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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الشهادات
Book of Testimonies
باب: الاختيار في الإشهاد
Chapter: Choosing witnesses
Bayhaqi 20520 — Choosing witnesses
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا بَكَّارُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ الْقَاضِي، بِمِصْرَ، ثنا صَفْوَانُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْقَاضِي، ثنا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي ذُبَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَمَّا خَلَقَ اللهُ آدَمَ وَنَفَخَ فِيهِ الرُّوحَ عَطَسَ، فَقَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ بِإِذْنِ اللهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَبُّهُ: " رَحِمَكَ رَبُّكَ يَا آدَمُ "، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا آدَمُ اذْهَبْ إِلَى أُولَئِكَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ، إِلَى مَلَأٍ ⦗٢٤٨⦘ مِنْهُمْ جُلُوسٍ، فَقُلِ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ "، فَذَهَبَ، قَالُوا: وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى رَبِّهِ فَقَالَ: " هَذِهِ تَحِيَّتُكَ، وَتَحِيَّةُ بَنِيكَ وَبَنِيهِمْ "، وَقَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى، لَهُ وَيَدَاهُ مَقْبُوضَتَانِ: " اخْتَرْ أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتَ "، فَقَالَ: اخْتَرْتُ يَمِينَ رَبِّي - وَكِلْتَا يَدَيْ رَبِّي يَمِينٌ مُبَارَكَةٌ، ثُمَّ بَسَطَهَا، فَإِذَا فِيهَا آدَمُ وَذُرِّيَّتُهُ، فَقَالَ: أَيْ رَبِّ، مَا هَؤُلَاءِ؟ قَالَ: " هَؤُلَاءِ ذُرِّيَّتُكَ "، فَإِذَا كُلُّ إِنْسَانٍ مَكْتُوبٌ عُمُرُهُ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ، وَإِذَا فِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ أَضْوَأُهُمْ، أَوْ قَالَ: مِنْ أَضْوَئِهِمْ، لَمْ يُكْتَبْ لَهُ إِلَّا أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً، فَقَالَ: أَيْ رَبِّ، زِدْ فِي عُمُرِهِ، قَالَ: " ذَاكَ الَّذِي كُتِبَ لَهُ "، قَالَ: فَإِنِّي قَدْ جَعَلْتُ لَهُ مِنْ عُمُرِي سِتِّينَ سَنَةً، قَالَ: " أَنْتَ وَذَاكَ "، قَالَ: ثُمَّ أُسْكِنَ الْجَنَّةَ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ، ثُمَّ أُهْبِطَ مِنْهَا، وَكَانَ آدَمُ يَعُدُّ لِنَفْسِهِ، فَأَتَاهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ آدَمُ: قَدْ عَجَّلْتَ، قَدْ كُتِبَتْ لِي أَلْفُ سَنَةٍ، قَالَ: بَلَى، وَلَكِنَّكَ جَعَلْتَ لِابْنِكَ دَاوُدَ مِنْهَا سِتِّينَ سَنَةً، فَجَحَدَ، فَجَحَدَتْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ، وَنَسِيَ فَنَسِيَتْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ، فَيَوْمَئِذٍ أُمِرَ بِالْكِتَابِ وَالشُّهُودِ ".
Hadrat Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When Allah created Adam and breathed the soul into him, he sneezed and said: 'Alhamdulillah' (All praise is for Allah). He praised Allah by Allah's permission. Allah Almighty said: 'Yarhamuka rabbuk' (May your Lord have mercy on you). Allah Almighty said: O Adam! Go to that group of angels sitting in a gathering and greet them with salam. He went, and they said: 'Wa 'alaykumus-salamu wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh' (And upon you be peace, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings).
Then he returned to his Lord. Allah Almighty said: This is your greeting and theirs. And Allah Almighty said, while both His hands were closed: Choose whichever you wish. He said: I choose the right hand of my Lord, and both of my Lord's hands are right and blessed. Then He opened it, and in it were Adam and his offspring. He said: O my Lord! What is this? He said: Your offspring. Each person's lifespan was written between his two eyes.
Among them was one man whose forehead was the brightest, and for his life only forty years were written. He said: O Allah! Increase his life. Allah Almighty said: This is all the life he has. He said: Give him sixty years of my life. Allah Almighty said: That is a matter between you and him. Then he stayed in Paradise as long as Allah willed, then he descended from it. Hadrat Adam kept counting his years. When the angel of death came, Adam said: You have come early; my life is a thousand years. The angel said: Certainly; but you gave sixty years to your son Dawud. So he denied it, and his offspring also deny. Adam forgot, so his offspring also forget. From that day, writing and taking witnesses were commanded."
Then he returned to his Lord. Allah Almighty said: This is your greeting and theirs. And Allah Almighty said, while both His hands were closed: Choose whichever you wish. He said: I choose the right hand of my Lord, and both of my Lord's hands are right and blessed. Then He opened it, and in it were Adam and his offspring. He said: O my Lord! What is this? He said: Your offspring. Each person's lifespan was written between his two eyes.
Among them was one man whose forehead was the brightest, and for his life only forty years were written. He said: O Allah! Increase his life. Allah Almighty said: This is all the life he has. He said: Give him sixty years of my life. Allah Almighty said: That is a matter between you and him. Then he stayed in Paradise as long as Allah willed, then he descended from it. Hadrat Adam kept counting his years. When the angel of death came, Adam said: You have come early; my life is a thousand years. The angel said: Certainly; but you gave sixty years to your son Dawud. So he denied it, and his offspring also deny. Adam forgot, so his offspring also forget. From that day, writing and taking witnesses were commanded."
