Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الضحايا
Book of Sacrifices
باب: ما يحل للمضطر من مال الغير
Chapter: What of another's property is lawful for one in dire need
Bayhaqi 19665 — What of another's property is lawful for one in dire
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْقَاضِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُمَيْرٍ مَوْلَى آبِي اللَّحْمِ، قَالَ: أَقْبَلْتُ مَعَ سَادَتِي، نُرِيدُ الْهِجْرَةَ، حَتَّى إِذَا دَنَوْنَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ جَعَلُونِي فِي ظَهْرِهِمْ وَدَخَلُوا الْمَدِينَةَ، فَأَصَابَتْنِي مَجَاعَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ، قَالَ: فَمَرَّ بِي بَعْضُ مَنْ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّكَ لَوْ دَخَلْتَ الْمَدِينَةَ، فَأَصَبْتَ مِنْ ثِمَارِ حَوَائِطِهَا، فَدَخَلْتُ حَائِطًا مِنْ حَوَائِطِ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَقَطَعْتُ قِنْوَيْنِ، فَجَاءَ صَاحِبُهُ وَهُمَا مَعِي، فَذَهَبَ بِي إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَسَأَلَنِي عَنْ أَمْرِي، فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ، فَقَالَ: " أَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ؟ " فَأَشَرْتُ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا، فَقَالَ: " خُذْهُ "، وَأَمَرَ صَاحِبَ الْحَائِطِ، فَأَخَذَ الْآخَرَ، وَخَلَّى سَبِيلِي. وَهَذِهِ الْأَخْبَارُ - إِنْ ثَبَتَتْ - كَانَتْ دَالَّةً مَعَ غَيْرِهَا عَلَى جَوَازِ الْأَكْلِ مِنْ مَالِ الْغَيْرِ عِنْدَ الضَّرُورَةِ، ثُمَّ وُجُوبِ الْبَدَلِ فَمُسْتَفَادٌ مِنَ الدَّلَائِلِ الَّتِي دَلَّتْ عَلَى تَحْرِيمِ مَالِ الْغَيْرِ بِغَيْرِ طِيبَةِ نَفْسِهِ، وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ. وَقَدِ اسْتَدَلَّ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا بِمَا ذَكَرْنَا فِي كِتَابِ الطَّهَارَةِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ حِينَ خَرَجَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فِي سَفَرٍ هُوَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ، فَأَصَابَهُمْ عَطَشٌ شَدِيدٌ، وَإِنَّهُ بَعَثَ إِلَى الْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي كَانَ مَعَهَا بَعِيرٌ عَلَيْهِ مَزَادَتَانِ حَتَّى أَتَى بِهَا، وَأَخَذُوا مِنْ مَائِهَا، وَالْمَزَادَتَانِ كَمَا هُمَا، لَمْ تَزْدَادَا إِلَّا امْتِلَاءً، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ، فَجَاءُوا مِنْ زِادِهِمْ حَتَّى مَلَأَ لَهَا ثَوْبَهَا.
Sayyiduna Umayr (may Allah be pleased with him), the freed slave of Sayyiduna Abi al-Lahm (may Allah be pleased with him), narrates: I came with my masters, intending to emigrate. When we drew near to Madinah, they left me behind and entered Madinah, and I was struck by severe hunger. He said: Some residents of Madinah passed by me and said: "If only you would enter Madinah and eat from the fruit of its orchards." So I entered one of the orchards of Madinah and picked two bunches of dates. The owner of the orchard came while both bunches were still with me. He seized me and took me to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who asked me about my situation, and I told him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Which of these two bunches is better?" I pointed to one of them. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take it," and he said to the owner of the orchard: "You take the other bunch." And he let me go.
Note: These hadiths indicate that at a time of necessity another person's property may be eaten, and that giving compensation for someone's property is obligatory when it is taken without its owner's consent. It is like the narration of Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him), in which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) set out on a journey together with the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). They were struck by severe thirst, so they brought a woman who had two waterskins to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and they took water from her waterskins; in the end, more was also given to her in her waterskins and her garment.
Note: These hadiths indicate that at a time of necessity another person's property may be eaten, and that giving compensation for someone's property is obligatory when it is taken without its owner's consent. It is like the narration of Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him), in which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) set out on a journey together with the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). They were struck by severe thirst, so they brought a woman who had two waterskins to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and they took water from her waterskins; in the end, more was also given to her in her waterskins and her garment.
