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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجزية
Book of Jizyah
باب: يشترط عليهم أن أحدا من رجالهم إن أصاب مسلمة بزنا أو اسم نكاح، أو قطع الطريق على مسلم، أو فتن مسلما عن دينه، أو أعان المحاربين على المسلمين، فقد نق
Chapter: It is stipulated that if any of their men commits adultery with a Muslim woman or takes her in the name of marriage, robs a Muslim on the road, turns a Muslim away from his religion, or helps those at war against the Muslims, he has broken the covenant
Bayhaqi 18712 — It is stipulated that if any of their men commits
اُردوEn
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا بَحْرُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ الْأَزْدِيُّ، عَنْ مُجَالِدٍ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ غَفَلَةَ، قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِالشَّامِ، فَأَتَاهُ نَبَطِيٌّ مَضْرُوبٌ مُشَجَّجٌ مُسْتَعْدٍ، فَغَضِبَ غَضَبًا شَدِيدًا فَقَالَ لِصُهَيْبٍ: انْظُرْ مَنْ صَاحِبُ هَذَا؟ فَانْطَلَقَ صُهَيْبٌ فَإِذَا هُوَ عَوْفُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَدْ غَضِبَ غَضَبًا شَدِيدًا، فَلَوْ أَتَيْتَ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ فَمَشَى مَعَكَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكَ بَادِرَتَهُ. فَجَاءَ مَعَهُ مُعَاذٌ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ عُمَرُ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ: أَيْنَ صُهَيْبٌ؟ فَقَالَ: أَنَا هَذَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. قَالَ: أَجِئْتَ بِالرَّجُلِ الَّذِي ضَرَبَهُ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّهُ عَوْفُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ فَاسْمَعْ مِنْهُ وَلَا تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: مَا لَكَ وَلِهَذَا؟ قَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَأَيْتُهُ يَسُوقُ بِامْرَأَةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ فَنَخَسَ الْحِمَارَ لِيَصْرَعَهَا فَلَمْ تُصْرَعْ، ثُمَّ دَفَعَهَا فَخَرَّتْ عَنِ الْحِمَارِ، ثُمَّ تَغَشَّاهَا فَفَعَلْتُ مَا تَرَى. قَالَ: ائْتِنِي بِالْمَرْأَةِ لِتُصَدِّقَكَ. فَأَتَى عَوْفٌ الْمَرْأَةَ فَذَكَرَ الَّذِي قَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ أَبُوهَا وَزَوْجُهَا: مَا أَرَدْتَ بِصَاحِبَتِنَا فَضَحْتَهَا. فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ: وَاللهِ لَأَذْهَبَنَّ مَعَهُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. فَلَمَّا أَجْمَعَتْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُوهَا وَزَوْجُهَا: نَحْنُ نُبَلِّغُ عَنْكِ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. فَأَتَيَا فَصَدَّقَا عَوْفَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ بِمَا قَالَ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِلْيَهُودِيِّ: وَاللهِ مَا عَلَى هَذَا عَاهَدْنَاكُمْ. فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَصُلِبَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فُوا بِذِمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَمَنْ فَعَلَ مِنْهُمْ هَذَا فَلَا ذِمَّةَ لَهُ. قَالَ سُوَيْدُ بْنُ غَفَلَةَ: وَإِنَّهُ لَأَوَّلُ مَصْلُوبٍ رَأَيْتُهُ. تَابَعَهُ ابْنُ أَشْوَعَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ.
Suwayd bin Ghafalah says: We were with the Commander of the Faithful, Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), in Syria when a Nabataean man came who had been severely beaten and wounded. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) became extremely angry and said to Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him): "See who has beaten him." Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) went and found that it was Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) who had beaten him. So Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him): "Take Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) with you to the Commander of the Faithful; I fear that he will hasten to punish you." So Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) took Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) and went to him. When Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) finished the prayer, he asked: "Where is Suhayb?" Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Commander of the Faithful! Here I am." He asked: "Have you brought the man who beat him?" Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Commander of the Faithful! I have brought him." Then Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Commander of the Faithful! Listen to what Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) has to say, and do not be hasty." Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "What is the matter?" Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Commander of the Faithful! He goaded the donkey of a Muslim woman so that she would fall, but she did not fall; then he pushed her so that she fell from the donkey, and he assaulted her. Then I did what you see." Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Bring the woman so that she may confirm what you say." So Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned to the woman what Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had said. Her father and her husband said: "You want to disgrace our woman." But the woman said: "By Allah, I will certainly go with him to the Commander of the Faithful." When she had resolved upon that, her father and husband said: "Come, we will confirm it for you before Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)." When they had confirmed it, Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to that Jew: "This is not what we made our covenant with you upon." And the Jew was crucified. Then he said: "O people! Fulfil the covenant of protection (dhimmah) of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him); whoever does such a thing has no covenant of protection." Suwayd bin Ghafalah says: "He was the first person I saw crucified."
