السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصيام
Book of Fasting
باب: رواية من روى هذا الحديث مقيدة بوقوع وطئه في صوم رمضان وفيها دلالة على أن هذه القصة غير قصة المظاهر، فإن وطء المظاهر وقع ليلا في القمر
The narration of those who reported this hadith specifying that the intercourse took place during the fast of Ramadan, which indicates this incident is different from that of the man who made zihar, whose intercourse took place at night in the moonlight
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمُزَنِيُّ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى، ثنا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنِي شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: بَيْنَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَلَكْتُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَا لَكَ؟ " قَالَ: وَقَعْتُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِي وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " هَلْ تَجِدُ رَقَبَةً تُعْتِقُهَا؟ " فَقَالَ: لَا، فَقَالَ: " فَهَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ؟ " قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَهَلْ تَجِدُ إِطْعَامَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا؟ " قَالَ: لَا، فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ أُتِيَ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ تَمْرٌ، وَالْعَرَقُ الْمِكْتَلُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَيْنَ السَّائِلُ آنِفًا، خُذْ هَذَا التَّمْرَ فَتَصَدَّقْ "، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: أَعَلَى أَفْقَرَ مِنِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، فَوَاللهِ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا، يُرِيدُ الْحَرَّتَيْنِ، أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ أَفْقَرُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي، قَالَ: فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى بَدَتْ أَنْيَابُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " أَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ ". رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي الْيَمَانِ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man came and said: O Messenger of Allah! I am ruined. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "What has happened?" He said: I had intercourse with my wife while I was fasting. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you have a slave whom you can free?" He said: No. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Are you able to fast two consecutive months?" He said: No. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you have the means to feed sixty poor people?" He said: No. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) fell silent. Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We were still with him (peace and blessings be upon him) when a basket of dates was brought to him (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Take this and give it in charity." He said: O Messenger of Allah! Who is more in need than me? By Allah, there is no one between these two mountains more in need than my family. The narrator said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled until his (peace and blessings be upon him) molar teeth became visible, and he said: "Go and feed it to your family."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ الْإِسْكَنْدَرَانِيُّ بِمَكَّةَ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ هَاشِمِ بْنِ مَرْثَدٍ، ثنا دُحَيْمٌ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُسْلِمٍ، ثنا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، حدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَلَكْتُ، قَالَ: " وَيْحَكَ وَمَا ذَاكَ "؟ قَالَ: وَقَعْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي فِي يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، قَالَ: " أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً "، قَالَ: مَا أَجِدُهَا، قَالَ: " فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ "، قَالَ: مَا أَسْتَطِيعُ، قَالَ: " أَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا "، قَالَ: مَا أَجِدُ، قَالَ: فَأُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ تَمْرٌ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا، قَالَ: " خُذْهُ فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ "، قَالَ: عَلَى أَفْقَرَ مِنْ أَهْلِي، فَوَاللهِ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَحْوَجُ مِنْ أَهْلِي، قَالَ: فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى بَدَتْ أَنْيَابُهُ، قَالَ: " خُذْهُ وَاسْتَغْفَرِ اللهَ، وَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ "، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، وَالْهَقْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، وَمَسْرُورُ بْنُ صَدَقَةَ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ غَيْرَ أَنَّ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ جَعَلَ قَوْلَهُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنْ رِوَايَةِ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، وَأَدْرَجَهُ هِقْلٌ وَمَسْرُورٌ فِي الْحَدِيثِ، كَمَا أَخْرَجَهُ دُحَيْمٌ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A man said: O Messenger of Allah! I am ruined. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Woe to you! How so?" He said: I had intercourse with my wife in the month of Ramadan. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Free a slave." He said: I cannot find one. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then fast two consecutive months." He said: I do not have the strength for it. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then feed sixty poor people." He said: I do not have the means. Then a basket of dates was brought to him (peace and blessings be upon him), which would have held fifteen sa'. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take it and give it in charity." He said: To people more in need than my family? By Allah, there is no one between these two mountains more in need than me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled until his (peace and blessings be upon him) molar teeth became visible. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take it, seek forgiveness, and feed it to your own family." However, Abdullah bin al-Mubarak made the words "fifteen sa'" part of the narration of Amr bin Shu'ayb, while Hiql and Masrur inserted them into the hadith.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الزَّاهِدُ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْجُنَيْدِ الرَّازِيُّ وَأَنَا سَأَلْتُهُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، ثنا عَنْبَسَةُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ نَجَادِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، ابْنُ أَخِي يُونُسَ، ثنا يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، يَقُولُ: أَتَى رَجُلٌ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ ⦗٣٧٩⦘ اللهِ، هَلَكْتُ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " وَيْحَكَ وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ " قَالَ: إِنِّي وَقَعْتُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِي وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ فِي رَمَضَانَ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " هَلْ تَجِدُ رَقَبَةً تُعْتِقُهَا؟ " قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَهَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ؟ " قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: " فَهَلْ تَجِدُ طَعَامَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا؟ " قَالَ: لَا، فَسَكَتَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ إِذْ أُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ تَمْرٌ، فَقَالَ: " أَيْنَ الرَّجُلُ آنِفًا، خُذْ هَذَا فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ " قَالَ: عَلَى أَفْقَرَ مِنْ أَهْلِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، وَاللهِ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ أَفْقَرُ مِنَّا، قَالَ: فَضَحِكَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى بَدَتْ أَنْيَابُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " أَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ " وَبِمَعْنَاهُ رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ مُسَافِرٍ، وَالنُّعْمَانُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ نَمِرٍ، وَصَالِحُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَخْضَرِ، وَغَيْرُهُمْ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَاتَّفَقَتْ رِوَايَةُ جَمَاعَتِهِمْ، وَرِوَايَةُ مَنْ سَمَّيْنَاهُمْ فِي الْبَابِ قَبْلَهُ عَلَى أَنَّ فِطْرَ الرَّجُلِ وَقَعَ بِجِمَاعٍ، وَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَ بِالْكَفَّارَةِ عَلَى اللَّفْظِ الَّذِي يَقْتَضِي التَّرْتِيبَ، وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُقَيَّدًا بَالْوَطْءِ فِي رَمَضَانَ نَهَارًا.
