السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجمعة
Book of Friday
باب: من قال برد السلام وتشميت العاطس
Those who held that one returns the salam and responds to one who sneezes
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا الْبَاغِنْدِيُّ، ثنا قَبِيصَةُ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَشْعَثَ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّعْثَاءِ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ: " أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِسَبْعٍ وَنَهَانَا عَنْ سَبْعٍ أَمَرَنَا بِعِيَادَةِ الْمَرِيضِ، وَاتِّبَاعِ الْجَنَائِزِ، وَرَدِّ السَّلَامِ، وَإِجَابَةِ الدَّاعِي، وَإِبْرَارِ الْقَسَمِ، وَتَشْمِيتِ الْعَاطِسِ، وَنَصْرِ الْمَظْلُومِ، وَنَهَانَا عَنْ خَاتَمِ الذَّهَبِ، وَعَنِ الشُّرْبِ فِي آنِيَةِ الْفِضَّةِ، وَعَنِ الْحَرِيرِ، وَالدِّيبَاجِ، وَالْإِسْتَبْرَقِ، وَالْقَسِّيِّ، وَالْمِيثَرَةِ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ قَبِيصَةِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ.
Sayyiduna al-Bara' bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded us seven things and forbade us seven things: he commanded "visiting the sick, attending funerals, returning the greeting of salam, accepting invitations, fulfilling oaths, responding to one who sneezes, and helping the oppressed"; and he forbade "wearing a gold ring, drinking from silver vessels, wearing every kind of silk, sitting on silk cushions, and using red silk saddle-cloths."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ قُرَيْشٍ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا فَيَّاضُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ ⦗٣١٦⦘ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " خَمْسَةٌ تَجِبُ لِلْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى أَخِيهِ: رَدُّ السَّلَامِ، وَتَشْمِيتُ الْعَاطِسِ، وَعِيَادَةُ الْمَرِيضِ، وَاتِّبَاعُ الْجِنَازَةِ، وَإِجَابَةُ الدَّعْوَةِ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ الْبُخَارِيُّ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Five things are the right of a Muslim over a Muslim: returning the greeting of salam, responding to one who sneezes, visiting the sick, attending the funeral, and accepting an invitation."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي وَغَيْرُهُ، قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ إِبْرَاهِيمُ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِذَا عَطَسَ الرَّجُلُ وَالْإِمَامُ يَخْطُبُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَيُشَمَّتُ " وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ، وَعَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ فِي رَدِّ السَّلَامِ، وَعَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ فِي تَشْمِيتِ الْعَاطِسِ وَرَدِّ السَّلَامِ وَرُوِيَ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ كَرِهَهُ، وَيُذْكَرُ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي السَّلَامِ: يَرُدُّ فِي نَفْسِهِ، وَسُئِلَ عَنِ التَّشْمِيتِ فَنَهَى عَنْهُ، وَعَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ فِي السَّلَامِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَرُدُّ إِيمَاءً وَلَا يَتَكَلَّمُ ".
(a) Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When a man sneezes while the imam is delivering the sermon on Friday, respond to him."
This is mursal.
(b) This is also narrated from al-Hasan as his own statement; from Salim bin Abdullah regarding returning the greeting of salam; and from Ibrahim al-Nakha'i regarding responding to the sneezer and returning the salam, and it is also narrated from him that he disliked it. It is mentioned that Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said regarding the salam: "He should return it within himself," and when he was asked about responding to the sneezer, he forbade it. And Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him), regarding the salam, used to return it by gesture and would not speak.
This is mursal.
(b) This is also narrated from al-Hasan as his own statement; from Salim bin Abdullah regarding returning the greeting of salam; and from Ibrahim al-Nakha'i regarding responding to the sneezer and returning the salam, and it is also narrated from him that he disliked it. It is mentioned that Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said regarding the salam: "He should return it within himself," and when he was asked about responding to the sneezer, he forbade it. And Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him), regarding the salam, used to return it by gesture and would not speak.
