السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
جماع أبواب اجتماع الولاة، وأولاهم، وتفرقهم، وتزويج المغلوبين على عقولهم والصبيان وغير ذلك -- باب: لا ولاية لأحد مع أب
Collected chapters on guardians coming together, who is most entitled among them, their differing, marrying off those who have lost their reason and children, and other matters -- Chapter: No one has guardianship while there is a father
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا عَيَّاشٌ السُّكَّرِيُّ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ، ثنا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمَّارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِيمَا يَحْسِبُ حَمَّادٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَكَرَ خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتَ خُوَيْلِدٍ، وَكَانَ أَبُوهَا يَرْغَبُ عَنْ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ، فَصَنَعَتْ طَعَامًا وَشَرَابًا، فَدَعَتْ أَبَاهَا وَنَفَرًا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، فَطَعِمُوا وَشَرِبُوا حَتَّى ثَمِلُوا، فَقَالَتْ خَدِيجَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا لِأَبِيهَا: إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا يَخْطُبُنِي، فَزَوِّجْهُ، فَزَوَّجَهَا إِيَّاهُ، فَخَلَّقَتْهُ وَأَلْبَسَتْهُ حُلَّةً، وَكَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ بِالْآبَاءِ إِذَا زَوَّجُوا بَنَاتَهُمْ، فَلَمَّا سُرِّيَ عَنْهُ السُّكْرُ نَظَرَ، فَإِذَا هُوَ مُخَلَّقٌ عَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ، فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنِي؟ قَالَتْ: زَوَّجْتَنِي مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ، فَقَالَ: أَنَا أُزَوِّجُ يَتِيمَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ؟ فَقَالَ: لَا لَعَمْرِي، فَقَالَتْ خَدِيجَةُ: أَمَا تَسْتَحِي تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُسَفِّهَ نَفْسَكَ عِنْدَ قُرَيْشٍ تُخْبِرُ النَّاسَ أَنَّكَ كُنْتَ سَكْرَانَ، فَلَمْ تَزَلْ بِهِ حَتَّى أَقَرَّ.
Ammar bin Abi Ammar narrates from Hadrat Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), as Hammad thought, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned (marrying) Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with her), but her father was unwilling to marry her to him. Hadrat Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) arranged food and drink and invited her father and a group of people close to them. When they had eaten and drunk and become intoxicated, Hadrat Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) said to her father: Muhammad bin Abdullah (peace and blessings be upon him) has proposed to me, so marry me (to him). So her father married her to him. Then Hadrat Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) perfumed her father and clothed him in a fine garment (hullah); this was done when fathers married off their daughters. When the intoxication left her father, he saw the perfumed garment on himself and said: What is this state of mine? Hadrat Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: You have married me to Muhammad bin Abdullah (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: Shall I marry (my daughter) to the orphan of Abu Talib? No, by my life! Hadrat Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: Are you not ashamed that you would make yourself look foolish before the Quraysh by telling people that you were drunk? She kept saying this to him repeatedly until he acknowledged it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دُرُسْتَوَيْهِ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ، حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْمُؤَمَّلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ حَدَّثَهُ، أَنَّ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ تَزْوِيجِ خَدِيجَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا، فَذَكَرَتْ أَنَّهَا كَلَّمَتْ أَخَاهُ، فَكَلَّمَ أَبَاهُ، وَقَدْ سُقِيَ خَمْرًا، فَذَكَرَ لَهُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَكَانَهُ وَسَأَلَهُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ خَدِيجَةَ، فَزَوَّجَهُ خَدِيجَةَ، وَنَامَ ثُمَّ اسْتَيْقَظَ صَاحِيًا، ⦗٢١٠⦘ فَأَنْكَرَ أَنْ يَكُونَ زَوَّجَهُ، فَقَالَ: أَيْنَ صَاحِبُكُمُ الَّذِي تَزْعُمُونَ أَنِّي زَوَّجْتُهُ، فَبَرَزَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ: إِنْ كُنْتُ زَوَّجْتُهُ فَسَبِيلُ ذَلِكَ، وَإِنْ لَمْ أَكُنْ فَعَلْتُ فَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُهُ " وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَزَوَّجَ خَدِيجَةَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَأَنْكَحَهُ إِيَّاهَا أَبُوهَا خُوَيْلِدُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with him) says that Sayyiduna Ammar bin Yasir (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned the story of the marriage of Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her): that Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) spoke to her brother, and he spoke to their father, who had been given wine to drink. He mentioned the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his standing, and asked about the marriage of Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her), so he married Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) (to him). Then he slept and woke up sober, and denied having married Sayyidah Khadijah (to him). He said: Where is that companion of yours whom you claim I have married her to? When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came forward and he looked at him, he said: If I have married her (to him), then so be it; and if I have not, then I now marry her (to him).
