السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الإجارة
Book of Hiring
باب: أخذ الأجرة على تعليم القرآن والرقية به
Taking a wage for teaching the Quran and for ruqyah with it
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو يَحْيَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ السَّمَرْقَنْدِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيُّ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ يَعْنِي أَبَا مَعْشَرٍ الْبَرَاءَ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْأَخْنَسِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ نَفَرًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرُّوا بِمَاءٍ وَفِيهِمْ لَدِيغٌ أَوْ سَلِيمٌ، فَعَرَضَ لَهُمْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَاءِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: هَلْ فِيكُمْ مِنْ رَاقٍ، إِنَّ فِي الْمَاءِ رَجُلًا لَدِيغًا أَوْ سَلِيمًا، فَانْطَلَقَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَقَرَأَ أُمَّ الْكِتَابِ عَلَى شَاءٍ، فَبَرَأَ، فَجَاءَ بِالشَّاءِ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ، فَكَرِهُوا ذَلِكَ وَقَالُوا: أَخَذْتَ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ أَجْرًا، فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا كَانَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّ أَحَقَّ مَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا كِتَابُ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ سِيدَانَ بْنِ مُضَارِبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مَعْشَرٍ.
It is reported from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that some Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by a watering place where there was a man who had been stung by a scorpion. A man of that tribe came to the Companions and said: Is there anyone among you who performs ruqyah? One of our men has been stung by a scorpion. One of those Companions went and performed ruqyah with Surah al-Fatihah in return for some goats, and the man was cured. This Companion brought the goats to the Companions; they disliked this act and said: You have taken a wage for the Book of Allah. They came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and informed him, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The most deserving of the things for which you take a wage is the Book of Allah."
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، ثنا أَبُو عُمَرَ الْحَوْضِيُّ، وَمُسَدَّدٌ، وَالْحَجَبِيُّ قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُتَوَكِّلِ النَّاجِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، أَنَّ رَهْطًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ انْطَلَقُوا فِي سَفْرَةٍ سَافَرُوهَا حَتَّى نَزَلُوا بِحَيٍّ مِنْ أَحْيَاءِ الْعَرَبِ فَاسْتَضَافُوهُمْ، فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُضَيِّفُوهُمْ، فَلُدِغَ سَيِّدُ الْحِيِّ، فَسَعَوْا لَهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ، لَا يَنْفَعُهُ شَيْءٌ، حَتَّى قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لَوْ أَتَيْتُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ الرَّهْطَ الَّذِينَ نَزَلُوا بِكُمْ لَعَلَّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عِنْدَ بَعْضِهِمْ شَيْءٌ يَنْفَعُ صَاحِبَكُمْ، فَأَتَوْهُمْ فَقَالُوا: أَيُّهَا الرَّهْطُ، إِنَّ سَيِّدَنَا لُدِغَ، فَسَعَيْنَا لَهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ، لَا يَنْفَعُهُ شَيْءٌ، فَهَلْ عِنْدَ أَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ شَيْءٌ يَنْفَعُ صَاحِبَنَا؟ قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ: نَعَمْ، وَاللهِ إِنِّي لَأَرْقِي، وَلَكِنْ وَاللهِ لَقَدِ اسْتَضَفْنَاكُمْ فَأَبَيْتُمْ أَنْ تُضَيِّفُونَا، فَمَا أَنَا بِرَاقٍ حَتَّى تَجْعَلُوا لَنَا جُعْلًا، فَصَالَحُوهُمْ عَلَى قَطِيعٍ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ، قَالَ: فَانْطَلَقَ فَجَعَلَ يَتْفُلُ عَلَيْهِ وَيَقُولُ: {الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ} [الفاتحة: ٢] حَتَّى بَرَأَ فَكَأَنَّمَا نَشَطَ مِنْ عِقَالٍ حَتَّى انْطَلَقَ يَمْشِي مَا بِهِ قَلَبَةٌ، فَأَوْفَوْهُمْ جُعْلَهُمُ الَّذِي صَالَحُوهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: اقْسِمُوا، فَقَالَ الَّذِي رَقَى: لَا تَفْعَلُوا حَتَّى نَأْتِيَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَذْكُرَ لَهُ الَّذِي كَانَ فَنَنْظُرَ مَا يَأْمُرُنَا بِهِ، قَالَ فَغَدَوْا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ: " مَا يُدْرِيكَ أَنَّهَا رُقْيَةٌ؟ " قَالَ: وَقَالَ: " أَصَبْتُمُ اقْتَسِمُوا وَاضْرِبُوا لِي مَعَكُمْ بِسَهْمٍ " قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ: حُدِّثْنَا بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى الِانْفِرَادِ، وَزَادَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ فِي الْحَدِيثِ، وَالْمَعْنَى وَاحِدٌ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَغَيْرِهِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ ⦗٢٠٦⦘ وَحَدِيثُ الْمُزَوَّجَةِ عَلَى تَعْلِيمِ الْقُرْآنِ دَلِيلٌ فِيهِ، وَمَوْضِعُهُ كِتَابُ الصَّدَاقِ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) that a group of the Ansari Companions went on a journey. On the way they camped near an Arab tribe and asked them for food, but they refused to host them. The chief of the tribe was bitten by a snake. They tried everything, but nothing brought relief. One person said: Go to the group that has stopped near you; perhaps they have some remedy for it. So they said: O group, our chief has been bitten by a snake, and we have tried everything, but he is