السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
باب: فرائض الخمس
The five obligatory prayers
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أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَطَاءٍ الْخَفَّافَ، أنبأ سَعِيدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ صَعْصَعَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ الْمِعْرَاجِ وَفِيهَا قَالَ: " وَفُرِضَتْ عَلَيَّ خَمْسُونَ صَلَاةً كُلَّ يَوْمٍ - أَوْ قَالَ: أُمِرْتُ بِخَمْسِينَ صَلَاةٍ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ الشَّكُّ مِنْ سَعِيدٍ - فَجِئْتُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ عَلَى مُوسَى فَقَالَ لِي: بِمَا أُمِرْتَ؟ فَقُلْتُ: أُمِرْتُ بِخَمْسِينَ صَلَاةً كُلَّ يَوْمٍ قَالَ: إِنِّي قَدْ بَلَوْتُ النَّاسَ قَبْلَكَ وَعَالَجْتُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَشَدَّ الْمُعَالَجَةِ وَإِنَّ أُمَّتَكَ لَا يُطِيقُونَ ذَلِكَ فَارْجِعْ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَسَلْهُ التَّخْفِيفَ لِأُمَّتِكَ فَرَجَعْتُ فَحَطَّ عَنِّي خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فَمَا زِلْتُ أَخْتَلِفُ بَيْنَ رَبِّي وَبَيْنَ مُوسَى كُلَّمَا أَتَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لِي مِثْلَ مَقَالَتِهِ حَتَّى رَجَعْتُ بِخَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ فَلَمَّا أَتَيْتُ عَلَى مُوسَى قَالَ لِي: بِمَا أُمِرْتُ؟ قُلْتُ: بِخَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ قَالَ: إِنِّي بَلَوْتُ النَّاسَ قَبْلَكَ وَعَالَجْتُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَشَدَّ الْمُعَالَجَةِ وَإِنَّ أُمَّتَكَ لَا يُطِيقُونَ ذَلِكَ فَارْجِعْ إِلَى رَبِّكَ فَسَلْهُ التَّخْفِيفَ لِأُمَّتِكَ قُلْتُ: لَقَدْ رَجَعْتُ إِلَى ⦗٥٣٠⦘ رَبِّي حَتَّى اسْتَحْيَيْتُ وَلَكِنْ أَرْضَى وَأُسَلِّمُ قَالَ: فَنُودِيتُ أَوْ نَادَانِي مُنَادٍ - الشَّكُّ مِنْ سَعِيدٍ - أَنْ قَدْ أَمْضَيْتُ فَرِيضَتِي وَخَفَّفْتُ عَنْ عِبَادِي وَجَعَلْتُ بِكُلِّ حَسَنَةٍ عَشْرَ " أَمْثَالِهَا مُخَرَّجٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ.
Sayyiduna Malik bin Sa'sa'ah (may Allah be pleased with him), relating the account of the Mi'raj from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), says that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fifty prayers each day were made obligatory upon me", or he said: "I was ordered to perform fifty prayers each day" (Sa'id is in doubt). "I came to Musa (peace be upon him), and he said to me: What have you been ordered? I said: I have been ordered fifty prayers a day. He said: I have tested people before you and dealt with the Children of Israel most strenuously; your Ummah will not be able to bear it. Go back to your Lord and ask Him for lightening for your Ummah. I went back, and Allah Almighty reduced five prayers for me. I kept going back and forth between my Lord and Musa (peace be upon him); whenever I came to him, he said to me the like of what he had said before, until I returned with five prayers each day. When I came to Musa (peace be upon him), he said to me: What have you been ordered? I said: I have been ordered five prayers each day. He said: Before you I tested people and dealt with the Children of Israel most severely; your Ummah will certainly not be able to bear it. Go back to your Lord and ask Him for lightening for your Ummah. I said: I have gone back to my Lord until I feel shy, but I am content and I submit." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I was called out to, or a caller called out to me" (the narrator Sa'id is in doubt), "that: I have enacted My obligation, I have lightened it for My servants, and I have made every good deed (in its reward) worth ten like it."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يُونُسَ الْأُمَوِيُّ مِنْ أَصْلِ كِتَابِهِ، ثنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمُرَادِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلَالٍ ثنا شَرِيكُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي نَمِرٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يُحَدِّثُنَا عَنْ لَيْلَةِ أُسْرِيَ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ مَسْجِدِ الْكَعْبَةَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ: " فَأَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ مَا شَاءَ فِيمَا أَوْحَى خَمْسِينَ صَلَاةً عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ ثُمَّ هَبَطَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ مُوسَى فَاحْتَبَسَهُ فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا عَهِدَ إِلَيْكَ رَبُّكَ؟ قَالَ: عَهِدَ إِلِيَّ خَمْسِينَ صَلَاةً عَلَى أُمَّتِي كُلَّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ قَالَ: فَإِنَّ أُمَّتَكَ لَا تَسْتَطِيعُ فَارْجِعْ فَلْيُخَفِّفْ عَنْكَ وَعَنْهُمْ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلِيَّ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَأَنَّهُ يَسْتَشِيرُهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ نَعَمْ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَعَلَا بِهِ جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ: يَا رَبِّ خَفِّفْ عَنَّا فَإِنَّ أُمَّتِي لَا تَسْتَطِيعُ هَذَا فَوَضَعَ عَنْهُ عَشْرَ صَلَوَاتٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى مُوسَى فَاحْتَبَسَهُ وَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَرُدُّهُ مُوسَى إِلَى رَبِّهِ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى خَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ ثُمَّ احْتَبَسَهُ عِنْدَ الْخَامِسَةِ فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَدْ وَاللهِ رَاوَدْتُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى أَدْنَى مِنْ هَذِهِ الْخَمْسِ فَضَيَّعُوهُ وَتَرَكُوهُ وَأُمَّتُكَ أَضْعَفُ أَجْسَادًا وَقُلُوبًا وَأَبْصَارًا وَأَسْمَاعًا فَارْجِعْ فَلْيُخَفِّفْ عَنْكَ رَبُّكَ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَى جِبْرِيلَ لِيُشِيرَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَا يَكْرَهُ ذَلِكَ جِبْرِيلُ فَرَفَعَهُ عِنْدَ الْخَامِسَةِ فَقَالَ: يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ أُمَّتِي ضِعَافٌ أَجْسَادُهُمْ وَقُلُوبُهُمْ وَأَسْمَاعُهُمْ وَأَبْصَارُهُمْ فَخَفِّفْ عَنَّا فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَا يُبَدَّلُ الْقَوْلُ لَدِيَّ هِيَ كَمَا كُتِبَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي أُمِّ الْكِتَابِ وَلَكَ بِكُلِّ حَسَنَةٍ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا هِيَ خَمْسُونَ فِي أُمِّ الْكِتَابِ وَهِيَ خَمْسٌ عَلَيْكَ " وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بِلَالٍ وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ هَارُونَ الْأَيْلِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ.
Sharik bin Abdullah bin Abi Namir says: I heard Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrate the event of the night when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was taken on the Night Journey from the Masjid of the Ka'bah. There was revealed to him (peace and blessings be upon him) what Allah willed, and fifty prayers in each day and night were ordained upon his Ummah. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) descended, and when he reached Musa (peace be upon him), he stopped him and said: O Muhammad! What has your Lord enjoined upon you? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He has enjoined upon my Ummah fifty prayers in each day and night." He said: Your Ummah will not be able to bear it; go back and have your Lord lighten it. I looked towards Jibril (peace be upon him) as if seeking his counsel about it, and he indicated: Yes, if you wish. Jibril (peace be upon him) took him up, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O my Lord! Lighten it for us, for my Ummah will not be able to bear this." Allah reduced ten prayers. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) returned to Musa (peace be upon him), who stopped him, and Musa (peace be upon him) kept sending him (peace and blessings be upon him) back to Allah until the prayers became five. Then at the five he stopped him again and said: O Muhammad! By Allah, I urged the Children of Israel to do less than this, and they neglected it and abandoned it; and your Ummah is very weak in body and heart, in hearing and sight. Go back and ask your Lord for lightening. I looked towards Jibril (peace be upon him) to seek his counsel, and Jibril (peace be upon him) did not dislike it, and at the fifth time he raised the matter again. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O my Lord! Indeed my Ummah, their bodies, hearts, ears and eyes are weak; lighten it for us." Allah said: With Me the word is not changed; it is as it has been written in the Preserved Tablet, and for you every good deed is worth ten like it; in the Preserved Tablet they are fifty, and upon you they are five. Then he narrated the long hadith.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ مِنْ أَصْلِ كِتَابِهِ أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ الشَّافِعِيُّ، قَالَا: ثنا مَالِكٌ عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَبِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ، يَقُولُ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْدٍ ثَائِرَ الرَّأْسِ نَسْمَعُ دَوِيَّ صَوْتِهِ وَلَا نَفْقَهُ مَا يَقُولُ حَتَّى دَنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِذَا هُوَ يَسْأَلُ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ " فَقَالَ: هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهُنَّ؟ قَالَ: " لَا، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ " فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " وَصِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ " قَالَ: هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهُ؟ قَالَ: " لَا، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ " قَالَ: وَذَكَرَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ: هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهَا؟ قَالَ: " لَا، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ " فَأَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: وَاللهِ لَا أَزِيدُ عَلَى هَذَاِ وَلَا أَنْقُصُ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَفْلَحَ إِنْ صَدَقَ " قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ وَذَكَرَ الصَّدَقَةَ فَقَالَ: هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهَا مُخَرَّجٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ.
