السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
باب: من زعم أن زوج بريرة كان حرا يوم أعتقت
One who claimed that the husband of Barirah was free on the day she was freed
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أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، ثنا الْفِرْيَابِيُّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا " أَنَّ زَوْجَ بَرِيرَةَ كَانَ حُرًّا وَأَنَّهَا خُيِّرَتْ حِينَ أُعْتِقَتْ فَقَالَتْ: مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَكُونَ مَعَهُ وَلِي كَذَا وَكَذَا "، هَكَذَا أَدْرَجَهُ الثَّوْرِيُّ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا، وَقَوْلُهُ كَانَ زَوْجُهَا حُرًّا مِنْ قَوْلِ الْأَسْوَدِ لَا مِنْ قَوْلِ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا بِدَلِيلِ مَا.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said that Barirah's husband was free, and when Barirah was freed she was given the choice. She said: I do not like to stay with him, even if I were to have such and such.
Al-Thawri inserted it like this into the hadith from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her); the statement "her husband was free" is the words of al-Aswad, not the words of Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), as the following shows.
Al-Thawri inserted it like this into the hadith from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her); the statement "her husband was free" is the words of al-Aswad, not the words of Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), as the following shows.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْحَافِظُ إِمْلَاءً، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، ثنا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْحَجَبِيُّ قَالَا: أنبأ أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا اشْتَرَتْ بَرِيرَةَ وَاشْتَرَطَ أَهْلُهَا وَلَاءَهَا، فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُ بَرِيرَةَ لِأُعْتِقَهَا وَإِنَّ أَهْلَهَا يَشْتَرِطُونَ وَلَاءَهَا، ⦗٣٦٤⦘ فَقَالَ: " أَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ أَوْ لِمَنْ أَعْطَى الثَّمَنَ " قَالَ: فَاشْتَرَتْهَا فَأَعْتَقَتْهَا قَالَ: وَخُيِّرَتْ فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا، فَقَالَتْ: لَوْ أُعْطِيتُ كَذَا وَكَذَا مَا كُنْتُ مَعَهُ. قَالَ الْأَسْوَدُ: وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا حُرًّا..
Al-Aswad narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) bought Barirah, and her family stipulated the wala' for themselves. Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): I want to buy Barirah and set her free, and her owners are stipulating the wala'. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Set her free, for the wala' belongs to the one who sets free, or to the one who pays the price." He said: Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) bought her and set her free. The narrator said: Barirah was given the choice, and she chose herself (separation). Barirah said: Even if I were given such and such, I would still not stay with him. Al-Aswad said: Her husband was free.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ النِّيلِيُّ إِمْلَاءً مِنْ كِتَابِهِ، ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ، وَفِي آخِرِهِ: وَقَالَ الْأَسْوَدُ: " وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا حُرًّا "، رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ هَكَذَا. ثُمَّ قَالَ: قَوْلُ الْأَسْوَدِ مُنْقَطِعٌ، وَقَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَأَيْتُهُ عَبْدًا أَصَحُّ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَقَدْ تَابَعَ جَرِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ إِسْحَاقَ الْحَنْظَلِيِّ عَنْهُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ أَبَا عَوَانَةَ عَلَى فَصْلِ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ وَتَمْيِيزِهَا عَنْهُ..
(Abu Awanah) narrated it similarly, and at its end: Al-Aswad said: "Her husband was free."
Al-Bukhari said: The statement of al-Aswad is munqati' (disconnected), whereas the statement of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), "I saw him as a slave," is more sahih (authentic).
The Shaykh said: Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid, in the narration of Ishaq al-Hanzali from him, from Mansur, followed Abu Awanah in separating this phrase from the hadith and distinguishing it from it.
Al-Bukhari said: The statement of al-Aswad is munqati' (disconnected), whereas the statement of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), "I saw him as a slave," is more sahih (authentic).
The Shaykh said: Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid, in the narration of Ishaq al-Hanzali from him, from Mansur, followed Abu Awanah in separating this phrase from the hadith and distinguishing it from it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو أَحْمَدَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ شَادِلِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، أنبأ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ، أنبأ جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ بَرِيرَةَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. قَالَ فِيهِ: وَخَيَّرَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا، فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا، قَالَ الْأَسْوَدُ: " وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا حُرًّا ".
Al-Aswad narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she intended to buy Sayyidah Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her). He narrated the hadith, and in it is: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave her the choice, and she chose herself (separation). Al-Aswad said: Her husband was free.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ فُورَكٍ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ بَرِيرَةَ لِلْعِتْقِ فَأَرَادَ مَوَالِيهَا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطُوا وَلَاءَهَا، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِنَبِيِّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: " اشْتَرِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ، وَخَيَّرَهَا مِنْ زَوْجِهَا "، فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا، وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا حُرًّا، وَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلَحْمٍ، فَقِيلَ: هَذَا مِمَّا تُصُدِّقَ بِهِ عَلَى بَرِيرَةَ، قَالَ: " هُوَ لَهَا صَدَقَةٌ وَلَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ "، هَكَذَا أَدْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ وَبَعْضُ الرُّوَاةِ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ، وَقَدْ جَعَلَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ قَوْلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَبَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ قَوْلِ الْحَكَمِ.
