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Bayhaqi 17866 — Those whom the ruler may not take on an expedition

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكَعْبِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَمْرُو، وَسَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ ⦗٥٦⦘ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، يَقُولُ: كُنَّا فِي غَزَاةٍ، وَقَالَ سُفْيَانُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى: كُنَّا فِي جَيْشٍ فَكَسَعَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، فَقَالَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ: يَا لَلْأَنْصَارِ، وَقَالَ الْمُهَاجِرِيُّ: يَا لَلْمُهَاجِرِينَ، فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: " مَا بَالُ دَعْوَى جَاهِلِيَّةٍ ". قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، كَسَعَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ. فَقَالَ: " دَعُوهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُنْتِنَةٌ ". فَسَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: قَدْ فَعَلُوهَا، أَمَا وَاللهِ لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ. فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَامَ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، دَعْنِي أَضْرِبْ عُنُقَ هَذَا الْمُنَافِقِ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " دَعْهُ؛ لَا يَتَحَدَّثُ النَّاسُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا يَقْتُلُ أَصْحَابَهُ ". قَالَ: وَكَانَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ كَثُرُوا بَعْدُ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَجَمَاعَةٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ، وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بِالْإِسْنَادِ الَّذِي تَقَدَّمَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ، وَكَذَلِكَ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: " ثُمَّ غَزَا غَزْوَةَ تَبُوكَ، فَشَهِدَهَا مَعَهُ مِنْهُمْ قَوْمٌ نَفَرُوا بِهِ لَيْلَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ لِيَقْتُلُوهُ، فَوَقَاهُ اللهُ شَرَّهُمْ ". قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: هُوَ بَيِّنٌ فِي الْمَغَازِي.
Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: We were on a campaign when a man from the Muhajirun struck a man from the Ansar on his backside. The Ansari called out: O Ansar! (Come to help), and the Muhajir called out: O Muhajirun! (Come to help). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) heard this and said: "What is this call of the Jahiliyyah?" They said: O Messenger of Allah! A man from the Muhajirun struck a man from the Ansar on his backside. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Leave it, for it is a foul thing." Abdullah bin Ubayy heard this and said: Have they done that? By Allah, "If we return to Madinah, the more honourable will surely expel the more humble from it." [Surah al-Munafiqun: 8] This reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! Allow me to strike the neck of this hypocrite. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Leave him, so that people do not say that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) kills his companions." When the Muhajirun came to Madinah, the Ansar were more numerous; later the Muhajirun became more numerous.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Some of the hypocrites also took part in the Tabuk campaign. On the night of al-Aqabah some people set out to kill him (peace and blessings be upon him), but Allah protected him (peace and blessings be upon him) from their evil.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Its details are in the Maghazi.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب السير / 17866
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحيح
Hadith Takhrij «صحيح۔ متفق عليه»