السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الزكاة
Book of Zakah
باب: من قال يترك لرب الحائط قدر ما يأكل هو وأهله وما يعري المساكين منها لا يخرص عليه
Those who said the owner of the orchard is left what he and his family eat and what he gives to the poor, and this is not estimated against him
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وَذَكَرَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُولُ لِلْخَرْصِ: " لَا تَخْرُصُوا الْعَرَايَا ".
Abu Bakr bin Muhammad bin Amr bin Hazm (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say to the estimator: "The 'araya (palms given as gifts) are not to be estimated."
قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ الْقَدَّاحُ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ فُطَيْرٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَخْرُصُ الْعَرَايَا، وَلَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَهُمَا مُرْسَلَانِ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِيهِ حَدِيثٌ مَوْصُولٌ.
Ibn Jurayj relates from Futayr al-Ansari that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not estimate the 'araya (palms given as gifts), nor did Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both).
Both of these are mursal, and a connected (mawsul) hadith has been narrated on this.
Both of these are mursal, and a connected (mawsul) hadith has been narrated on this.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ، ثنا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، فِي كِتَابِ السُّنَنِ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ خُبَيْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: جَاءَ سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ إِلَى مَجْلِسِنَا قَالَ: أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِذَا خَرَصْتُمْ فَخُذُوا وَدَعُوا الثُّلُثَ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَدَعُوا الثُّلُثَ فَدَعُوا الرُّبُعَ ".
Abd al-Rahman bin Mas'ud says: Sahl bin Abi Hathmah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to our gathering and said: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded me: "When you estimate, leave a third; and if you do not leave a third, then leave a quarter."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ وَارَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَاصِمُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْعُمَرِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُغِيثٍ الْجُرَشِيُّ، عَنِ الصَّلْتِ بْنِ زُبَيْدٍ الْمَدِينِيِّ، سَمِعْتُهُ يُحَدِّثُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَلَى الْخَرْصِ، فَقَالَ: " اثْبِتْ لَنَا النِّصْفَ وَأَبْقِ لَهُمُ النِّصْفَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَسْرِقُونَ وَلَا يَصِلُ إِلَيْهِمْ "، قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ: قَدْ ثَبَتَ عِنْدَنَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " اثْبِتْ لَنَا الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَأَبْقِ لَهُمُ الثُّلُثَ " قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ مَجْهُوَلٌ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِيهِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ.
Al-Salt bin Zubayd al-Madini relates from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed him to estimate (the produce) and said to him: "Record half for us and leave half for them, for they suffer theft and it does not (all) reach them."
Muhammad said: I narrated this hadith to Ubaydullah bin Umar, and he said: It is established with us that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Record two thirds for us and leave a third for them."
This chain is majhul (contains unknown narrators); and something on this has been narrated from Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him).
Muhammad said: I narrated this hadith to Ubaydullah bin Umar, and he said: It is established with us that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Record two thirds for us and leave a third for them."
This chain is majhul (contains unknown narrators); and something on this has been narrated from Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو صَالِحِ بْنُ أَبِي طَاهِرٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ ابْنِ بِنْتِ يَحْيَى بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ الْقَاضِي، أنبأ جَدِّي، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو كَشْمَرْدَ، ثنا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ هُوَ ابْنُ بِلَالٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، كَانَ يَبْعَثُ أَبَا حَثْمَةَ خَارِصًا يَخْرُصُ النَّخْلَ، فَيَأْمُرُهُ إِذَا وَجَدَ الْقَوْمَ فِي حَائِطِهِمْ يَخْرُصُونَهُ أَنْ يَدَعَ لَهُمْ مَا يَأْكُلُونَهُ فَلَا يَخْرُصُهُ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْقَدْيمِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى مَوْصُولًا.
Bushayr bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) used to send Abu Hathmah (may Allah be pleased with him) as an estimator to estimate the date palms, and he would instruct him: When you find the people in their orchard, leave for them what they eat and do not estimate it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، أنبأ أَبُو الْمُثَنَّى، ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بَعَثَهُ عَلَى خَرْصِ التَّمْرِ، وَقَالَ: " إِذَا أَتَيْتَ أَرْضًا فَاخْرُصْهَا وَدَعْ لَهَا قَدْرَ مَا يَأْكُلُونَ " وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهُ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مُرْسَلًا.