not recovering. Do you have any remedy or solution for it? One of the Companions said: Yes, I know how to perform ruqyah, but we asked you for food and you refused to host us, so now I will not perform ruqyah until you give me something in return. So they agreed with the Companions on a flock of goats. That Companion went and began performing ruqyah over him, reciting Surah al-Fatihah. After a short while he became completely well, as if he had been released from ropes, and he began walking as though nothing ailed him. So they paid the compensation as promised. People said: Divide it. The Companion who had performed ruqyah said: Wait! Let us go to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and ask about the matter, then (do) whatever he commands. So in the morning they came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and related the story. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled and said: "How did you know that it is a ruqyah?" Then he said: "You did right. Divide it, and keep a share for me with you as well."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ حِبَّانَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحَمَّالُ، ثنا إِدْرِيسُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْبَزَّازُ، ثنا وَكِيعٌ، ثنا صَدَقَةُ بْنُ مُوسَى الدَّقِيقِيُّ، عَنِ الْوَضِينِ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ قَالَ: " ثَلَاثَةٌ مُعَلِّمُونَ كَانُوا بِالْمَدِينَةِ يُعَلِّمُونَ الصِّبْيَانَ، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَرْزُقُ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ دِرْهَمًا كُلَّ شَهْرٍ " وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ عَنْ وَكِيعٍ.
Al-Wadin bin Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) says: There were three teachers in Madinah who taught children, and Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) used to give each of them fifteen dirhams a month as remuneration.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْفَتْحِ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ الشُّرَيْحِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْجَعْدِ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ قُرَّةَ عَنْ أَجْرِ الْمُعَلِّمِ، قَالَ: " أَرَى لَهُ أَجْرًا " قَالَ شُعْبَةُ: وَسَأَلْتُ الْحَكَمَ، فَقَالَ: " لَمْ أَسْمَعْ أَحَدًا يَكْرَهُهُ " قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي التَّرْجَمَةِ: وَقَالَ الْحَكَمُ: لَمْ أَسْمَعْ أَحَدًا كَرِهَ أَجْرَ الْمُعَلِّمِ قَالَ: وَلَمْ يَرَ ابْنُ سِيرِينَ بِأَجْرِ الْمُعَلِّمِ بَأْسًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عَطَاءٍ وَأَبِي قِلَابَةَ أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا لَا يَرَيَانِ بِتَعْلِيمِ الْغِلْمَانِ بِالْأَجْرِ بَأْسًا وَعَنِ الْحَسَنِ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ قَالَ: إِذَا قَاطَعَ الْمُعَلِّمُ وَلَمْ يَعْدِلْ كُتِبَ مِنَ الظَّلَمَةِ.
(a) Shu'bah says: I asked Mu'awiyah bin Qurrah about the teacher's wage, and he said: I hold that he is entitled to a wage.
(b) Al-Hakam said: I have not heard of anyone disliking it. Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) mentions in a chapter heading that al-Hakam said: I have not heard of anyone disliking the teacher's wage. And he said: Ibn Sirin also saw no harm in the teacher's wage.
(c) Ata and Abu Qilabah saw no harm in taking a wage for teaching children.
(d) It is reported from al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him): When a teacher fixes a wage and then does not act justly, he is recorded among the wrongdoers.
(b) Al-Hakam said: I have not heard of anyone disliking it. Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) mentions in a chapter heading that al-Hakam said: I have not heard of anyone disliking the teacher's wage. And he said: Ibn Sirin also saw no harm in the teacher's wage.
(c) Ata and Abu Qilabah saw no harm in taking a wage for teaching children.
(d) It is reported from al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him): When a teacher fixes a wage and then does not act justly, he is recorded among the wrongdoers.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ رَجَاءٍ الْأَدِيبُ، ثنا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الْقَاضِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْحُلْوَانِيُّ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ خَاقَانَ، وَفَضَلُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ الْأَعْرَجُ، قَالَا: ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: " لَمْ يَكُنْ لِأُنَاسٍ مِنْ أُسَارَى بَدْرٍ فِدَاءٌ، فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِدَاءَهُمْ أَنْ يُعَلِّمُوا أَوْلَادَ الْأَنْصَارِ الْكِتَابَةَ، قَالَ: فَجَاءَ غُلَامٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يَبْكِي يَوْمًا إِلَى أَبِيهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُوهُ: مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ: ضَرَبَنِي مُعَلِّمِي، قَالَ: الْخَبِيثُ يَطْلُبُ بِذَحْلِ بَدْرٍ، وَاللهِ لَا تَأْتِيهِ أَبَدًا ".
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Some of the captives of Badr had no ransom (to pay). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made their ransom that they teach the children of the Ansar to write. One day a boy from the Ansar came to his father crying. His father asked: What is the matter? He said: My teacher hit me. He said: The wretch is seeking revenge for Badr. By Allah! Do not go to him again.
