السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب صلاة الخسوف
Book of the Eclipse Prayer
باب: من أجاز أن يصلى في الخسوف ركعتين في كل ركعة ثلاث ركوعات
Those who permitted praying two rak'ahs during an eclipse with three bowings in each rak'ah
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو صَالِحِ ابْنُ أَبِي طَاهِرٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، أنبأ جَدِّي يَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الْقَاضِي، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَطَاءً يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عُبَيْدَ بْنَ عُمَيْرٍ يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ أُصَدِّقُ يُرِيدُ عَائِشَةَ: " أَنَّ الشَّمْسَ انْكَسَفَتْ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَامَ قِيَامًا شَدِيدًا، يَقُومُ قِيَامًا ثُمَّ يَرْكَعُ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ ثُمَّ يَرْكَعُ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ ثُمَّ يَرْكَعُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فِي ثَلَاثِ رُكُوعَاتٍ وَأَرْبَعِ سَجَدَاتٍ، فَانْصَرَفَ وَقَدْ تَجَلَّتِ الشَّمْسُ، وَكَانَ إِذَا رَكَعَ قَالَ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ ثُمَّ يَرْكَعُ، وَإِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ قَالَ: " سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ" فَقَامَ فَحَمِدَ اللهُ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ لَا يَنْكَسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَلَا لِحَيَاتِهِ، وَلَكِنَّهُمَا مِنْ آيَاتِ اللهِ يُخَوِّفُ اللهُ بِهِمَا، فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ كُسُوفًا فَاذْكُرُوا اللهَ حَتَّى يَنْجَلِيَ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ: حَسِبْتُهُ يُرِيدُ عَائِشَةَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ وَجَمَاعَةٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ يُرِيدُ عَائِشَةَ.
Ubayd bin Umayr relates that Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: When the sun was eclipsed in the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood for a long time. He (peace and blessings be upon him) stood, then bowed, then stood, then bowed, then stood; then he (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed two rak'ahs with three bowings and four prostrations. Then he gave the salam, and the sun had become bright. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) bowed, he would say: 'Allahu akbar' (Allah is the Greatest), then bow; and when he raised his head from the bowing, he would say: 'Sami' Allahu liman hamidah' (Allah hears the one who praises Him). Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood and praised and extolled Allah, then said: "The sun and the moon are not eclipsed for anyone's death or life; rather, they are signs of Allah through which Allah, the Lord of Might, causes fear. When you see an eclipse, remember Allah until it clears."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو صَالِحِ بْنُ أَبِي طَاهِرٍ، أنبأ جَدِّي يَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ جَمِيعًا عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، وَهَذَا حَدِيثُ إِسْحَاقَ، وَقَالَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: " صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سِتَّ رَكَعَاتٍ فِي أَرْبَعِ سَجَدَاتٍ ". قُلْتُ لِمُعَاذِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ: أَهُوَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، بِلَا شَكٍّ وَلَا مِرْيَةٍ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي غَسَّانَ الْمِسْمَعِيِّ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: قَتَادَةُ لَمْ يَشُكَّ فِي أَنَّهُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَقَدْ خَالَفَهُمَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ، فَرَوَاهُ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَأَخْبَرَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Ubayd bin Umayr narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) led a prayer with six bowings and four prostrations. I said to Mu'adh bin Hisham: Does she narrate it from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)? He said: Yes, there is no doubt about it.
Qatadah did not doubt that it is from Aishah. Abd al-Malik bin Abi Sulayman differed from them in its chain: he narrated it from Ata' bin Abi Rabah from Jabir bin Abdullah, and reported that this was on the day Ibrahim, the son of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), died.
Qatadah did not doubt that it is from Aishah. Abd al-Malik bin Abi Sulayman differed from them in its chain: he narrated it from Ata' bin Abi Rabah from Jabir bin Abdullah, and reported that this was on the day Ibrahim, the son of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), died.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْغَضَائِرِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الصُّولِيُّ إِمْلَاءً سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْأَشْعَثِ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: " كَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ ابْنُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: إِنَّمَا كَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِمَوْتِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ سِتَّ رَكَعَاتٍ فِي أَرْبَعِ سَجَدَاتٍ، كَبَّرَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ فَأَطَالَ الْقِرَاءَةَ، ثُمَّ رَكَعَ نَحْوًا مِمَّا قَامَ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَرَأَ دُونَ الْقِرَاءَةِ الْأُولَى، ثُمَّ رَكَعَ نَحْوًا مِمَّا قَامَ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَرَأَ الْقِرَاءَةَ الثَّالِثَةَ دُونَ الْقِرَاءَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ، ثُمَّ رَكَعَ نَحْوًا مِمَّا قَامَ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَانْحَدَرَ لِلسُّجُودِ فَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ قَامَ فَرَكَعَ ثَلَاثَ رَكَعَاتٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْجُدَ، لَيْسَ فِيهَا رَكْعَةٌ إِلَّا الَّتِي قَبْلَهَا أَطْوَلُ مِنْهَا، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ رُكُوعُهُ نَحْوًا مِنْ قِيَامِهِ، ثُمَّ تَأَخَّرَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَتَأَخَّرَتِ الصُّفُوفُ مَعَهُ، ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ فَقَامَ فِي مَقَامِهِ وَتَقَدَّمْتُ الصُّفُوفُ مَعَهُ، فَقَضَى الصَّلَاةَ وَقَدْ طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ، فَقَالَ: " يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللهِ لَا يَنْكَسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ بَشَرٍ، فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَصَلُّوا حَتَّى تَنْجَلِيَ "..
