أَبِي، قَالَ يَزِيدُ: سَرَرْتَنِي الْآنَ، صَارَ حَدِيثًا، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: لَيْسَ فِيهِ كَبِيرُ سُرُورٍ فَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ رَبِيعِ بْنِ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْكُوفِيُّ الْخَزَّازُ ضَعِيفٌ جِدًّا، نَسَبَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ وَغَيْرُهُ إِلَى الْكَذِبِ، وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ مَجْهُولٌ، وَمَكْحُولٌ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ مُنْقَطِعٌ، وَقَدْ قِيلَ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ يَخَامِرَ عَنْ مُعَاذٍ وَلَيْسَ بِمَحْفُوظٍ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي مُقَابَلَتِهِ حَدِيثٌ ضَعِيفٌ لَا يَجُوزُ الِاحْتِجَاجُ بِمِثْلِهِ.
(Through another chain) from Humayd bin Malik al-Nakha'i, he mentioned something similar to the hadith of Isma'il. Humayd said: Yazid bin Harun said to me: What a hadith it would be if Humayd bin Malik al-Lakhmi were known! I said: He is my father's grandfather. Yazid said: Now you have pleased me; it has become a hadith.
Al-Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: There is not much cause for pleasure in it, for Humayd bin Rabi' bin Humayd bin Malik al-Kufi al-Khazzaz is very weak; Yahya bin Ma'in and others attributed lying to him. Humayd bin Malik is majhul (unknown), and (the narration of) Makhul from Mu'adh bin Jabal is munqati' (broken). It has also been said: from Humayd, from Makhul, from Khalid bin Ma'dan, from Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him); and it has been said: from him, from Makhul, from Malik bin Yukhamir, from Mu'adh; and that is not mahfuz (preserved). And Allah knows best. And in opposition to it a weak hadith has been narrated, the like of which may not be used as evidence.
Al-Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: There is not much cause for pleasure in it, for Humayd bin Rabi' bin Humayd bin Malik al-Kufi al-Khazzaz is very weak; Yahya bin Ma'in and others attributed lying to him. Humayd bin Malik is majhul (unknown), and (the narration of) Makhul from Mu'adh bin Jabal is munqati' (broken). It has also been said: from Humayd, from Makhul, from Khalid bin Ma'dan, from Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him); and it has been said: from him, from Makhul, from Malik bin Yukhamir, from Mu'adh; and that is not mahfuz (preserved). And Allah knows best. And in opposition to it a weak hadith has been narrated, the like of which may not be used as evidence.
أَخْبَرَنَاه أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ، أنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ، نا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْغَافِقِيُّ، نا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَعْبَدِ بْنِ نُوحٍ، نا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَعْبَدِ بْنِ شَدَّادٍ الْكَعْبِيُّ، نا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ أَبِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رَوَّادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " مَنْ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ أَوْ غُلَامِهِ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ أَوْ عَلَيْهِ الْمَشْيُ إِلَى بَيْتِ اللهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ " قَالَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ: وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ مُنْكَرٌ لَيْسَ يَرْوِيهِ إِلَّا إِسْحَاقُ الْكَعْبِيُّ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الْجَارُودِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ بَهْزِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مَرْفُوعًا فِي الطَّلَاقِ وَحْدَهُ وَهُوَ أَيْضًا ضَعِيفٌ وَفِي حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كِفَايَةٌ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ.
Ata' narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever says to his wife: 'You are divorced, In sha' Allah (if Allah wills)', or says to his slave: 'You are free, In sha' Allah (if Allah wills)', or (says) that he will walk to the House of Allah, In sha' Allah (if Allah wills), then nothing is binding upon him."
Abu Ahmad (Ibn Adi) said: This hadith, with its chain, is munkar (denounced); no one narrates it except Ishaq al-Ka'bi. Al-Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: It has also been narrated from al-Jarud bin Yazid, from Bahz bin Hakim, from his father, from his grandfather, as marfu' (attributed to the Prophet), concerning divorce alone, and it too is da'if (weak). The hadith of Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) suffices, and success is from Allah.
Abu Ahmad (Ibn Adi) said: This hadith, with its chain, is munkar (denounced); no one narrates it except Ishaq al-Ka'bi. Al-Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: It has also been narrated from al-Jarud bin Yazid, from Bahz bin Hakim, from his father, from his grandfather, as marfu' (attributed to the Prophet), concerning divorce alone, and it too is da'if (weak). The hadith of Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) suffices, and success is from Allah.
