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Bayhaqi 18835 — Annulling the treaty in what is not permissible

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَقَدْ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ أَبِي هُنَيْدٍ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ ⦗٣٨٣⦘ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ} [الممتحنة: ١٠]، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُرْوَةُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ صَالَحَ أَهْلَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَشَرَطَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَتَاهُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ وَلِيِّهِ رَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ الْمُسْلِمَاتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَهُ اللهُ بِامْتِحَانِهِنَّ فَإِنْ كُنَّ جِئْنَ رَغْبَةً فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَمْ يَرُدَّهُنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ، قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ} [الممتحنة: ١٠]، فَحَبَسَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ النِّسَاءَ وَرَدَّ الرِّجَالَ.
Al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I came to Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him), and Ibn Abi Hunayd had asked him about this saying of Allah: "When believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them" [Surah al-Mumtahanah: 10]. Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) wrote to him in reply that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made the Treaty of al-Hudaybiyyah, there was a condition in it that whoever came without the permission of his guardian, he would return him. But when the Muslim women emigrated and came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Allah commanded: if they come out of desire for Islam, then examine them. "If you know them to be believers, do not return them to the disbelievers" [Surah al-Mumtahanah: 10]. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) kept back the women and returned the men.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18835
Hadith Grading محدثین: حسن
Hadith Takhrij «حسن»