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The sun was eclipsed in the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). This was the day on which Ibrahim, the son of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), died, and people said: This happened because of the death of Ibrahim. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up. He (peace and blessings be upon him) led a prayer with six bowings and four prostrations. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said the takbir, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited at length. Then he bowed for about as long.
Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his head from the bowing and recited somewhat less than the first recitation. Then he bowed for about as long as he had stood. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited a third time, less than the second recitation. Then he bowed for about as long as the standing. Then he raised his head from the bowing and went down into prostration. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) performed two prostrations. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood. He (peace and blessings be upon him) performed three bowings before prostrating, each bowing being longer than the one after it, and his bowing was about as long as his standing. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) moved back during the prayer, and the rows moved back as well. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) moved forward and stood in his place, and the rows moved forward with him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) completed the prayer, and the sun had become bright. He said: "O people! The sun and the moon are two of the signs of Allah; they do not lose their light because of the death of any human being. When you see anything like that, pray until it clears."
Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his head from the bowing and recited somewhat less than the first recitation. Then he bowed for about as long as he had stood. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited a third time, less than the second recitation. Then he bowed for about as long as the standing. Then he raised his head from the bowing and went down into prostration. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) performed two prostrations. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood. He (peace and blessings be upon him) performed three bowings before prostrating, each bowing being longer than the one after it, and his bowing was about as long as his standing. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) moved back during the prayer, and the rows moved back as well. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) moved forward and stood in his place, and the rows moved forward with him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) completed the prayer, and the sun had become bright. He said: "O people! The sun and the moon are two of the signs of Allah; they do not lose their light because of the death of any human being. When you see anything like that, pray until it clears."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكَعْبِيُّ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ،. ح وَأنبأ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَرُكُوعُهُ نَحْوٌ مِنْ سُجُودِهِ وَزَادَ فِي تَأَخُّرِ الصُّفُوفِ قَالَ: حَتَّى إِذَا انْتَهَى إِلَى النِّسَاءِ، ثُمَّ زَادَ فِي آخِرِ الْحَدِيثِ: " مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ تُوعَدُونَهُ إِلَّا وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ فِي صَلَاتِي هَذِهِ حَتَّى جِيءَ بِالنَّارِ وَذَلِكَ حِينَ رَأَيْتُمُونِي تَأَخَّرْتُ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يُصِيبَنِي مِنْ لَفْحِهَا، وَحَتَّى رَأَيْتُ فِيهَا صَاحِبَ الْمِحْجَنِ يَجُرُّ قُصْبَهُ فِي النَّارِ، كَانَ يَسْرِقُ مَتَاعَ الْحُجَّاجِ بِمِحْجَنِهِ، فَإِنْ فُطِنَ لَهُ قَالَ إِنَّهُ تَعَلَّقَ بِمِحْجَنِي، وَإِنْ غُفِلَ عَنْهُ ذَهَبَ، وَحَتَّى رَأَيْتُ فِيهَا صَاحِبَةَ الْهِرَّةِ الَّتِي رَبَطَتْهَا فَلَمْ تُطْعِمْهَا وَلَمْ تَدَعْهَا تَأْكُلُ مِنْ خَشَاشِ الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ جُوعًا، ثُمَّ جِيءَ بِالْجَنَّةِ، وَذَلِكُمْ حِينَ رَأَيْتُمُونِي تَقَدَّمْتُ حَتَّى قُمْتُ فِي مَقَامِي، وَلَقَدْ مَدَدْتُ يَدِي وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَنَاوَلَ مِنْ ثَمَرِهَا لِتَنْظُرُوا إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ بَدَا لِي أَنْ لَا أَفْعَلَ، فَمَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ تُوعَدُونَهُ إِلَّا قَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ فِي صَلَاتِي هَذِهِ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: مَنْ نَظَرَ فِي هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ وَفِي الْقِصَّةِ الَّتِي رَوَاهَا أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَلِمَ أَنَّهَا قِصَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ، وَأَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ الَّتِي أَخْبَرَ عَنْهَا إِنَّمَا فَعَلَهَا يَوْمَ تُوُفِّيَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ ابْنُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَقَدِ اتَّفَقَتْ رِوَايَةُ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَعَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، وَرِوَايَةُ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ وَكَثِيرِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، وَرِوَايَةُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ ⦗٤٥٦⦘ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، وَرِوَايَةُ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّمَا صَلَّاهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ رُكُوعَيْنِ"، وَفِي حِكَايَةِ أَكْثَرِهِمْ قَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ: " إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللهِ، لَا تَنْخَسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَلَا لِحَيَاتِهِ" دَلَالَةً عَلَى أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا صَلَّاهَا يَوْمَ تُوُفِّيَ ابْنُهُ، فَخَطَبَ وَقَالَ هَذِهِ الْمَقَالَةَ رَدًّا لِقَوْلِهِمْ: إِنَّمَا كَسَفَتْ لِمَوْتِهِ، وَفِي اتِّفَاقِ هَؤُلَاءِ الْعَدَدِ مَعَ فَضْلِ حِفْظِهِمْ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَزِدْ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ عَلَى رُكُوعَيْنِ، كَمَا ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبُخَارِيُّ رَحِمَهُمَا اللهُ تَعَالَى.
(a) Abd al-Malik narrated the same meaning with his chain, and he said that his (peace and blessings be upon him) bowing was about as long as his prostration. He added that the rows moved back so far that they reached the women. At the end of the hadith there is the addition: "There is nothing that you have been promised but I have seen it in this prayer of mine. Hell was brought, and that was when you saw me moving back out of fear that its blaze might reach me, until I saw in it the man with the crooked staff dragging his intestines in Hell. He used to steal the belongings of the pilgrims with his crooked staff; if he was noticed, he would say: It got caught on my staff, and if he went unnoticed, he would take it away. And I saw in Hell the woman of the cat, who tied it up and neither fed it nor let it go free to live on the vermin of the earth, until it died of hunger. Then Paradise was brought, and that was when you saw me moving forward until I stood in my place. I stretched out my hand wishing to take some of its fruit so that you could look at it, then it occurred to me not to do so. There is nothing that you have been promised but I have seen it in this prayer of mine."
The Shaykh says: Whoever reflects on this account and on the account that Abu al-Zubayr narrated from Jabir will know that it is one and the same incident, and that the prayer he described was offered on the day Ibrahim (may Allah be pleased with him), the son of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), died.
(b) The narrations of Urwah bin al-Zubayr and Amrah bint Abd al-Rahman from Aishah, of Ata' bin Yasar and Kathir bin Abbas from Ibn Abbas, of Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman from Abdullah bin Amr, and of Abu al-Zubayr from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with them) all agree that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed it as two rak'ahs, with two bowings in each rak'ah.
(c) In the account of most of them is his (peace and blessings be upon him) statement that day: "The sun and the moon are two of the signs of Allah; they do not lose their light for anyone's death or life." This shows that he prayed it on the day his son died, and that he gave the sermon and said these words in refutation of their saying that it was eclipsed because of his death. The agreement of this number of narrators, together with the excellence of their memory, shows that he did not perform more than two bowings in any rak'ah, as al-Shafi'i and Muhammad bin Isma'il al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on them both) held.
The Shaykh says: Whoever reflects on this account and on the account that Abu al-Zubayr narrated from Jabir will know that it is one and the same incident, and that the prayer he described was offered on the day Ibrahim (may Allah be pleased with him), the son of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), died.
(b) The narrations of Urwah bin al-Zubayr and Amrah bint Abd al-Rahman from Aishah, of Ata' bin Yasar and Kathir bin Abbas from Ibn Abbas, of Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman from Abdullah bin Amr, and of Abu al-Zubayr from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with them) all agree that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed it as two rak'ahs, with two bowings in each rak'ah.
(c) In the account of most of them is his (peace and blessings be upon him) statement that day: "The sun and the moon are two of the signs of Allah; they do not lose their light for anyone's death or life." This shows that he prayed it on the day his son died, and that he gave the sermon and said these words in refutation of their saying that it was eclipsed because of his death. The agreement of this number of narrators, together with the excellence of their memory, shows that he did not perform more than two bowings in any rak'ah, as al-Shafi'i and Muhammad bin Isma'il al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on them both) held.
