السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
باب: الابن يزوجها إذا كان عصبة لها بغير البنوة
The son may marry her off if he is her agnatic relative by a link other than sonship
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَحْبُوبِيُّ، بِمَرْوَ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنبأ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ حَيَّانَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو يَعْلَى الْمَوْصِلِيُّ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ السَّامِيُّ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ الْبُنَانِيِّ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ، فَلْيَقُلْ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ، اللهُمَّ عِنْدَكَ أَحْتَسِبُ مُصِيبَتِي، فَأْجُرْنِي فِيهَا وَأَبْدِلْنِي بِهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا "، فَلَمَّا مَاتَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ قُلْتُهَا، فَجَعَلْتُ كُلَّمَا طَلَبْتُ أَبْدَلَنِي بِهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا قُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي، وَمَنْ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ؟ ثُمَّ قُلْتُهَا، فَلَمَّا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا بَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَخْطُبُهَا عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَتْ لِابْنِهَا: يَا عُمَرُ قُمْ، فَزَوِّجْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَزَوَّجَهُ " لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ، وَلَيْسَ فِي رِوَايَةِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ ذِكْرُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَلَا ذِكْرُ الْعِدَّةِ، وَلَكِنْ قَالَ: قَالَتْ: فَخَطَبَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِي شَاهِدٌ قَالَ: إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ شَاهِدٌ، وَلَا غَائِبٌ إِلَّا سَيَرْضَى بِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا عُمَرُ قُمْ فَزَوِّجْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَعُمَرُ بْنُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ كَانَ عَصَبَةً لَهَا، وَذَاكَ لِأَنَّ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ هِيَ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ مَخْزُومٍ، وَعُمَرُ هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَسَدِ بْنِ هِلَالِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ مَخْزُومٍ.
The son of Umar bin Abi Salamah narrates from his father (Umar bin Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him)), and he from Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever is struck by a calamity should say 'Inna lillahi wa inna ilayhi raji'un' (We belong to Allah and to Him we return), and (should say): 'Allahumma 'indaka ahtasibu musibati, fa'jurni fiha, wa abdilni biha khayran minha' (O Allah, with You I seek the reward for my calamity, so reward me in it and give me in exchange something better than it)." (Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) says:) When Abu Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) died, I began saying these words. But whenever I came to mentioning the better replacement, I would think to myself: Who could be better than Abu Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him)? Then I kept saying these words. When her waiting period was completed, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) with a proposal of marriage. Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) said to her son: O Umar, stand up and marry the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (to me). So he married him (to her).
(b) This is the hadith of Abu Abdullah (may Allah have mercy on him); in al-Isbahani's narration there is no mention of Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) or of the waiting period, but it contains: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) proposed marriage to me. I said: None of my guardians is present. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is none of them, present or absent, who will not be pleased with it." I said: O Umar, stand up and marry the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (to me).
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Umar bin Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) was also her agnatic relative ('asabah), because Umm Salamah's (may Allah be pleased with her) lineage is: Hind bint Abi Umayyah bin al-Mughirah bin Abdullah bin Umar bin Makhzum; and Umar is the son of Abu Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him), and Abu Salamah's (may Allah be pleased with him) name was Abdullah bin Abd al-Asad bin Hilal bin Abdullah bin Umar bin Makhzum.
(b) This is the hadith of Abu Abdullah (may Allah have mercy on him); in al-Isbahani's narration there is no mention of Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) or of the waiting period, but it contains: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) proposed marriage to me. I said: None of my guardians is present. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is none of them, present or absent, who will not be pleased with it." I said: O Umar, stand up and marry the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (to me).
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Umar bin Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) was also her agnatic relative ('asabah), because Umm Salamah's (may Allah be pleased with her) lineage is: Hind bint Abi Umayyah bin al-Mughirah bin Abdullah bin Umar bin Makhzum; and Umar is the son of Abu Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him), and Abu Salamah's (may Allah be pleased with him) name was Abdullah bin Abd al-Asad bin Hilal bin Abdullah bin Umar bin Makhzum.