(b) Imam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) married Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) in the time of ignorance (Jahiliyyah), and her father Khuwaylid bin Asad conducted her marriage.
(b) Imam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) married Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) in the time of ignorance (Jahiliyyah), and her father Khuwaylid bin Asad conducted her marriage.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الرَّزَّازُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ أَبُو سَهْلِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ الْأَوْدِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ قَالَ: قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: لَمَّا مَاتَتْ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا جَاءَتْ خَوْلَةُ بِنْتُ حَكِيمٍ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَتْ: " يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَلَا تَزَوَّجُ؟ قَالَ: " وَمَنْ؟ " قَالَتْ: إِنْ شِئْتَ بِكْرًا وَإِنْ شِئْتَ ثَيِّبًا قَالَ: " وَمَنِ الْبِكْرُ وَمَنِ الثَّيِّبُ؟ " قَالَتْ: أَمَّا الْبِكْرُ فَابْنَةُ أَحَبِّ خَلْقِ اللهِ إِلَيْكَ عَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَأَمَّا الثَّيِّبُ فَسَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ قَدْ آمَنَتْ بِكَ، وَاتَّبَعَتْكَ قَالَ: " فَاذْكُرِيهِمَا لِي " قَالَتْ: فَأَتَتْ أُمَّ رُومَانَ، فَقَالَتْ: يَا أُمَّ رُومَانَ مَاذَا أَدْخَلَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَالْبَرَكَةِ؟ قَالَتْ: وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ قَالَتْ: رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَكَرَ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: انْتَظِرِي فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ آتٍ، فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: أَوَ تَصْلُحُ لَهُ وَهِيَ ابْنَةُ أَخِيهِ؟ قَالَتْ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَنَا أَخُوهُ وَهُوَ أَخِي وَابْنَتُهُ تَصْلُحُ لِي " فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ: فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قُولِي لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلْيَأْتِ قَالَ: فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَمُلِّكَهَا قَالَتْ خَوْلَةُ: ثُمَّ انْطَلَقْتُ إِلَى سَوْدَةَ وَأَبُوهَا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ قَدْ جَلَسَ عَنِ الْمَوَاسِمِ، فَحَيَّيْتُهُ بِتَحِيَّةِ أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَقُلْتُ: أَنْعِمْ صَبَاحًا قَالَ: " مَنْ أَنْتِ؟ " قُلْتُ: خَوْلَةُ بِنْتُ حَكِيمٍ قَالَتْ: فَرَحَّبَ بِي وَقَالَ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ: قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ يَذْكُرُ سَوْدَةَ بِنْتَ زَمْعَةَ، فَقَالَ: كُفُوٌ كَرِيمٌ، مَاذَا تَقُولُ صَاحِبَتُكِ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ تُحِبُّ قَالَ: فَقُولِي لَهُ فَلْيَأْتِ قَالَتْ: فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَمُلِّكَهَا. وَقَدِمَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ فَجَعَلَ يَحْثُو عَلَى رَأْسِهِ التُّرَابَ أَنْ تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَوْدَةَ " وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ.