The father of Abu Suhayl bin Malik heard Sayyiduna Talhah bin Ubaydullah (may Allah be pleased with him) say: A man from the people of Najd, with dishevelled hair, came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). We could hear the humming of his voice but could not understand what he was saying, until he came close to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked about Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Five prayers in the day and night." He said: Is there anything else upon me besides them? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No, unless you pray voluntarily." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "And fasting the month of Ramadan." He said: Is there anything else upon me besides it? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No, unless you fast voluntarily." The narrator says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also mentioned zakah to him. He said: Is there anything else upon me besides it? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Unless you give voluntary charity." The man turned away, saying: By Allah, I will neither do more than this nor less. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He has succeeded, if he has spoken the truth."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، أنبأ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، ثنا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الضَّرِيرُ ثنا حَمَّادٌ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُحَيْرِيزٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ كِنَانَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ كَتَبَهُنَّ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ فَمَنْ وَافَى بِهِنَّ وَلَمْ يُضَيِّعْهُنَّ كَانَ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللهِ عَهْدٌ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَهُ وَأَنْ يُدْخِلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَمَنْ لَمْ يُوَافِ بِهِنَّ اسْتِخْفَافًا بِحَقِّهِنَّ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللهِ عَهْدٌ إِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ غَفَرَ لَهُ " وَقَالَ مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ فِي هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ يُدْعَى الْمُخْدَجِيَّ.
Abdullah bin Muhayriz reports from a man of Banu Kinanah, who says: I heard Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) say: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Five prayers Allah Almighty has prescribed upon His servants. Whoever fulfils them and does not neglect them has a covenant with Allah that He will forgive him and admit him into Paradise.
And whoever does not fulfil them, treating their right lightly, has no covenant with Allah: if He wills He will punish him, and if He wills He will forgive him."
And whoever does not fulfil them, treating their right lightly, has no covenant with Allah: if He wills He will punish him, and if He wills He will forgive him."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، أنا ابْنُ مِلْحَانَ ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ ثنا اللَّيْثُ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْهَادِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَنَّ نَهْرًا بِبَابِ أَحَدِكُمْ يَغْتَسِلُ مِنْهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ مَا تَقُولُونَ يَبْقَى مِنْ دَرَنِهِ؟ " قَالُوا: لَا يُبْقِي مِنْ دَرَنِهِ شَيْئًا قَالَ: " فَذَلِكَ مِثْلُ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ يَمْحُو اللهُ بِهِنَّ الْخَطَايَا " ⦗٥٣٢⦘ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ قُتَيْبَةُ عَنِ اللَّيْثِ وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيِّ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ الْهَادِ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Tell me, if there were a river at the door of one of you and he bathed in it five times every day, would any of his dirt remain?" They said: Not a trace of his dirt would remain. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That is the likeness of the five prayers; through them Allah Almighty wipes out sins."
