السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
باب: السرية تخرج من عسكر في بلاد العدو
A detachment that sets out from an army in enemy territory
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ أَبِي: أَخْبَرَنَا، وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ ⦗٥٤٦⦘ بُرَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى قَالَ: " لَمَّا فَرَغَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ حُنَيْنٍ بَعَثَ أَبَا عَامِرٍ عَلَى جَيْشِ أَوْطَاسَ، فَلَقِيَ دُرَيْدَ بْنَ الصِّمَّةِ، فَقُتِلَ دُرَيْدٌ، وَهَزَمَ اللهُ أَصْحَابَهُ " وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي كُرَيْبٍ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished with Hunayn, he sent Abu Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) in command of the army to Awtas. He met Durayd bin al-Simmah; Durayd was killed and Allah defeated his companions.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فَقَالَ: " أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنَّهُ مَا كَانَ مِنْ حِلْفٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَإِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ لَمْ يَزِدْهُ إِلَّا شِدَّةً، وَلَا حِلْفَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ، يَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ، يَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ أَقْصَاهُمْ، تُرَدُّ سَرَايَاهُمْ عَلَى قَعَدَتِهِمْ " وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ.
Amr bin Shu'ayb narrates from his father, and he from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon in the year of the Conquest of Makkah, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O people! Whatever pact anyone had in the Jahiliyyah, Islam only makes it stronger; and there is no (wrong) pact in Islam. The Muslims are one body and one force against those besides them; the lowest of them may grant protection on their behalf, the farthest of them returns (the spoils) to them, and (the spoils of) their raiding parties are returned to those who stay behind." It is a portion of a long hadith.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أنا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ خَمِيرَوَيْهِ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ قَالَ: بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ حَبِيبَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ" غَزَا الرُّومَ، فَأَخَذُوا رَجُلًا فَاتَّهَمُوهُ، فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُ عَيْنٌ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا مَلِكُ الرُّومِ فِي النَّاسِ وَرَاءَ هَذَا الْجَبَلِ، فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: أَشِيرُوا عَلَيَّ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: نَرَى أَنْ تُقِيمَ حَتَّى يَلْحَقَ بِكَ النَّاسُ، وَكَانُوا مُنْقَطِعِينَ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: نَرَى أَنْ تَرْجِعَ إِلَى فِئَتِكَ وَلَا تَقْدُمْ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ؛ فَإِنَّهُ لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِمْ، فَقَالَ: أَمَّا أَنَا فَأُعْطِي اللهَ عَهْدًا لَا أَخِيسُ بِهِ، لَأُخَالِطَنَّهُمْ. فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ إِذَا هُوَ بِهِمْ قَدْ مَلَئُوا الْأَرْضَ، فَحَمَلَ وَحَمَلَ أَصْحَابُهُ، فَانْهَزَمَ الْعَدُوُّ وَأَصَابُوا غَنَائِمَ كَثِيرَةً، فَلَحِقَ النَّاسُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَحْضُرُوا الْقِتَالَ وَقَالُوا: نَحْنُ شُرَكَاؤُكُمْ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ، وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ شَهِدُوا الْقِتَالَ: لَيْسَ لَكُمْ نَصِيبٌ؛ لَمْ تَحْضُرُوا الْقِتَالَ، وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ حَضَرَ مَعَ حَبِيبٍ: لَيْسَ لَكُمْ نَصِيبٌ، فَكَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ، فَكَتَبَ أَنِ اقْسِمْ بَيْنَهُمْ كُلِّهِمْ، قَالَ: وَأَظُنُّ مُعَاوِيَةَ كَانَ كَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَكَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ" وَقَالَ الشَّاعِرُ:.
Ibn Abi Dhi'b (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It has reached us that Sayyiduna Habib bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) fought a campaign against the Romans. They seized a man and suspected him (of spying). He told them that he was a spy, and informed them that the king of the Romans was behind this mountain with an army. He said to his companions: Give me your counsel. Some said: We think it best that you stay here until the rest of the people join you. Others said that you should return to your main body and not advance against them, for we do not have the strength to face them. He said: I make a covenant with Allah that I will not break my pledge; rather, I will be right in their midst. When the day advanced, they (the Romans) had spread over the land. So he charged himself and also urged on his companions, and the enemy was defeated and they obtained spoils. Then those people who had not been present at the fighting joined them and said: We too are your partners in the spoils. But those who had been present at the fighting said: You have no share, because you were not present at the fighting. And Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Those who were present were with Habib; you have no share. So they wrote about this matter to Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), and he wrote that the spoils should be distributed among them all. The narrator said: I think that Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) had written to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had given this reply.