أَخْبَرَنَا بِذَلِكَ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنِي جَدِّي، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، فَذَكَرَهُ وَسَمِعْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الْأَرْدَسْتَانِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا نَصْرٍ الْكَلَابَاذِيَّ الْحَافِظَ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ، يَقُولُ: " عُمَرُ بْنُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ تُوُفِّيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ وَمَاتَ فِي خِلَافَةِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ ".
Hafiz Abu Nasr al-Kalabadhi (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Sayyiduna Umar bin Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) was nine years old when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, and Umar bin Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) died during the caliphate of Abd al-Malik bin Marwan.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّزَّازُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْخَلِيلِ، ثنا الْوَاقِدِيُّ، ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَطَبَ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ: " مُرِي ابْنَكِ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَكِ، أَوْ قَالَ: زَوَّجَهَا ابْنُهَا وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ صَغِيرٌ لَمْ يَبْلُغْ "، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَكَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بَابِ النِّكَاحِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لِغَيْرِهِ.
Salamah bin Abdullah bin Salamah bin Abi Salamah narrates from his father, and he from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) proposed marriage to Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tell your son to marry you (to me)," or he said: "Her son married her (to him)," and he had not yet even reached puberty.
The Shaykh said: In matters of marriage, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had (privileges) that no one else had.
The Shaykh said: In matters of marriage, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had (privileges) that no one else had.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَمْشَاذٍ الْعَدْلُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَحَجَّاجُ بْنُ مِنْهَالٍ قَالَا: ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، " أَنَّ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ خَطَبَ أُمَّ سُلَيْمٍ، فَقَالَتْ: يَا أَبَا طَلْحَةَ أَلَسْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ إِلَهَكَ الَّذِي تَعْبُدُ خَشَبَةٌ تَنْبُتُ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ نَجَرَهَا حَبَشِيُّ بَنِي فُلَانٍ؟ إِنْ أَنْتَ أَسْلَمْتَ لَمْ أُرِدْ مِنْكَ مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ غَيْرَهُ قَالَ: حَتَّى أَنْظُرَ فِي أَمْرِي قَالَ: فَذَهَبَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ، فَقَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، قَالَتْ: يَا أَنَسُ زَوِّجْ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ "، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَأَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ ابْنُهَا وَعَصَبَتُهَا فَإِنَّهُ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ ضَمْضَمِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَرَامٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَدِيِّ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ، وَأُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ هِيَ ابْنَةُ مِلْحَانَ بْنِ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، وَاللهُ تَعَالَى أَعْلَمُ.
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that Sayyiduna Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) proposed marriage to Sayyidah Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her). Sayyidah Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "O Abu Talhah! Do you not know that the one you worship is made of wood that grows from the earth, and an Abyssinian of Banu so-and-so carved it? If you accept Islam, I will not ask you for any dowry (mahr) other than that." Sayyiduna Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: (Wait) until I think over my affair. The narrator said: Sayyiduna Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) went away, then came again and said: 'Ashhadu an la ilaha illallahu wa anna Muhammadan rasulullah' (I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah). Sayyidah Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "O Anas! Marry (me to) Abu Talhah."
The Shaykh said: Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) is the son of Sayyidah Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) and also her agnatic relative ('asabah), because he is Anas bin Malik bin al-Nadr bin Damdam bin Zayd bin Haram of Banu Adi bin al-Najjar; and Sayyidah Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) is the daughter of Milhan bin Khalid bin Yazid.
The Shaykh said: Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) is the son of Sayyidah Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) and also her agnatic relative ('asabah), because he is Anas bin Malik bin al-Nadr bin Damdam bin Zayd bin Haram of Banu Adi bin al-Najjar; and Sayyidah Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) is the daughter of Milhan bin Khalid bin Yazid.