Yahya bin Abd al-Rahman bin Hatib says that Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: When Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with her) passed away, Khawlah bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her) came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah, will you not marry? He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Whom?" She said: A virgin if you wish, or a previously married woman if you wish. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Who is the virgin, and who is the previously married woman?" Khawlah bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her) said: As for the virgin, she is the daughter of the most beloved of Allah's creation to you, Aishah bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both); and as for the previously married woman, she is Sayyidah Sawdah bint Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with her), who has believed in you and followed you. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Mention me to them both." Khawlah bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her) says: She went to Umm Ruman (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: O Umm Ruman, Allah has brought goodness and blessing into your house! Umm Ruman (may Allah be pleased with her) asked: What is that? Khawlah bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has mentioned Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). Umm Ruman (may Allah be pleased with her) said: Wait a little, Abu Bakr will be here shortly. Meanwhile Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) also arrived, and Umm Ruman (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned the matter to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Is this proper for him? She is his brother's daughter. Khawlah bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I am his brother and he is my brother, but marriage to his daughter is proper for me." He mentioned the hadith (up to the point) that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Khawlah bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her): Tell the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to come. The narrator says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came and contracted the marriage. Then Sayyidah Khawlah bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her) says: I went to Sayyidah Sawdah bint Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with her). Her father was an old man who had retired from his affairs. Sayyidah Khawlah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: I greeted him with the greeting of the time of ignorance; I said: May your morning be pleasant. He said: Who are you? I said: Khawlah bint Hakim. He welcomed me and said whatever Allah willed him to say. She says: I said: Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abd al-Muttalib (peace and blessings be upon him) has mentioned Sawdah bint Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with her) (that is, he intends marriage). He said: A noble match. What does your friend (Sawdah) say? I said: Yes, she would love it. He said: Then go and tell him to come. Khawlah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Sayyidah Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her). When Abd bin Zam'ah (may Allah be pleased with him) came, he began throwing dust on his head because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had married Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her). He also mentioned the rest of the hadith.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو النَّضْرِ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ شُعَيْبَ بْنَ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، أَخْبَرَهُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ: أَخْبَرَنِي، وَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ: ثنا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمُزَنِيُّ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى، ثنا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنِي شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَخْبَرَنِي سَالِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حِينَ تَأَيَّمَتْ حَفْصَةُ بِنْتُ عُمَرَ مِنْ خُنَيْسِ بْنِ حُذَافَةَ السَّهْمِيِّ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا، فَتُوُفِّيَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، قَالَ عُمَرُ: فَلَقِيتُ ⦗٢١١⦘ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ، فَعَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ حَفْصَةَ، فَقُلْتُ: إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْكَحْتُكَ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتَ عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ: سَأَنْظُرُ فِي أَمْرِي، فَلَبِثْتُ لَيَالِيَ، ثُمَّ لَقِيَنِي، فَقَالَ: قَدْ بَدَا لِي أَنْ لَا أَتَزَوَّجَ يَوْمِي هَذَا، قَالَ عُمَرُ: فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ فَقُلْتُ: إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْكَحْتُكَ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتَ عُمَرَ، فَصَمَتَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلِيَّ شَيْئًا، فَكُنْتُ عَلَيْهِ أَوْجَدَ مِنِّي عَلَى عُثْمَانَ، فَلَبِثْتُ لَيَالِيَ ثُمَّ خَطَبَهَا إِلِيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَنْكَحْتُهَا إِيَّاهُ، فَلَقِيَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ، فَقَالَ: لَعَلَّكَ وَجَدْتَ عَلَيَّ حِينَ عَرَضْتَ عَلَيَّ حَفْصَةَ، فَلَمْ أَرْجِعْ إِلَيْكَ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ قَالَ: فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي أَنْ أَرْجِعَ إِلَيْكَ فِيمَا عَرَضْتَ عَلَيَّ، إِلَّا أَنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ ذَكَرَ حَفْصَةَ فَلَمْ أَكُنْ لِأُفْشِيَ سِرَّ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَوْ تَرَكَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَبِلْتُهَا " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْيَمَانِ.
Hadrat Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that when Hadrat Hafsah bint Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), the daughter of Hadrat Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), was widowed by the death in Madinah of Khunays bin Hudhafah al-Sahmi (may Allah be pleased with him) (who was a Companion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and had taken part in Badr), Hadrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I offered my daughter to Hadrat Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) (that is, proposed marriage to him). I said: "If you wish, I will marry you to Hafsah bint Umar." Hadrat Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Let me think over my affairs." Hadrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I waited for a few days; then Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) met me and said: "I will not marry at present." Hadrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I met Hadrat Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "If you wish, I will marry you to Hafsah bint Umar." Hadrat Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) remained silent and gave me no answer. I felt more grieved inside than I had with Hadrat Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him). After a few days the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) proposed marriage (to her), and I married her to him (peace and blessings be upon him). Then Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) met me and said: "Perhaps you were upset when you offered Hadrat Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with them both) to me for marriage and I gave you no answer at all." Hadrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Yes." So Hadrat Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Nothing prevented me from answering you when you proposed the marriage, except that I knew that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had mentioned Hadrat Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with them both), and I did not want to disclose the secret of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Had the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) left her, I would have accepted her."
