السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
باب: من تخلى لعبادة الله إذا لم تتق نفسه إلى النكاح
One who devotes himself to the worship of Allah if he has no longing for marriage
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أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، ثنا بَدَلُ بْنُ الْمُحَبَّرِ، ثنا زَائِدَةُ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ زِرٍّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {وَسَيِّدًا وَحَصُورًا} [آل عمران: ٣٩] قَالَ: " الْحَصُورُ الَّذِي لَا يَقْرَبُ النِّسَاءَ ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) says concerning the saying of Allah Almighty: "And a leader and chaste (hasur)" [Surah Al Imran: 39] that "al-hasur" is the one who does not go near women.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا آدَمُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ: " الْحَصُورُ الَّذِي لَا يَأْتِي النِّسَاءَ "، وَرُوِّينَا ذَلِكَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا وَعَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ.
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Al-hasur" is the one who does not approach women. This has also been narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) and from Ikrimah.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ السُّوسِيُّ، مِنْ أَصْلِهِ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ ذَرٍّ، ثنا مُجَاهِدٌ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: وَاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ إِنْ كُنْتُ لَأَعْتَمِدُ بِكَبِدِي عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مِنَ الْجُوعِ، وَإِنْ كُنْتُ لَأَشُدُّ الْحَجَرَ عَلَى بَطْنِي مِنَ الْجُوعِ، وَلَقَدْ قَعَدْتُ يَوْمًا عَلَى طَرِيقِهِمُ الَّذِي يَخْرُجُونَ مِنْهُ فَمَرَّ بِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ آيَةٍ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَا سَأَلْتُهُ إِلَّا لِيَسْتَتْبِعَنِي، فَمَرَّ بِي وَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ، ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِي عُمَرُ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ آيَةٍ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَا سَأَلْتُهُ إِلَّا لِيَسْتَتْبِعَنِي، فَمَرَّ بِي وَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ، ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِي أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَتَبَسَّمَ حِينَ رَآنِي وَعَرَفَ مَا فِي نَفْسِي، وَمَا فِي وَجْهِي، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ" فَقُلْتُ: لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ: " الْحَقْ" وَمَضَى، فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ، فَدَخَلَ فَاسْتَأْذَنْتُ فَأَذِنَ لِي، فَدَخَلْتُ، فَوَجَدْتُ لَبَنًا فِي قَدَحٍ، فَقَالَ: " مِنْ أَيْنَ هَذَا اللَّبَنُ؟ " قَالُوا: أَهْدَاهُ لَكَ فُلَانٌ أَوْ فُلَانَةُ قَالَ: " يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ"، فَقُلْتُ: لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ: " الْحَقْ إِلَى أَهْلِ الصُّفَّةِ فَادْعُهُمْ لِي" قَالَ: وَأَهْلُ الصُّفَّةِ أَضْيَافُ الْإِسْلَامِ لَا يَأْوُونَ إِلَى أَهْلٍ، وَلَا مَالٍ، إِذَا أَتَتْهُ صَدَقَةٌ بَعَثَ بِهَا إِلَيْهِمْ، وَلَمْ يَتَنَاوَلْ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا، وَإِذَا أَتَتْهُ هَدِيَّةٌ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَأَصَابَ مِنْهَا وَأَشْرَكَهُمْ فِيهَا، فَسَاءَنِي ذَلِكَ قُلْتُ: وَمَا هَذَا اللَّبَنُ فِي أَهْلِ الصُّفَّةِ؟ كُنْتُ أَرْجُو أَنْ أُصِيبَ مِنْ هَذَا اللَّبَنِ شَرْبَةً أَتَقَوَّى بِهَا وَأَنَا الرَّسُولُ، فَإِذَا جَاءُوا أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أُعْطِيَهُمْ، وَمَا عَسَى أَنْ يَبْلُغَنِي مِنْ هَذَا اللَّبَنِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ طَاعَةِ اللهِ وَطَاعَةِ رَسُولِهِ بُدٌّ، فَأَتَيْتُهُمْ فَدَعَوْتُهُمْ، فَأَقْبَلُوا حَتَّى اسْتَأْذَنُوا فَأُذِنَ لَهُمْ وَأَخَذُوا مَجَالِسَهُمْ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ، فَقَالَ: " يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ" فَقُلْتُ: لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ: " خُذْ فَأَعْطِهِمْ"، فَأَخَذْتُ الْقَدَحَ، فَجَعَلْتُ أُعْطِيهِ الرَّجُلَ، فَيَشْرَبُ حَتَّى يَرْوَى، ثُمَّ يَرِدُ عَلَى الْقَدَحِ فَأُعْطِيهِ الْآخَرَ، فَيَشْرَبُ حَتَّى يَرْوَى، ثُمَّ يَرِدُ عَلَى الْقَدَحِ حَتَّى انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَقَدْ رَوِيَ الْقَوْمُ كُلُّهُمْ، فَأَخَذَ الْقَدَحَ، فَوَضَعَهُ عَلَى يَدِهِ وَنَظَرَ إِلِيَّ وَتَبَسَّمَ وَقَالَ: " يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ" فَقُلْتُ: لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ: " بَقِيتُ أَنَا وَأَنْتَ"، قُلْتُ: صَدَقْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ: " اقْعُدْ فَاشْرَبْ"، فَقَعَدْتُ، فَشَرِبْتُ، فَقَالَ: " اشْرَبْ"، فَشَرِبْتُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " اشْرَبْ" فَشَرِبْتُ، فَمَا زَالَ يَقُولُ: " اشْرَبْ"، فَأَشْرَبُ حَتَّى قُلْتُ: لَا وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَجِدُ لَهُ مَسْلَكًا قَالَ: " فَادْنُ"، فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ الْقَدَحَ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَسَمَّى وَشَرِبَ الْفَضْلَةَ" رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ وَالْمَوْضِعُ الْمَقْصُودُ مِنْ هَذَا الْخَبَرِ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ قَوْلُهُ: وَأَهْلُ الصُّفَّةِ أَضْيَافُ الْإِسْلَامِ لَا يَأْوُونَ إِلَى أَهْلٍ وَلَا مَالٍ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: By Allah, besides whom there is no god! I used to press my stomach to the ground from hunger, and I used to tie a stone over my stomach from hunger. One day I sat on the path by which the people would come out. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by me. I asked him about a verse of the Book of Allah so that he would give me something, but he passed by and did not do so. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by; I asked him, and he too passed by and gave nothing. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled when he saw me and said: "Come." I went along with him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) entered; I too asked permission and was granted it. I found a bowl of milk, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Where has this bowl come from?" The reply came that such-and-such a man or woman had sent it as a gift. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Hurayrah! Go and call the people of the Suffah." Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The people of the Suffah were the guests of Islam; they had neither family nor wealth. Whenever charity came to him (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) would send it to them and take nothing from it himself; and whenever a gift came to him, he would send for them, take some of it himself and share it with them. This weighed heavily on me: this is one bowl, and I will get only a sip of it. I went and called them. When they came, he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered me to offer the milk to each of them. I felt that I would get none, but obeying Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) was necessary. When they came, they asked permission, permission was given, and they sat down in a gathering in his (peace and blessings be upon him) house. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Hurayrah!" I said: "At your service, O Messenger of Allah!" He said: "Take it and give it to them." I took the bowl and gave it to a man; he drank until he was satisfied. Then I gave the bowl to another, and he too was satisfied. Then I brought the bowl to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), all the people having been satisfied. He (peace and blessings be upon him) took the bowl, placed it on his hand, looked at me, smiled and said: "O Abu Hurayrah!" I said: "At your service, O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)!" He said: "You and I remain." I said: "You (peace and blessings be upon him) have spoken the truth." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sit down and start drinking." He says: I sat down and began drinking. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Drink more." I drank. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said again: "Drink more." I kept drinking until I said: "By Allah who sent you (peace and blessings be upon him) with the truth, I find no more room for it." So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then come close." I gave him (peace and blessings be upon him) the bowl. He (peace and blessings be upon him) praised Allah, said 'Bismillah' (In the name of Allah), and drank what was left of the milk.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَمْشَاذٍ الْعَدْلُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ ⦗١٣٥⦘ الْمُغِيرَةِ السُّكَّرِيُّ، بِهَمَذَانَ ثنا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ الْعُرَنِيُّ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْيَمَامِيُّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَا فُلَانَةُ بِنْتُ فُلَانٍ قَالَ: " قَدْ عَرَفْتُكِ فَمَا حَاجَتُكِ؟ " قَالَتْ: حَاجَتِي إِلَى ابْنِ عَمِّي فُلَانٍ الْعَابِدِ قَالَ: " قَدْ عَرَفْتُهُ " قَالَتْ: يَخْطُبُنِي فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِ عَلَى الزَّوْجَةِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ شَيْئًا أُطِيقُهُ تَزَوَّجْتُهُ، وَإِنْ لَمْ أُطِقْ لَا أَتَزَوَّجُ قَالَ: " مِنْ حَقِّ الزَّوْجِ عَلَى الزَّوْجَةِ أَنْ لَوْ سَالَ مَنْخِرَاهُ دَمًا وَقَيْحًا وَصَدِيدًا، فَلَحَسَتْهُ بِلِسَانِهَا مَا أَدَّتْ حَقَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لِبَشَرٍ أَنْ يَسْجُدَ لِبَشَرٍ لَأَمَرْتُ الْمَرْأَةَ أَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِزَوْجِهَا إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا؛ لِمَا فَضَّلَهُ اللهُ عَلَيْهَا " قَالَتْ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَا أَتَزَوَّجُ مَا بَقِيتُ فِي الدُّنْيَا.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) says that a woman came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I am so-and-so, the daughter of so-and-so." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have recognised you; what do you need?" She said: "My paternal cousin has proposed to me. Tell me what right a husband has over his wife. If I am able to bear it, I will marry; otherwise I will not." He said: "The husband's right over the wife is such that if blood, vomit or pus were flowing from him and the woman licked it with her tongue, she would still not have fulfilled her husband's right. If prostration to any human being were fitting, I would have commanded the wife to prostrate to her husband when he comes in to her, because of the excellence Allah has given him over the woman." The woman said: "By the One who sent you with the truth, I will never marry." [Sahih li-ghayrihi]
