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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب السير
Book of Military Expeditions
باب: من ليس للإمام أن يغزو به بحال
Chapter: Those whom the ruler may not take on an expedition under any circumstances
Bayhaqi 17867 — Those whom the ruler may not take on an expedition
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، فِي قِصَّةِ تَبُوكَ، قَالَ: فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الثَّنِيَّةَ نَادَى مُنَادِي رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ خُذُوا بَطْنَ الْوَادِي؛ فَهُوَ أَوْسَعُ عَلَيْكُمْ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ أَخَذَ الثَّنِيَّةَ، وَكَانَ مَعَهُ حُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ الْيَمَانِ وَعَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا، وَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُزَاحِمَهُ فِي الثَّنِيَّةِ أَحَدٌ، فَسَمِعَهُ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَتَخَلَّفُوا، ثُمَّ اتَّبَعَهُ رَهْطٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِسَّ الْقَوْمِ خَلْفَهُ، فَقَالَ لِأَحَدِ صَاحِبَيْهِ: " اضْرِبْ وُجُوهَهُمْ ". فَلَمَّا سَمِعُوا ذَلِكَ وَرَأَوَا الرَّجُلَ مُقْبِلًا نَحْوَهُمْ وَهُوَ حُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ الْيَمَانِ انْحَدَرُوا جَمِيعًا وَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ يَضْرِبُ رَوَاحِلَهُمْ، وَقَالُوا: إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ أَصْحَابُ أَحْمَدَ، وَهُمْ مُتَلَثِّمُونَ لَا يُرَى شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَعْيُنُهُمْ، فَجَاءَ صَاحِبُهُ بَعْدَ مَا انْحَدَرَ الْقَوْمُ، فَقَالَ: " هَلْ عَرَفْتَ الرَّهْطَ؟ " فَقَالَ: لَا وَاللهِ يَا نَبِيَّ ⦗٥٧⦘ اللهِ، وَلَكِنْ قَدْ عَرَفْتُ رَوَاحِلَهُمْ. فَانْحَدَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الثَّنِيَّةِ، وَقَالَ لِصَاحِبَيْهِ: " هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا أَرَادَ الْقَوْمُ؟ أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَزْحَمُونِي مِنَ الثَّنِيَّةِ فَيَطْرَحُونِي مِنْهَا ". فَقَالَا: أَفَلَا تَأْمُرُنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَنَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْكَ النَّاسُ؟ فَقَالَ: " أَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَتَحَدَّثَ النَّاسُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ يَقْتُلُهُمْ ". وَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ.
Ibn Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) said about the Tabuk campaign: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) reached the thaniyyah (mountain pass), his crier announced: Take the middle of the valley; it is wider for you. He (peace and blessings be upon him) went onto the pass, and with him were Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman and Ammar bin Yasir (may Allah be pleased with them both), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked that anyone should crowd him on the pass. When a group of the hypocrites heard this call, they held back; then a party of hypocrites followed him (peace and blessings be upon him). When he (peace and blessings be upon him) heard the sound of the people behind him, he said to one of his companions: "Strike their faces." When the hypocrites heard this and saw a man coming towards them, who was Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him), they all went down. He began striking their mounts, and they said: We are companions of Ahmad. They were masked, and only their eyes could be seen. When his companion came after the people had gone down, he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Did you recognise the group?" He said: I did not recognise them, but I recognised their mounts. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came down from the pass and said to his companions: "Do you know what these people wanted? They wanted to crowd me on the pass so that they could throw me down from it." His companions said: Will you not order us to strike their necks when they come to you? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I dislike that people should say that Muhammad kills his companions."
