السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجنائز
Book of Funerals
باب: من يكون أولى بغسل الميت
Who has the most right to wash the deceased
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْعَقَبِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوْحٍ الْمَدَائِنِيُّ، ثنا سَوَادَةُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ نُبَيْطٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ نُبَيْطٍ، عَنْ نُبَيْطِ بْنِ شَرِيطٍ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ مِنْ أَجْزَعِ النَّاسِ كُلِّهِمْ عَلَيْهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ: فَقَالُوا، يَعْنِي لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: يَا صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللهِ، أَمَاتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ قَالَ: " نَعَمْ، مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ "، فَقَالُوا: يَا صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، مَنْ يُغَسِّلُهُ؟ قَالَ: " رِجَالُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ، الْأَدْنَى فَالْأَدْنَى " قَالُوا: يَا صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللهِ، فَأَيْنَ تَدْفِنُهُ؟ قَالَ: " ادْفِنُوهُ فِي الْبُقْعَةِ الَّتِي قَبَضَهُ اللهُ فِيهَا، لَمْ يَقْبِضْهُ إِلَّا فِي أَحَبِّ الْبِقَاعِ إِلَيْهِ ".
Sayyiduna Salim bin Ubayd al-Ashja'i (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, the most distressed of all the people was Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). They said to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): O Companion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Has the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away? He said: Yes, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has passed away. They said: O Companion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Who will wash him (peace and blessings be upon him)? He said: The close members of his (peace and blessings be upon him) household. Then the people said: O Companion of the Messenger of Allah! Where will he (peace and blessings be upon him) be buried? He said: Bury him (peace and blessings be upon him) in the very place where his (peace and blessings be upon him) soul was taken; he (peace and blessings be upon him) was taken in the place beloved to him.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَسِيدُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: " غُسِّلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَلَاثًا بِالسِّدْرِ، وَغُسِّلَ وَعَلَيْهِ قَمِيصٌ، وَغُسِّلَ مِنْ بِئْرٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ الْغَرْسُ بِقُبَاءَ كَانَتْ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ خَيْثَمَةَ، وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَشْرَبُ مِنْهَا، وَوَلَّى سُفْلَتَهُ عَلِيٌّ وَالْفَضْلُ مُحْتَضِنُهُ وَالْعَبَّاسُ يَصُبُّ الْمَاءَ، فَجَعَلَ الْفَضْلُ يَقُولُ: " أَرِحْنِي، قَطَعْتَ وَتِينِي، إِنِّي لَأَجِدُ شَيْئًا يَتَرَطَّلُ عَلَيَّ ".
Muhammad bin Ali (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was washed three times with lote-tree leaves (sidr); he (peace and blessings be upon him) was washed while wearing a shirt; and he (peace and blessings be upon him) was washed with the water of al-Ghars, a well at Quba that belonged to Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Khaythamah (may Allah be pleased with him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) used to drink its water. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) took charge of washing his (peace and blessings be upon him) lower body, Sayyiduna al-Fadl (may Allah be pleased with them both) held him against his chest, and Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) was pouring the water. Sayyiduna al-Fadl (may Allah be pleased with them both) began saying: Relieve me, you have cut my aorta; I feel something heavy pressing down on me.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ الْحَجَّاجِ حَدَّثَهُمْ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا سَلَّامُ بْنُ أَبِي مُطِيعٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْجَزَّارِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ وَلِيَ غُسْلَ مَيِّتٍ فَأَدَّى فِيهِ الْأَمَانَةَ، يَعْنِي: يَسْتُرُ مَا يَكُونُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ، كَانَ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ كَيَوْمِ وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ " قَالَتْ: وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لِيَلِهِ أَقْرَبُكُمْ مِنْهُ إِنْ كَانَ يَعْلَمُ، فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَرَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ تَدْرُونَ أَنَّ عِنْدَهُ وَرَعًا وَأَمَانَةً ".
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever takes charge of washing a deceased person should fulfil the trust in it, that is, conceal whatever there is in it; he will become as pure of his sins as though his mother had given birth to him today." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one in charge of it should be his closest relative, if he knows (how); if his closest relative does not know, then someone about whom you know that he will take care of the trust."
