السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصيام
Book of Fasting
باب: متى يدخل في اعتكافه إذا أوجب على نفسه اعتكاف شهر أو أيام
When one begins his i'tikaf if he vowed i'tikaf for a month or for days
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمُزَكِّي، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ثنا بَكْرٌ وَهُوَ ابْنُ مُضَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ الْهَادِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُجَاوِرُ فِي الْعَشْرِ الَّتِي وَسَطَ الشَّهْرِ فَإِذَا كَانَ مِنْ حِينِ يَمْضِي عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً وَيَسْتَقْبِلُ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ رَجَعَ إِلَى مَسْكَنِهِ وَرَجَعَ مَنْ كَانَ يُجَاوِرُ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَقَامَ فِي شَهْرٍ جَاوَرَ فِيهِ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ الَّتِي كَانَ يَرْجِعُ فِيهَا فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فِيهَا فَأَمَرَهُمْ بِمَا شَاءَ اللهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " إِنِّي كُنْتُ أُجَاوِرُ هَذِهِ الْعَشْرَ ثُمَّ بَدَا لِي أَنْ أُجَاوِرَ هَذِهِ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ فَمَنِ اعْتَكَفَ مَعِي فَلْيَبِتْ فِي مُعْتَكَفِهِ" وَقَالَ: " رَأَيْتُ هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ ثُمَّ أُنْسِيتُهَا فَالْتَمِسُوهَا فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ فِي وِتْرٍ وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي أَسْجُدُ فِي مَاءٍ ⦗٥٢٥⦘ وَطِينٍ". قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ: مُطِرْنَا لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ فَوُكِفَ الْمَسْجِدُ فِي مُصَلَّى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَقَدِ انْصَرَفَ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ وَوَجْهُهُ مُبْتَلٌّ طِينًا وَمَاءً. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ.
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to perform i'tikaf in the middle ten days of the month. When twenty nights had passed and the twenty-first was approaching, he would return to his dwelling, and those who were in i'tikaf with him would also return. Then, in one month in which he was in i'tikaf, he stayed on during the night in which he used to return, and he addressed the people and commanded them with whatever Allah willed. Then he said: "I used to perform i'tikaf in these ten days; then it became clear to me that I should perform i'tikaf in these last ten days. So whoever has performed i'tikaf with me, let him spend the night in his place of i'tikaf." And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I was shown this night, then I was made to forget it, so seek it in the odd nights of the last ten. And I saw myself prostrating in water and mud."
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Rain fell on us on the night of the twenty-first, and the mosque leaked at the place where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed. I looked at him when he had finished the Fajr prayer, and his face was wet with mud and water.
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Rain fell on us on the night of the twenty-first, and the mosque leaked at the place where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed. I looked at him when he had finished the Fajr prayer, and his face was wet with mud and water.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ نَصْرٍ، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، ثنا الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْهَادِ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِمَعْنَاهُ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَرَ.
Al-Darawardi narrates from Yazid bin al-Had (may Allah have mercy on him) that he narrated this hadith with the same meaning.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ السُّوسِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَوْفٍ، ثنا أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ، ثنا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، قَالَ: تَذَاكَرْنَا لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَقُمْتُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ أَلَا تَخْرُجُ بِنَا إِلَى النَّخْلِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ فَدَعَا بِخَمِيصَةٍ فَأَدْخَلَهَا عَلَيْهِ فَخَرَجْنَا فَقُلْتُ: هَلْ سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَذْكُرُ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، اعْتَكَفْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوْسَطَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ صَبِيحَةُ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ قَامَ فِينَا، فَقَالَ: " مَنْ كَانَ خَرَجَ فَلْيَرْجِعْ فَإِنِّي أُرِيتُ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ فَنَسِيتُهَا فَالْتَمِسُوهَا فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ فِي وِتْرٍ وَإِنِّي أُرِيتُ أَنِّي أَسْجُدُ فِي مَاءٍ وَطِينٍ ". وَمَا نَرَى فِي السَّمَاءِ قَزَعَةً فَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَثَارَتْ سَحَابَةٌ فَمُطِرْنَا حَتَّى سَالَ سَقْفُ الْمَسْجِدِ، وَسَقْفُهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِنْ جَرِيدِ النَّخْلِ فَرَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَسْجُدُ فِي الطِّينِ وَالْمَاءِ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ أَثَرَ الطِّينِ عَلَى أَرْنَبَتِهِ وَجَبْهَتِهِ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُغِيرَةِ.
Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates: We were discussing Laylat al-Qadr among a group of Quraysh, so I got up and went to Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: O Abu Sa'id! Will you not come out with us to the palm grove? He said: Yes. He called for a striped woollen cloak and wrapped it around himself, and we went out. I said: Did you hear the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mention Laylat al-Qadr? He said: Yes. We performed i'tikaf with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the middle ten days of Ramadan. On the morning of the twentieth of Ramadan he stood among us and said: "Whoever has gone out, let him return, for I was shown Laylat al-Qadr and then forgot it, so seek it in the odd nights of the last ten. And I was shown that I was prostrating in water and mud." We could not see a single wisp of cloud in the sky. Then the iqamah for the prayer was called, a cloud rose up, and rain fell on us until the roof of the mosque streamed, and their roof in those days was made of palm branches. I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prostrating in mud and water, until I saw the trace of mud on the tip of his nose and on his forehead.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ، وَابْنُ مِلْحَانَ، قَالَا: ثنا يَحْيَى هُوَ ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ ثنا اللَّيْثُ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، ثنا الْفِرْيَابِيُّ، ثنا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ثنا اللَّيْثُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَعَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: إِنْ كُنْتُ لَأَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ لِلْحَاجَةِ وَالْمَرِيضُ فِيهِ فَمَا أَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ إِلَّا وَأَنَا مَارَّةٌ، وَإِنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيُدْخِلُ عَلَيَّ رَأْسَهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَأُرَجِّلُهُ وَكَانَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ إِلَّا لِحَاجَةٍ إِنْ كَانَ مُعْتَكِفًا. ⦗٥٢٦⦘ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ إِنْ كَانُوا مُعْتَكِفِينَ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ جَمِيعًا فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ إِلَّا أَنَّ الْبُخَارِيَّ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَهَا فِي الْمَرِيضِ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), narrates: I would not enter (the house) except for a need, and if I came across a sick person while passing, I would ask after him. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would put his blessed head out towards me while he (peace and blessings be upon him) was in the mosque, and I would comb it; and he (peace and blessings be upon him) would not enter the house except for a need when he (peace and blessings be upon him) was in i'tikaf.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ عُبَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى تَوَفَّاهُ اللهُ ثُمَّ اعْتَكَفَ أَزْوَاجُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَالسُّنَّةُ فِي الْمُعْتَكِفِ أَنْ لَا يَخْرُجَ إِلَّا لِحَاجَتِهِ الَّتِي لَا بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْهَا، وَلَا يَعُودُ مَرِيضًا وَلَا يَمَسُّ امْرَأَتَهُ وَلَا يُبَاشِرُهَا، وَلَا اعْتِكَافَ إِلَّا فِي مَسْجِدِ جَمَاعَةٍ وَالسُّنَّةُ فِيمَنِ اعْتَكَفَ أَنْ يَصُومَ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to perform i'tikaf in the last ten days of Ramadan until Allah took him in death; then his wives performed i'tikaf after him (peace and blessings be upon him).
The sunnah of i'tikaf is that the mu'takif does not go out except for an unavoidable need, does not visit the sick, does not touch a woman nor have intimate relations, and does not perform i'tikaf except in a congregational mosque; and it is also for the mu'takif that he fasts.
The sunnah of i'tikaf is that the mu'takif does not go out except for an unavoidable need, does not visit the sick, does not touch a woman nor have intimate relations, and does not perform i'tikaf except in a congregational mosque; and it is also for the mu'takif that he fasts.
