السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
باب: من لم ير وجوب سجدة التلاوة
One who did not hold the prostration of recitation to be obligatory
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خُصَيْفَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ قُسَيْطٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ أَنَّهُ قَرَأَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالنَّجْمِ إِذَا هَوَى " فَلَمْ يَسْجُدْ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ.
Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I recited Surah al-Najm before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not prostrate.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْمُقْرِئُ أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْقَاضِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَجَدَ فِي النَّجْمِ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ إِلَّا رَجُلَيْنِ أَرَادَا أَنْ يُشْهَرَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: وَالرِّجْلَانِ لَا يَدَعَانِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ الْفَرْضَ وَلَوْ تَرَكَاهُ أَمْرَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِإِعَادَتِهِ، وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ زَيْدٍ فَهُوَ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ، أَنَّ زَيْدًا لَمْ يَسْجُدْ، وَهُوَ الْقَارِئُ فَلَمْ يَسْجُدِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فَرْضًا فَيَأْمُرَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِهِ، وَاحْتُجَّ بِمَا مَضَى مِنْ حَدِيثِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي فَرْضِ خَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهَا؟ قَالَ: " لَا، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ.
(a) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prostrated in Surah al-Najm, and all the people prostrated with him (peace and blessings be upon him) except two men. Those two wanted to make themselves conspicuous (by not prostrating).
(b) Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Those two men would not have abandoned an obligation; and had they abandoned it, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would certainly have ordered them to repeat it.
As for the hadith of Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) was the one reciting. When the reciter did not prostrate, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not prostrate either; and had it been obligatory, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would have ordered him to prostrate as well.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) argued from the earlier hadith of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the obligation of the five prayers, in which a man asked whether any other prayer (besides these five) was obligatory, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No, unless you do voluntary worship."
(b) Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Those two men would not have abandoned an obligation; and had they abandoned it, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would certainly have ordered them to repeat it.
As for the hadith of Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) was the one reciting. When the reciter did not prostrate, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not prostrate either; and had it been obligatory, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would have ordered him to prostrate as well.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) argued from the earlier hadith of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the obligation of the five prayers, in which a man asked whether any other prayer (besides these five) was obligatory, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No, unless you do voluntary worship."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْأَذْرَمِيُّ، ثنا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ التَّيْمِيَّ، أَخْبَرَهُ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ: قَرَأَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ سُورَةَ النَّحْلِ حَتَّى إِذَا جَاءَتِ السَّجْدَةُ نَزَلَ فَسَجَدَ وَسَجَدَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتِ الْجُمُعَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ قَرَأَ بِهَا حَتَّى إِذَا جَاءَتِ السَّجْدَةُ قَالَ: " يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّا لَمْ نُؤْمَرْ بِالسُّجُودِ فَمَنْ سَجَدَ فَقَدْ أَصَابَ، وَأَحْسَنَ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْجُدْ فَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ: وَلَمْ يَسْجُدْ عُمَرُ " قَالَ: وَزَادَ نَافِعٌ: إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَمْ يَفْرِضْ عَلَيْنَا السُّجُودَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَشَاءُ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ بِمَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَزَادَ نَافِعٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ: إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمْ يَفْرِضِ السُّجُودَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَشَاءَ، وَشَاهِدُهُ الْمُرْسَلُ الَّذِي.
It is narrated from Rabi'ah bin Abdullah (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) recited Surah al-Nahl on Friday (on the pulpit). When the verse of prostration, "And to Allah prostrates whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth" [Surah al-Nahl: 49], came, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came down from the pulpit and prostrated, and the people prostrated too. On the following Friday he recited the same surah again, and when he reached the verse of prostration he said: O people, we have not been commanded to prostrate; so whoever prostrates has done well and has done what is right, and whoever does not prostrate, there is no sin upon him. And Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) did not prostrate. Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) added: Your Lord has not made the prostration of recitation obligatory upon us, but has left it to our choice.
(b) This is through the chain of Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him). At its end is this addition: Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Allah has not made the prostrations of recitation obligatory upon us, except that if we wish, we may perform them.
(b) This is through the chain of Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him). At its end is this addition: Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Allah has not made the prostrations of recitation obligatory upon us, except that if we wish, we may perform them.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، وَأَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ قَالَا: أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ نُجَيْدٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْعَبْدِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَرَأَ السَّجْدَةَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَنَزَلَ فَسَجَدَ وَسَجَدُوا مَعَهُ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ الْأُخْرَى فَتَهَيَّئُوا لِلسُّجُودِ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: عَلَى رِسْلِكُمْ، إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمْ يَكْتُبْهَا عَلَيْنَا إِلَّا أَنْ نَشَاءَ، فَقَرَأَهَا وَلَمْ يَسْجُدْ، وَمَنَعَهُمْ أَنْ يَسْجُدُوا قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: وَقِيلَ لِعِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ: الرَّجُلُ يَسْمَعُ السَّجْدَةَ وَلَمْ يَجْلِسْ لَهَا قَالَ: أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ قَعَدَ لَهَا كَأَنَّهُ لَا يُوجِبُهُ عَلَيْهِ.
(a) Hisham bin Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) recited a verse of prostration on the pulpit on Friday, so he came down from the pulpit and prostrated, and the people prostrated with him. Then on the following Friday he recited the same verse of prostration; the people got ready to prostrate, whereupon Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Wait a moment; Allah Almighty has not made these prostrations obligatory upon us, rather they depend on our choice. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) recited the verse of prostration but did not prostrate, and he also stopped the people from prostrating.
(b) Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Someone said to Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him): A man hears a verse of prostration although he had not sat down to listen to it; what should he do? He said: Then what do you think if he had sat down for it? It was as if he did not consider it obligatory upon him.
(b) Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Someone said to Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him): A man hears a verse of prostration although he had not sat down to listen to it; what should he do? He said: Then what do you think if he had sat down for it? It was as if he did not consider it obligatory upon him.
وَفِي رِوَايَةِ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا عَنْ سُجُودِ الْقُرْآنِ فَقَالَتْ: " حَقُّ اللهِ تُؤَدِّيهِ أَوْ تَطَوُّعٌ تَطَوَّعُهُ، وَمَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يَسْجُدُ لِلَّهِ سَجْدَةً إِلَّا رَفَعَهُ اللهُ بِهَا دَرَجَةً أَوْ حَطَّ عَنْهُ بِهَا خَطِيئَةً أَوْ جَمَعَهُمَا لَهُ كِلْتَيْهِمَا " أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ الْعِرَاقِيُّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، فَذَكَرَهُ.
In the narration of Sufyan al-Thawri (may Allah have mercy on him), Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I asked Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) about the prostrations of the Qur'an, and she said: "It is a right of Allah which you fulfil, or a voluntary act which you perform voluntarily. There is no Muslim who makes a single prostration to Allah but that Allah Almighty raises him a degree by it, or removes a sin from him by it, or combines both for him."
