السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
جماع أبواب المواقيت
s on the prayer times
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْحَافِظُ ثنا السِّرِّيُّ بْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ، ح. وَأنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ، أنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَخَّرَ الصَّلَاةَ يَوْمًا فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ أَخَّرَ الصَّلَاةَ يَوْمًا وَهُوَ بِالْكُوفَةِ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا يَا مُغِيرَةُ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: بِهَذَا أُمِرْتُ؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِعُرْوَةَ: انْظُرْ مَا تُحَدِّثُ يَا عُرْوَةُ أَوْ أَنَّ جِبْرِيلَ هُوَ أَقَامَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقْتَ الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: كَذَلِكَ كَانَ بَشِيرُ بْنُ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ عُرْوَةُ: وَلَقَدْ حَدَّثَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ زَوْجُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يُصَلِّي الْعَصْرَ وَالشَّمْسُ فِي حُجْرَتِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَظْهَرَ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى.
It is narrated from Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) delayed a prayer one day. Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) came in to him and informed him that Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) once delayed the prayer while he was in Kufah, whereupon Sayyiduna Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) came in to him and said: O Mughirah! What is this? Do you not know that Jibril (peace be upon him) came down and prayed, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed; then he prayed and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed; then he prayed and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed; then he prayed and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed; then he prayed and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed. Then he said: "This is what I was commanded." Umar (may Allah have mercy on him) said to Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him): O Urwah! Look at what you are narrating! Was it Jibril (peace be upon him) who fixed the time of prayer for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: That is how Bashir bin Abi Mas'ud (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates it from his father. Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray Asr while the sunlight was still in her room, before it had risen out of it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، إِمْلَاءً أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْبَصْرِيُّ بِمَكَّةَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَنَّ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ: عِنْدَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " نَزَلَ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَأَمَّنَا فَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَأَمَّنَا فَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَأَمَّنَا فَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى عَدَّ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ " فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ: اتَّقِ اللهَ وَانْظُرْ مَا تَقُولُ يَا عُرْوَةُ فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: أَخْبَرَنِي بَشِيرُ بْنُ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " نَزَلَ جِبْرِيلُ فَأَمَّنَا فَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَأَمَّنَا فَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ " حَتَّى عَدَّ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ الْجُمْهُورَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الزُّهْرِيِّ نَحْوَ مَعْمَرٍ وَشُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ وَاللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَغَيْرُهُمْ لَمْ يَذْكُرُوا الْوَقْتَ الَّذِي صَلَّى فِيهِ وَلَمْ يُفَسِّرُوهُ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ اللَّيْثِيُّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ زَادَ مَا أَخْبَرَهُ أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ عَمَّا رَآهُ يَصْنَعُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ.
It is narrated from Imam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) that Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said to Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Jibril (peace be upon him) came down and led us in prayer, and I prayed with him; then he came down and led us in prayer, and I prayed with him; then he came down and led us in prayer, and I prayed with him," until he counted five prayers. Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Fear Allah, O Urwah, and look at what you are saying! Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Bashir bin Abi Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) informed me from his father that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Jibril (peace be upon him) came down and led us in prayer, and I prayed with him; then he came down and led us in prayer, and I prayed with him," until he counted five prayers.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي أُسَامَةُ، أَنَّ ابْنَ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ كَانَ قَاعِدًا عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَأَخَّرَ الْعَصْرَ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ لَهُ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ: أَمَا إِنَّ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ⦗٥٣٥⦘ أَخْبَرَ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِوَقْتِ الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: أَعْلَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: سَمِعْتَ بَشِيرَ بْنَ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " نَزَلَ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَأَخْبَرَنِي بِوَقْتِ الصَّلَاةِ فَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ يَحْسِبُ بِأَصَابِعِهِ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ " وَرَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي الظُّهْرَ حِينَ تَزُولُ الشَّمْسُ وَرُبَّمَا أَخَّرَهَا حِينَ يَشْتَدُّ الْحَرُّ وَرَأَيْتُهُ يُصَلِّي الْعَصْرَ وَالشَّمْسُ مُرْتَفِعَةٌ بَيْضَاءُ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَدْخُلَهَا الصُّفْرَةُ فَيَنْصَرِفُ الرَّجُلُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ فَيَأْتِي ذَا الْحُلَيْفَةِ قَبْلَ غُرُوبِ الشَّمْسِ وَيُصَلِّي الْمَغْرِبَ حِينَ تَسْقُطُ الشَّمْسُ وَيُصَلِّي الْعِشَاءَ حِينَ يَسْوَدُّ الْأُفُقُ وَرُبَّمَا أَخَّرَهَا حَتَّى يَجْتَمِعَ النَّاسُ وَصَلَّى الصُّبْحَ بِغَلَسٍ ثُمَّ صَلَّى مَرَّةً أُخْرَى فَأَسْفَرَ بِهَا ثُمَّ كَانَتْ صَلَاتُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِغَلَسٍ حَتَّى مَاتَ لَمْ يَعْدُ إِلَى أَنْ يُسْفِرَ " وَتَفْسِيرُ كَيْفِيَّةِ صَلَاةِ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِالنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ حَزْمٍ وَهُوَ فِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَغَيْرِهِ.
Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) was sitting on the pulpit and delayed Asr somewhat. Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said to him: Jibril (peace be upon him) informed Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) of the time of prayer. Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) said to him: Consider what you are saying! Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Bashir bin Abi Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah have mercy on him) narrating from his father (Sayyiduna Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him)) that he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Jibril (peace be upon him) came down and informed me of the time of prayer; I prayed with him, then I prayed with him, then I prayed with him, then I prayed with him, then I prayed with him." He counted five prayers on his fingers. And I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): he (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed Zuhr when the sun had declined, and sometimes he delayed it when the heat became intense; and I saw him (peace and blessings be upon him): he (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed Asr while the sun was high and white, before any yellowness entered it, so that a man would finish the prayer and reach Dhu al-Hulayfah before sunset; and he would pray Maghrib when the sun had set, and pray Isha when the horizon turned black, and sometimes he (peace and blessings be upon him) delayed it until the people had gathered. He prayed Subh in the darkness before dawn, then once he prayed it in the light; after that his (peace and blessings be upon him) prayer was in the darkness until he (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) never went back to praying it in the light.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ ثنا الْفِرْيَابِيُّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حَكِيمِ بْنِ عَبَّادٍ عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَمَّنِي جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَرَّتَيْنِ عِنْدَ الْبَيْتِ فَصَلَّى بِيَ الظُّهْرَ حِينَ مَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَكَانَتْ بِقَدْرِ الشِّرَاكِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِيَ الْعَصْرَ حِينَ كَانَ ظِلُّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِثْلَهُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِيَ الْمَغْرِبَ حِينَ أَفْطَرَ الصَّائِمُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِيَ الْعِشَاءَ حِينَ غَابَ الشَّفَقُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِيَ الْفَجْرَ حِينَ حَرُمَ الطَّعَامُ وَالشَّرَابُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِيَ الظُّهْرَ مِنَ الْغَدِ حِينَ كَانَ ظِلُّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِثْلَ ظِلِّهِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِيَ الْعَصْرَ حِينَ كَانَ ظِلُّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِثْلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِيَ الْمَغْرِبَ حِينَ أَفْطَرَ الصَّائِمُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِيَ الْعِشَاءَ لَثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ الْأَوَّلِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِيَ الْفَجْرَ فَأَسْفَرَ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ هَذَا وَقْتُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَالْوَقْتُ فِيمَا بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ الْوَقْتَيْنِ ".
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Jibril (peace be upon him) led me in prayer twice near the House (of Allah). He led me in Zuhr when the sun had declined and (the shadow) was the size of a sandal strap; then he led me in Asr when the shadow of everything had become equal to it; then he led me in Maghrib when those fasting had broken their fast; then he led me in Isha when the redness of twilight had disappeared; then he led me in Subh when food and drink had become forbidden for the fasting person. Then the next day he led me in Zuhr when the shadow of everything had become equal to its (shadow); then he led me in Asr when the shadow of everything had become twice its length; then he led me in Maghrib when those fasting had broken their fast; then he led me in Isha in the first third of the night; then he led me in Fajr in the light, turned to me and said: 'O Muhammad! This is the time of the prophets before you (peace and blessings be upon him), and between these two times is (your) time.'"
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَيَّاشِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ الْمَخْزُومِيِّ، عَنْ حَكِيمٍ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، وَأَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ فِي قِصَّةِ إِمَامَةِ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَكَّةَ وَثَبَتَ عَنْ ⦗٥٣٦⦘ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ وَبُرَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحَصِيبِ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي مَوَاقِيتِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي غَيْرِ هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ وَنَحْنُ نَأْتِي عَلَى رِوَايَتِهَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى.
(a) Hakim narrated a report with the same meaning.
(b) The incident of Jibril (peace be upon him) leading the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in prayer has been narrated from Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), Abu Hurayrah and Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with them both). Other reports concerning the times of prayer, apart from this incident, are also established from Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), Buraydah bin al-Husayb and Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them).
(b) The incident of Jibril (peace be upon him) leading the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in prayer has been narrated from Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), Abu Hurayrah and Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with them both). Other reports concerning the times of prayer, apart from this incident, are also established from Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), Buraydah bin al-Husayb and Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them).
