السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب البيوع
Book of Sales
باب: ما جاء في عهدة الرقيق
Reports on the guarantee period for slaves
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، أنا سَعِيدٌ هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: " عُهْدَةُ الرَّقِيقِ ثَلَاثُ لَيَالٍ " قَالَ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ: قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: فَقُلْتُ لِقَتَادَةَ: كَيْفَ يَكُونُ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: إِذَا وَجَدَ الْمُشْتَرِي عَيْبًا بِالسِّلْعَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يَرُدُّهَا فِي تِلْكَ الثَّلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَلَا يُسْأَلُ الْبَيِّنَةَ، وَإِذَا مَضَتِ الثَّلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّهَا إِلَّا بِبَيِّنَةٍ أَنَّهُ اشْتَرَاهَا وَذَلِكَ الْعَيْبُ بِهَا، وَإِلَّا فَيَمِينُ الْبَائِعِ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَبِعْهُ كَذَا وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ هَمَّامُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، وَأَبَانُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ وَخَالَفَهُمْ هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ فِي مَتْنِهِ.
Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The guarantee against a slave's defects lasts three nights."
Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I asked Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him): How is that? He said: If the buyer finds a defect in the goods and returns them within those three days, he will not even be asked for proof. But after the three days have passed, proof will be required that he bought it from him and the defect was present at that time; otherwise the seller will swear an oath that this disease was not in it at the time of sale.
Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I asked Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him): How is that? He said: If the buyer finds a defect in the goods and returns them within those three days, he will not even be asked for proof. But after the three days have passed, proof will be required that he bought it from him and the defect was present at that time; otherwise the seller will swear an oath that this disease was not in it at the time of sale.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، أنا هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: " عُهْدَةُ الرَّقِيقِ أَرْبَعُ لَيَالٍ " قَالَ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ: قَالَ هِشَامٌ: قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: وَأَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ يَقُولُونَ: ثَلَاثًا، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ وَغَيْرُهُ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ.
Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "The guarantee against a slave's defects lasts four nights."
Hisham said: Qatadah said: The people of Madinah mention three nights.
Hisham said: Qatadah said: The people of Madinah mention three nights.
وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَمُرَةَ، أَوْ عُقْبَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: " عُهْدَةُ الرَّقِيقِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَيَّامٍ " حَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ فُورَكٍ، أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، فَذَكَرَهُ. وَرَوَاهُ يُونُسُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ.
Sayyiduna Samurah or Uqbah (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The guarantee against a slave's defects is four days."
كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، أنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَوْنٍ، ثنا هُشَيْمٌ، أنا يُونُسُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَا عُهْدَةَ فَوْقَ أَرْبَعٍ " ⦗٥٢٩⦘ مَدَارُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَلَى الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ وَهُوَ مُرْسَلٌ، قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمَدِينِيُّ لَمْ يَسْمَعِ الْحَسَنُ مِنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ شَيْئًا..
Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is no guarantee against a slave's defects beyond four days."
This hadith revolves around al-Hasan from Uqbah bin Amir, and it is mursal; Ali bin Abdullah al-Madini said: Al-Hasan did not hear anything from Uqbah bin Amir.
This hadith revolves around al-Hasan from Uqbah bin Amir, and it is mursal; Ali bin Abdullah al-Madini said: Al-Hasan did not hear anything from Uqbah bin Amir.
أَخْبَرَنَا بِذَلِكَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْبَرَاءِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمَدِينِيَّ، فَذَكَرَهُ وَكَذَلِكَ قَالَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ أَهْلِ النَّقْلِ، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: وَالْخَبَرُ فِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَعَلَ لِحَبَّانَ بْنِ مُنْقِذٍ عُهْدَةَ ثَلَاثٍ خَاصٌّ، وَرُوِيَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيمَا مَضَى عُهْدَةٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ لَا مِنْ هِيَامٍ وَلَا مِنْ جُذَامٍ وَلَا شَيْءٍ، قُلْتُ لَهُ: مَا ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا شَيْءَ إِذَا ابْتَاعَهُ صَحِيحًا لَا أَرَى إِلَّا ذَلِكَ، اللهُ يُحْدِثُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا يَشَاءُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِبَيِّنَةٍ عَلَى شَيْءٍ كَانَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْتَاعَهُ وَكَذَلِكَ يُرَى الْأَمْرُ الْآنَ.
Ali bin Abdullah al-Madini said this (that al-Hasan did not hear from Uqbah), and likewise a group of the imams of transmission said it.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The report that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave Habban bin Munqidh (may Allah be pleased with him) a three-day guarantee against defects was specific (to him).
Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) said: In the past there was no guarantee period anywhere in the land, neither for hiyam (a disease of raging thirst), nor for leprosy, nor for anything else. I said to him: Were there not three days? He said: No; when it is sold sound, there is no guarantee. If Allah later brings about some disease, that is as He wills. But if it is proven that this disease existed before the sale, then there is a guarantee; and the matter still runs this way.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The report that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave Habban bin Munqidh (may Allah be pleased with him) a three-day guarantee against defects was specific (to him).
Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) said: In the past there was no guarantee period anywhere in the land, neither for hiyam (a disease of raging thirst), nor for leprosy, nor for anything else. I said to him: Were there not three days? He said: No; when it is sold sound, there is no guarantee. If Allah later brings about some disease, that is as He wills. But if it is proven that this disease existed before the sale, then there is a guarantee; and the matter still runs this way.
