السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
باب: تأخير الظهر في شدة الحر
Delaying Zuhr in intense heat
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا أَبُو سَهْلِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْقَطَّانُ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْقَاضِي ثنا عَلِيٌّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ ثنا الزُّهْرِيُّ ⦗٦٤٢⦘ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا بِالصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ وَاشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَقَالَتْ: رَبِّ آكُلُ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ نَفَسٌ فِي الشِّتَاءِ وَنَفَسٌ فِي الصَّيْفِ فَهُوَ أَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ مِنَ الْحَرِّ وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ مِنَ الزَّمْهَرِيرِ ".
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the heat is intense, pray the prayer when it is cooler (delay it), for the intensity of the heat comes from the breath of Hell. The Fire (of Hell) complained to its Lord and said: 'O Allah, parts of me are devouring other parts.' So Allah permitted it two breaths, one breath in winter and one breath in summer, and the severe heat and cold that you feel are because of this."
وَأَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ مِنَ الْحَرِّ فَمِنْ حَرِّهَا وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ مِنَ الْبَرْدِ فَمَنْ زَمْهَرِيرِهَا " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمَدِينِيِّ.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sufyan narrated a similar report to us through al-Zuhri, except that it has these words, that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The intense heat that you feel is from its (Hell's) heat, and the severe cold that you feel is from its cold."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ وَقُتَيْبَةُ أَنَّ اللَّيْثَ حَدَّثَهُمْ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَأَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ " قَالَ ابْنُ مَوْهَبٍ: بِالصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ.
Abu Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the heat is severe, cool off the prayer (that is, delay it) (they transmitted the words 'an al-salah, whereas Ibn Mawhab transmitted the words bi al-salah), for the intensity of the heat comes from the breath of Hell."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ الْقَاضِي ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ مَوْلَى الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَعَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِذَا كَانَ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ " وَذَكَرَ أَنَّ النَّارَ اشْتَكَتْ إِلَى رَبِّهَا عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَأَذِنَ لَهَا فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ بِنَفَسَيْنِ نَفْسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ ⦗٦٤٣⦘ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ مُوسَى، عَنْ مَعْنِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ فِي الْقَدِيمِ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When it is hot, pray the prayer when it has cooled, for the intensity of the heat is due to the breath of Hell. And (also) Hell pleaded before its Lord, so Allah Almighty granted it permission to take two breaths every year, one breath in winter and the other in summer."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ زَيْدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْعَلَوِيُّ وَأَبُو مُحَمَّدِ جَنَاحُ بْنُ نَذِيرِ بْنِ جَنَاحٍ الْقَاضِي بِالْكُوفَةِ قَالَ: أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ دُحَيْمٍ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْعَبْسِيُّ ثنا وَكِيعُ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَبْرِدُوا بِالظُّهْرِ فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ " أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ بَعْضُهَا رِوَايَةٌ بَعْضُهَا إِشَارَةٌ وَأَخْرَجَهُ أَيْضًا مِنْ حَدِيثِ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pray Zuhr when it has cooled, for (indeed) the intensity of the heat is due to the breath of Hell."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ ثنا شُعْبَةُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ وَهْبٍ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ يَقُولُ: كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَرَادَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ الظُّهْرَ فَقَالَ: " أَبْرِدْ " ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ فَقَالَ: " أَبْرِدْ " مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا فَيْءَ التُّلُولِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " إِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ، فَإِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا بِالصَّلَاةِ " قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ هُوَ مُهَاجِرٌ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ، وَكَذَا قَالَ جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ " فَأَرَادَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ أَنْ يُؤَذِّنَ ".
(a) Abu al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Zayd bin Wahb (may Allah have mercy on him) say: I heard Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) say: Once we were with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the muezzin wanted to give the call to prayer for Zuhr, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the muezzin: "Abrid," that is, "Wait for now, delay it." (After a while) the muezzin again intended to give the call to prayer, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Wait." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said this two or three times, until we saw the shadows of the small mounds. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The intensity of the heat is due to the breath of Hell; when the heat is severe, pray the prayer when it has cooled."
(b) It is narrated from Shu'bah (may Allah have mercy on him) that the muezzin intended to give the call to prayer.
(b) It is narrated from Shu'bah (may Allah have mercy on him) that the muezzin intended to give the call to prayer.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ عَبْدَانَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ ثنا الْأَسْفَاطِيُّ ثنا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ يَقُولُ: إِنَّهُ كَانَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَفَرٍ فَأَذَّنَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَبْرِدْ " وَذَكَرَهُ، وَكَذَلِكَ قَالَهُ غُنْدَرٌ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ.
Abu al-Walid mentioned, with his chain, that he heard Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) say that he was with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on a journey. The muezzin gave the call to prayer, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Let it cool (that is, wait a little)." Then he mentioned the complete hadith. Ghundar also narrated it from Shu'bah in the same way.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَالْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ قَالَا: ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ مُهَاجِرٍ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ زَيْدَ بْنَ وَهْبٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: أَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الظُّهْرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَبْرِدْ أَبْرِدْ " وَقَالَ: " انْتَظِرِ انْتَظِرْ " وَقَالَ: " إِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ فَإِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ " قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا فَيْءَ التُّلُولِ ⦗٦٤٤⦘ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى وَفِي هَذَا كَالدِّلَالَةِ عَلَى أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ بِالْإِبْرَادَ كَانَ بَعْدَ التَّأْذِينِ وَأَنَّ الْأَذَانَ كَانَ فِي أَوَّلِ الْوَقْتِ.
(a) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) that the muezzin of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the call to prayer for Zuhr, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him the words "Abrid, abrid" and "Intazir, intazir," that is, "Wait." Then he said: "The intensity of the heat is from the breath of Hell. When the weather is very hot, delay the prayer and then pray it." Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: (It was delayed) so long that we saw the shadows of the small mounds.
(b) In this there is something like an indication that the order to wait for the cool came after the call to prayer, and that the call to prayer was given at the beginning of the time.
(b) In this there is something like an indication that the order to wait for the cool came after the call to prayer, and that the call to prayer was given at the beginning of the time.
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ فُورَكٍ لَفْظًا أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ حَمَّادٌ: وَحَدَّثَنِيهِ سَيَّارُ بْنُ سَلَامَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَرْزَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا: كَانَ بِلَالٌ يُؤَذِّنُ إِذَا دَلَكَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ: كَانَ بِلَالٌ يُؤَذِّنُ إِذَا دَحَضَتِ الشَّمْسُ ".
Hammad (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it through Simak bin Harb from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him), and Hammad said: Sayyar bin Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) also narrated this hadith to me from Abu Barzah al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him). One of them has the words that Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) used to give the call to prayer when the sun had declined, and the other has the words that Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) used to give the call to prayer when the sun began to decline towards the west.
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ ثنا يُونُسُ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا شَرِيكٌ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ: " كَانَ بِلَالٌ لَا يَحْذِمُ الْأَذَانَ وَكَانَ رُبَّمَا أَخَّرَ الْإِقَامَةَ شَيْئًا " وَقَدْ مَضَى قَوْلُهُ كَانَ بِلَالٌ يُؤَذِّنُ إِذَا دَحَضَتِ الشَّمْسُ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) did not delay the call to prayer (that is, he gave the call at the very beginning of the time). Yes, he would sometimes say the iqamah a little late. And a statement has already passed that Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) used to give the call to prayer when the sun had declined.
