السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الطهارة
Book of Purification
باب: طهارة الماء المستعمل
The purity of used water
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، ثنا أَبُو عُمَرَ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ أَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ، قَالَ: " خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْهَاجِرَةِ فَصَلَّى بِالْبَطْحَاءِ الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَنَصَبَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ عَنْزَةً وَتَوَضَّأَ فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَتَمَسَّحُونَ بِوَضُوئِهِ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ.
Sayyiduna Abu Juhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went out at midday. He (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed two rak'ahs each of Zuhr and Asr at a place called al-Batha', planted a spear in front of himself and performed ablution, and the people began to wipe themselves with the leftover water of his (peace and blessings be upon him) ablution.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الثَّقَفِيُّ وَأَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى وَاللَّفْظُ لِلثَّقَفِيِّ قَالَا: ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، أنا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا، يَقُولُ: " كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُونِي وَأَنَا مَرِيضٌ لَا أَعْقِلُ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَصَبَّ عَلَيَّ مِنْ وَضُوئِهِ فَعَقَلْتُ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لِمَنِ الْمِيرَاثُ، إِنَّمَا يَرِثُنِي كَلَالَةً فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْفَرَائِضِ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مَنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ.
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When I was ill, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to visit me. At that time I was not conscious. He (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution and poured the leftover water of his ablution on me, and I regained consciousness. I said: "O Messenger of Allah, for whom is my inheritance? My heir is kalalah (one without parents or children)." Then the verse of the shares of inheritance was revealed.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ، ثنا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، ثنا زَائِدَةُ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ، عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ مَيْمُونَةَ، فَذَكَرَتْ غُسْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: " فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ تَنَحَّى فَغَسَلَ رِجْلَيْهِ فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ مِلْحَفَةً فَأَبَى فَجَعَلَ يَنْفُضُ الْمَاءَ بِيَدِهِ " أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ زَائِدَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ.
Sayyidah Maymunah (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned the ritual bath (ghusl) of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said that when he (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished, he moved aside and washed his feet. I gave him (peace and blessings be upon him) a cloth, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) declined it; he (peace and blessings be upon him) was wiping the water off with his hand.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو حَازِمٍ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الثَّقَفِيُّ، ثنا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ثنا رِشْدِينُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زِيَادِ بْنِ ⦗٣٦٠⦘ أَنْعَمَ، عَنْ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ نُسَيٍّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ غُنَيْمٍ، عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا تَوَضَّأَ مَسَحَ وَجْهَهُ بِطَرْفِ ثَوْبِهِ قَالَ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا رَجَاءٍ يَقُولُ: سَأَلَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَكَتَبَهُ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَإِسْنَادُهُ لَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: رُبَّمَا لَمْ يَجِدْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ الْمَنْدِيلَ فَيَمْسَحُ وَجْهَهُ بِثَوْبِهِ.
(a) Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); whenever he performed ablution, he would wipe his face with the edge of his garment.
(b) Abu al-Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Abu Raja' (may Allah have mercy on him) say that Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal (may Allah have mercy on him) asked me about this hadith, and he wrote it down. The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Its chain is not strong.
(c) It is narrated from Yunus bin Ubayd (may Allah have mercy on him) that sometimes Muhammad bin Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) too would not use a towel to wipe his face.
(b) Abu al-Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I heard Abu Raja' (may Allah have mercy on him) say that Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal (may Allah have mercy on him) asked me about this hadith, and he wrote it down. The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Its chain is not strong.
(c) It is narrated from Yunus bin Ubayd (may Allah have mercy on him) that sometimes Muhammad bin Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) too would not use a towel to wipe his face.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، أنا الرَّبِيعُ، قَالَ: قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: فَمِنْ أَيْنَ لَمْ يَكُنْ نَجِسًا؟ قِيلَ: مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَوَضَّأَ وَلَا شَكَّ أَنَّ مِنَ الْوُضُوءِ مَا يُصِيبُ ثِيَابَهُ وَلَمْ يُعْلَمْ غَسْلُ ثِيَابِهِ مَنْهُ وَلَا أَبْدَلَهَا وَلَا عَلِمْتُهُ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَحَدٌ مَنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَكَانَ مَعْقُولًا إِذْ لَمْ تَمَسَّ الْمَاءَ نَجَاسَةٌ أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْجُسُ.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: If someone says, "From where (do you know) that it did not become impure?" it will be said to him: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution, and there is no doubt that some of the ablution water fell on his clothes, and it is not known that he washed his clothes because of it, nor that he changed them, and I do not know of anyone among the Muslims who did that. It is understood that when no impurity touches water, it does not become impure.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ، ثنا أَبُو الْجُمَاهِرِ، ثنا سَعِيدٌ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَغْتَسِلُ فِي الْإِنَاءِ فَيَنْتَضِحُ مِنَ الَّذِي يُصَبُّ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْإِنَاءِ، قَالَ: " إِنَّ الْمَاءَ طَهُورٌ وَلَا يُطَهَّرُ ".
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said, concerning a man who bathes in a vessel and is splashed by the water poured on him in the vessel: Water is purifying, and it is not itself made in need of purification.