Humayd bin Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates: I heard Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) say that a man came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah! I am ruined." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Woe to you! How so?" He said: "I was fasting in Ramadan and had intercourse with my wife." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you have a slave whom you can free?" He said: "No." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Are you able to fast two consecutive months?" He said: "No." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you have the means to feed sixty poor people?" He said: "No." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) fell silent. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We were sitting in that state when a basket of dates was brought to him (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Where is the man who was here just now?" And he said: "Take this and give it in charity." He said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! To those who are more in need than me? By Allah, there is no one between the two mountains more in need than me." He (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled until his (peace and blessings be upon him) molar teeth became visible. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Feed it to your household."
Others also narrated it from al-Zuhri with the same meaning. The narration of all of them, and the narration of those we named in the previous chapter, agree that the man's breaking of the fast occurred through intercourse, and that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the expiation in wording that requires a fixed order. And it is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), restricted to intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan.
Others also narrated it from al-Zuhri with the same meaning. The narration of all of them, and the narration of those we named in the previous chapter, agree that the man's breaking of the fast occurred through intercourse, and that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the expiation in wording that requires a fixed order. And it is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), restricted to intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا ابْنُ مِلْحَانَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا اللَّيْثُ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْفَقِيهُ إِمْلَاءً مِنْ أَصْلِ كِتَابِهِ، ثنا أَبُو عِمْرَانَ مُوسَى بْنُ سَهْلٍ الْجُوَيْنِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الرُّمْحِ، أنبأ اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: احْتَرَقْتُ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لِمَ " قَالَ: وَطِئْتُ امْرَأَتِي فِي رَمَضَانَ نَهَارًا، قَالَ: " تَصَدَّقْ تَصَدَّقْ " قَالَ: مَا عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ، فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَجْلِسَ، فَجَاءَهُ عَرَقَانِ فِيهِمَا طَعَامٌ، فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ، لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الرُّمْحِ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ يَحْيَى بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ: فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثَ، فَجَاءَهُ عَرَقٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الرُّمْحِ. وَرِوَايَةُ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ فِي الْعَرَقِ أَصَحُّ لِمُوَافَقَتِهَا سَائِرَ الرِّوَايَاتِ عَنِ اللَّيْثِ، وَرِوَايَةُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ الثَّقَفِيِّ وَيَزِيدَ بْنِ هَارُونَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said that a man came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: I am ruined, O Messenger of Allah! He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Why?" He said: I had intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give charity, give charity." He said: I have nothing. He (peace and blessings be upon him) told him to sit down; then two baskets containing food were brought to him (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that they be given in charity. In one narration it says that he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to wait, then a basket of food came to him (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give this in charity."
The narration of Ibn Bukayr regarding the basket is more authentic, because it agrees with all the other narrations from al-Layth and with the narration of Abd al-Wahhab al-Thaqafi and Yazid bin Harun from Yahya bin Sa'id.
The narration of Ibn Bukayr regarding the basket is more authentic, because it agrees with all the other narrations from al-Layth and with the narration of Abd al-Wahhab al-Thaqafi and Yazid bin Harun from Yahya bin Sa'id.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَمْشَاذٍ الْعَدْلُ، أنبأ بِشْرُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ، حدَّثَهُمْ، قَالَ: ثنا شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ: أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَنْتِفُ شَعْرَهُ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ: أَتَيْتُ أَهْلِيَ فِي رَمَضَانَ، فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ كَفَّارَةَ الظِّهَارِ، ⦗٣٨٠⦘ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ شُعْبَةُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ.
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said that a Bedouin came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), pulling out his hair, and said: "O Messenger of Allah! I went in to my wife in Ramadan." So he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to pay the expiation of zihar.
