السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
جماع أبواب ما على الأولياء وإنكاح الآباء البكر بغير إذنها ووجه النكاح والرجل يتزوج أمته ويجعل عتقها صداقها وغير ذلك -- باب: قول الله تعالى: {وأنكحوا الأيامى منكم والصالحين من عبادكم وإمائكم} [النور: ٣٢] وأنه يحتمل أن يكون دلهم على ما فيه رشدهم بالنكاح
Collected chapters on the duties of guardians, fathers marrying off a virgin without her permission, the manner of marriage, a man marrying his slave woman and making her freedom her dowry, and other matters -- Chapter: The saying of Allah the Exalted: "And marry off the unmarried among you and the righteous among your male and female slaves" [al-Nur: 32], and that it may mean He guided them through marriage to what is good for them
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ رَدَّادٍ شَيْخٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " سَافِرُوا تَصِحُّوا وَتَغْنَمُوا ".
It is narrated from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Travel, you will remain healthy and you will gain spoils (i.e. you will become prosperous)."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الدَّامِغَانِيُّ بِنَيْسَابُورَ ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ رُشَيْدٍ، ثنا بِسْطَامُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " سَافِرُوا تَصِحُّوا وَتَغْنَمُوا "، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى، وَإِنَّمَا هَذَا دَلَالَةً لَا حَتْمًا أَنْ يُسَافِرَ لِطَلَبِ صِحَّةٍ وَرِزْقٍ، قَالَ: وَيُحْتَمَلُ الْأَمْرُ بِالنِّكَاحِ حَتْمًا وَفِي كُلٍّ الْحَتْمُ مِنَ اللهِ الرُّشْدُ قَالَ: وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: الْأَمْرُ كُلُّهُ عَلَى الْإِبَاحَةِ وَالدَّلَالَةِ عَلَى الرُّشْدِ حَتَّى تُوجَدَ الدَّلَالَةُ عَلَى أَنَّهُ أُرِيدَ بِالْأَمْرِ الْحَتْمُ وَمَا نَهَى الله عَنْهُ فَهُوَ مُحَرَّمٌ حَتَّى تُوجَدَ الدَّلَالَةُ عَلَيْهِ بَأَنَّ النَّهْيَ مِنْهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى غَيْرِ التَّحْرِيمِ وَاسْتَدَلَّ هَذَا الْقَائِلُ.
Likewise (through another chain). Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This is a guidance, not an obligation, that one should travel to seek provision and health. It is possible that the command to marry is an obligation, and whatever is from Allah contains good.
بِمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَجْلَانَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " ذَرُونِي مَا تَرَكْتُكُمْ، فَإِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِكَثْرَةِ سُؤَالِهِمْ، وَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ، فَمَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِهِ مِنْ أَمْرٍ، فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ وَمَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا ".
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Be content with what I have left with you. Indeed, those who were before you were destroyed because of their many questions and their disagreeing with their prophets. Whatever I command you, do as much of it as you are able, and whatever I forbid you, refrain from it."
قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنِ الْأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمِثْلِ مَعْنَاهُ.
A narration with the same meaning as the previous one is reported from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نُعَيْمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، فَذَكَرَهُ، ⦗١٦٦⦘ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَرَ.
A narration with the same meaning as the previous one is also reported from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) through another chain; Muslim recorded it in the Sahih from Ibn Abi Umar.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ الْعَامِرِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " ذَرُونِي مَا تَرَكْتُكُمْ، فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِسُؤَالِهِمْ وَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ، فَإِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ، فَخُذُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ وَإِذَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَانْتَهُوا "، رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَقَدْ يُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْأَمْرُ فِي مَعْنَى النَّهْيِ فَيَكُونَانِ لَازِمَيْنِ إِلَّا بِدَلَالَةِ أَنَّهُمَا غَيْرُ لَازِمَيْنِ، وَيَكُونُ قَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ " أَنْ يَقُولَ: عَلَيْهِمْ إِتْيَانُ الْأَمْرِ فِيمَا اسْتَطَاعُوا؛ لِأَنَّ النَّاسَ إِنَّمَا كُلِّفُوا مَا اسْتَطَاعُوا وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ طَلَبُ الدَّلَائِلِ لِيُفَرِّقُوا بَيْنَ الْحَتْمِ وَالْمُبَاحِ وَالْإِرْشَادِ الَّذِي لَيْسَ بِحَتْمٍ فِي الْأَمْرِ وَالنَّهْيِ مَعًا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Leave me alone as long as I leave you alone (and do not ask questions and the like), for the nations before you were destroyed because of their (unnecessary) questions and their disagreeing with their prophets. When I command you to do something, carry it out to the extent of your ability, and when I forbid you from something, keep away from it."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is possible that the command is in the same sense as the prohibition, so that both are binding unless there is evidence that they are not binding; and his (peace and blessings be upon him) saying, "So do of it what you are able," means that they are required to carry out the command as far as they are able, because people are only held responsible according to their ability. And the people of knowledge must seek out the evidences in order to distinguish between what is obligatory, what is permissible, and guidance that is not obligatory, in both command and prohibition. And Allah knows best.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is possible that the command is in the same sense as the prohibition, so that both are binding unless there is evidence that they are not binding; and his (peace and blessings be upon him) saying, "So do of it what you are able," means that they are required to carry out the command as far as they are able, because people are only held responsible according to their ability. And the people of knowledge must seek out the evidences in order to distinguish between what is obligatory, what is permissible, and guidance that is not obligatory, in both command and prohibition. And Allah knows best.