Sayyiduna Sahl bin Abi Hathmah (may Allah be pleased with him) says that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) sent him to estimate the dates and said: When you come to a land, estimate it and leave for them as much as they eat.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ حَيَّانَ، ثنا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ، ثنا أَبُو عَامِرٍ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، ثنا أَبُو عَمْرٍو يَعْنِي الْأَوْزَاعِيَّ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " خَفِّفُوا عَلَى النَّاسِ فِي الْخَرْصِ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ الْعَرِيَّةَ وَالْوَطِيَّةَ وَالْأَكَلَةَ " قَالَ الْوَلِيدُ: قُلْتُ: لِأَبِي عَمْرٍو وَمَا الْعَرِيَّةُ؟ قَالَ: النَّخْلَةُ وَالنَّخْلَتَانِ وَالثَّلَاثُ ⦗٢٠٩⦘ يَمْنَحُهَا الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَاجَةِ، قُلْتُ: فَمَا الْأَكَلَةُ؟ قَالَ: أَهْلُ الْمَالِ يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْهُ رُطَبًا فَلَا يُخْرَصُ ذَلِكَ وَيُوضَعُ مِنْ خَرْصِهِ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: فَمَا الْوَطِيَّةُ؟ قَالَ: مَنْ يَغْشَاهُمْ وَيَزُورُهُمْ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَهَذَا اللَّفْظُ الَّذِي رَوَاهُ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي التَّخْفِيفِ قَدْ رَوَاهُ مَكْحُولٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلًا، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُسْنَدٌ بِإِسْنَادٍ غَيْرِ قَوِيٍّ.
Abu Amr al-Awza'i (may Allah have mercy on him) relates that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) would send (the estimators) and say: "Make it easy for them, for among (the produce) there is the 'ariyyah, the wati'ah and the akilah."
Al-Walid says: I said to Abu Amr: What is the 'ariyyah? He said: "One, two or three date palms which a man gives to a needy man." Then I said: What is the akilah? He said: "The owners of the property who eat fresh dates from it; that is not to be estimated, and it is deducted from its estimate." I said: What is the wati'ah? He said: "Those who visit them and call on them."
This wording about lightening (the estimate), which al-Awza'i narrated from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), has been narrated by Makhul from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in mursal form, and a musnad hadith has been narrated on this with a chain that is not strong.
Al-Walid says: I said to Abu Amr: What is the 'ariyyah? He said: "One, two or three date palms which a man gives to a needy man." Then I said: What is the akilah? He said: "The owners of the property who eat fresh dates from it; that is not to be estimated, and it is deducted from its estimate." I said: What is the wati'ah? He said: "Those who visit them and call on them."
This wording about lightening (the estimate), which al-Awza'i narrated from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), has been narrated by Makhul from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in mursal form, and a musnad hadith has been narrated on this with a chain that is not strong.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، ثنا بَحْرُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، قَالَ: قُرِئَ عَلَى ابْنِ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَكَ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، وَالْقَاسِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ حَرَامِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَتِيقٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " احْتَاطُوا لِأَهْلِ الْأَمْوَالِ فِي الْوَاطِيَّةِ وَالْعَامِلَةِ وَالنَّوَائِبِ وَمَا وَجَبَ فِي التَّمْرِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ ".
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Be considerate (take care) of the owners of property with regard to visiting guests, workers, misfortunes, and the due that is obligatory on the dates."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ، ثنا شُرَيْحُ بْنُ عَقِيلٍ، ثنا أَبُو مَرْوَانَ الْعُثْمَانِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ حَرَامِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَمُحَمَّدٍ ابْنَيْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِمَا، فَذَكَرَهُ مَرْفُوعًا وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَدِيثٍ مُرْسَلٍ لَيْسَ فِي الْعَرَايَا صَدَقَةٌ.
Haram bin Uthman relates from Abd al-Rahman and Muhammad, the sons of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), from their father, the same hadith as marfu' (from the Prophet).
And it has been narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in a mursal hadith: "There is no zakah on the 'araya (palms given as gifts)."
And it has been narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in a mursal hadith: "There is no zakah on the 'araya (palms given as gifts)."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو صَالِحِ بْنُ أَبِي طَاهِرٍ، أنبأ جَدِّي يَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُمَارَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُمَارَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ، وَأَشَارَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِكَفِّهِ بِخَمْسِ أَصَابِعَ: " لَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ أَوَاقٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَلَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ صَدَقَةٌ، وَلَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ صَدَقَةٌ ". وَزَادَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَلَيْسَ فِي الْعَرَايَا صَدَقَةٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ ⦗٢١٠⦘ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ يَرْوِي حَدِيثَ الْأَوَاقِ وَالْأَوْسَاقِ وَالْأَذْوَادِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، فَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ تَكُونَ هَذِهِ الزِّيَادَةُ مَعَهَا فِي الْحَدِيثِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he pointed with the five fingers of his hand: "There is no zakah on less than five uqiyahs, there is no zakah on less than five wasqs, and there is no zakah on less than five camels." And he also narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "There is no zakah on the gifted dates ('araya)."
The Shaykh said: Muhammad bin Yahya bin Habban narrates the hadith of the uqiyahs, wasqs and camels from Yahya bin Umarah from Abu Sa'id, so it is possible that this addition was together with it in the hadith; and Allah knows best.
The Shaykh said: Muhammad bin Yahya bin Habban narrates the hadith of the uqiyahs, wasqs and camels from Yahya bin Umarah from Abu Sa'id, so it is possible that this addition was together with it in the hadith; and Allah knows best.