Al-Aswad narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she intended to buy Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) and set her free, but her owners stipulated the wala' for themselves. Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Buy her and set her free; the wala' belongs to the one who sets free." And he gave her the choice regarding her husband, and her husband was free. Meat was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and it was said: This was given in charity to Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "For her it is charity, and for us it is a gift."
Abu Dawud al-Tayalisi and some of the narrators from Shu'bah inserted it like this into the hadith; some of them made it the words of Ibrahim, and some the words of al-Hakam.
Abu Dawud al-Tayalisi and some of the narrators from Shu'bah inserted it like this into the hadith; some of them made it the words of Ibrahim, and some the words of al-Hakam.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا آدَمُ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، ثنا الْحَكَمُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ بَرِيرَةَ لِلْعِتْقِ، وَأَرَادَ مَوَالِيهَا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطُوا وَلَاءَهَا فَذَكَرَتْ ⦗٣٦٥⦘ عَائِشَةُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " اشْتَرِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ "، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: وَأُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلَحْمٍ فَقُلْتُ: هَذَا مِمَّا تُصُدِّقَ بِهِ عَلَى بَرِيرَةَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " هُوَ لَهَا صَدَقَةٌ وَلَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ "، قَالَ الْحَكَمُ: قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ: وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا حُرًّا فَخُيِّرَتْ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا، رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ آدَمَ دُونَ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ، وَرَوَاهُ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ وَفِي آخِرِهِ قَالَ الْحَكَمُ: وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا حُرًّا، قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: وَقَوْلُ الْحَكَمِ مُرْسَلٌ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا: رَأَيْتُهُ عَبْدًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَمُجَاهِدٍ، وَعَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ كُلُّهُمْ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: أَنَّ زَوْجَ بَرِيرَةَ كَانَ عَبْدًا ".
Aswad narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she intended to buy Barirah in order to free her, and her owners wanted to stipulate her wala' (the right of inheritance through clientship) for themselves. Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Buy her; the wala' belongs only to the one who frees." Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: Meat was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). She said: I said: "This was given in charity to Barirah." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is charity for her and a gift for us." Ibrahim said: Her husband was free, so Barirah was given the choice regarding her husband.
Al-Hakam said: Barirah's husband was free. (It is mursal.)
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I saw him as a slave.
The Shaykh said: Al-Qasim bin Muhammad, Urwah bin al-Zubayr, Mujahid and Amrah bint Abd al-Rahman all narrate from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Barirah's husband was a slave.
Al-Hakam said: Barirah's husband was free. (It is mursal.)
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I saw him as a slave.
The Shaykh said: Al-Qasim bin Muhammad, Urwah bin al-Zubayr, Mujahid and Amrah bint Abd al-Rahman all narrate from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Barirah's husband was a slave.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مُوسَى الْمُقْرِئَ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، يَقُولُ: خَالَفَ الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ النَّاسَ فِي زَوْجِ بَرِيرَةَ، فَقَالَ " إِنَّهُ حُرٌّ "، وَقَالَ النَّاسُ: " إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَبْدًا ".
Ibrahim bin Abi Talib said: Al-Aswad bin Yazid differed from the people concerning the husband of Sayyidah Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her); he says that he was free, while the people say that he was a slave.
(b) Al-Aswad narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her): one of the two says that when Sayyidah Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) was freed, he was a slave at that time, and the other said that he was a slave of the family of Abu Ahmad.
(b) Al-Aswad narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her): one of the two says that when Sayyidah Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) was freed, he was a slave at that time, and the other said that he was a slave of the family of Abu Ahmad.
أَخْبَرَنَا بِالْأَوَّلِ أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عِمْرَانَ بْنُ هَانِئٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ مُجَاهِدٍ، ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ، وَأَخْبَرَنَا بِالثَّانِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ مُجَاهِدٍ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ صَاحِبُ أَبِي صَخْرَةَ، وَغَيْرُهُمَا قَالُوا: ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الْمُخَرِّمِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّازِيُّ فَذَكَرَاهُ وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ هَذَيْنِ الْوَجْهَيْنِ، فَرِوَايَةُ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ، وَالْأَعْمَشِ بِخِلَافِ ذَلِكَ، وَالِاعْتِمَادُ عَلَى مَا سَبَقَ ذِكْرُهُ، وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ.
Both of these versions were narrated through Abu Ja'far al-Razi. Neither of these two routes amounts to anything, for the narration of the main body of narrators from al-Thawri and al-A'mash contradicts it, and the reliance is upon what was mentioned earlier. And success is granted by Allah.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الطَّرَائِفِيُّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمَدِينِيِّ، يَقُولُ لَنَا: أَيُّهُمَا تَرَوْنَ أَثْبَتُ عُرْوَةُ، أَوْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ؟، ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: أَهْلُ الْحِجَازِ أَثْبَتُ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: يُرِيدُ عَلِيٌّ رِوَايَةَ عُرْوَةَ وَأَمْثَالِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ أَصَحُّ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ، وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ، وَاللهُ سُبْحَانَهُ أَعْلَمُ بِالصَّوَابِ.
Ali bin al-Madini (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Which of the two do you consider athbat (more reliable) in narrating from al-Aswad, Urwah or Ibrahim?" Then Ali bin al-Madini (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The people of Hijaz are athbat (more reliable)." The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Ali means that the narration of Urwah and those like him from the people of Hijaz is more authentic than the narration of the people of Kufah.
