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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قتال أهل البغي
Book of Fighting the Rebels
باب: من جعل الأمر شورى بين المستصلحين له
Chapter: One who left the matter to consultation among those fit for it
Bayhaqi 16580 — One who left the matter to consultation among those
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْحِمْصِيُّ، ثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، أَنْبَأَ ⦗٢٦٠⦘ سَالِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، قَالَ: دَخَلَ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حِينَ نَزَلَ بِهِ الْمَوْتُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ، وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ، وَكَانَ طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ غَائِبًا بِأَرْضِهِ بِالسَّرَاةِ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ عُمَرُ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنِّي قَدْ نَظَرْتُ لَكُمْ فِي أَمْرِ النَّاسِ فَلَمْ أَجِدْ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ شَقاقًّا فِيكُمْ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيكُمْ شَيْءٌ، فَإِنْ كَانَ شِقَاقٌ فَهُوَ مِنْكُمْ، وَإِنَّ الْأَمْرَ إِلَى سِتَّةٍ: إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، وَعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، وَالزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ، وَطَلْحَةَ، وَسَعْدٍ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ قَوْمَكُمْ إِنَّمَا يُؤَمِّرُونَ أَحَدَكُمْ أَيُّهَا الثَّلَاثَةُ، فَإِنْ كُنْتَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ النَّاسِ يَا عُثْمَانَ، فَلَا تَحْمِلَنَّ بَنِي أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ عَلَى رِقَابِ النَّاسِ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ النَّاسِ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ، فَلَا تَحْمِلَنَّ أَقَارِبَكَ عَلَى رِقَابِ النَّاسِ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ يَا عَلِيُّ، فَلَا تَحْمِلَنَّ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ عَلَى رِقَابِ النَّاسِ، قُومُوا فَتَشَاوَرُوا وَأَمِّرُوا أَحَدَكُمْ، فَقَامُوا يَتَشَاوَرُونَ، قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: فَدَعَانِي عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ لِيُدْخِلَنِي فِي الْأَمْرِ، وَلَمْ يُسَمِّنِي عُمَرُ، وَلَا وَاللهِ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنِّي كُنْتُ مَعَهُمْ، عِلْمًا مِنْهُ بِأَنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ مَا قَالَ أَبِي، وَاللهِ لَقَلَّمَا سَمِعْتُهُ حَرَّكَ شَفَتَيْهِ بِشَيْءٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا كَانَ حَقًّا، فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرَ عُثْمَانُ دُعَائِي قُلْتُ: أَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ، تُؤَمِّرُونَ وَأَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَيُّ؟ فَوَاللهِ لَكَأَنَّمَا أَيْقَظْتُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ مَرْقَدٍ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: أَمْهِلُوا، فَإِنْ حَدَثَ بِي حَدَثٌ فَلْيُصَلِّ لِلنَّاسِ صُهَيْبٌ مَوْلَى بَنِي جُدْعَانَ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ، ثُمَّ أَجْمِعُوا فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ أَشْرَافَ النَّاسِ وَأُمَرَاءَ الْأَجْنَادِ، فَأَمِّرُوا أَحَدَكُمْ، فَمَنْ تَأْمَّرَ عَنْ غَيْرِ مَشُورَةٍ فَاضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: When death came upon Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), Uthman bin Affan, Ali bin Abi Talib, Abd al-Rahman bin Awf, al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam and Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with them) came to him. Talhah bin Ubaydullah (may Allah be pleased with him) was absent at his land in al-Sarat. Umar looked at them for a while and then said: "I have looked into the people's affair for you, and I have not found any discord among the people concerning you, unless there is something among yourselves; if there is discord, it will come from you. The matter belongs to six: Uthman bin Affan, Ali bin Abi Talib, Abd al-Rahman bin Awf, al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam, Talhah and Sa'd. Your people will only make one of you three the leader. O Uthman, if you are given any charge over the people's affairs, do not place Banu Abi Mu'ayt over the necks of the people. O Abd al-Rahman, if you are given any charge over the people's affairs, do not place your relatives over the necks of the people. O Ali, if you are given any charge, do not place Banu Hashim over the necks of the people. Get up, consult one another and appoint one of you as leader." So they got up to consult. Abdullah said: Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) called me once or twice to include me in the matter, though Umar had not named me. By Allah, I would not have liked to be with them, knowing that what my father had said would come to pass in their affair. By Allah, I rarely heard him move his lips with anything except that it turned out true. When Uthman called me repeatedly, I said: "Have you no sense? Are you appointing a leader while the Commander of the Believers is still alive?" By Allah, it was as if I had woken Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) from sleep. Umar said: "Wait. If something happens to me (i.e. I die), let Suhayb, the freed slave of Banu Jud'an, lead the people in prayer for three nights. Then on the third day gather the nobles of the people and the commanders of the armies, and appoint one of you as leader. Whoever assumes leadership without consultation, strike his neck."
