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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب القسامة
Book of Qasamah
باب: ترك القود بالقسامة
Chapter: Not taking retaliation by qasamah
Bayhaqi 16461 — Not taking retaliation by qasamah
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ الْقَاضِي، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، ثنا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ، مَوْلَى أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ عِنْدَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فَسَأَلَهُمْ عَنِ الْقَسَامَةِ، قَالُوا: أَقَادَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرُ وَالْخُلَفَاءُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ قَالَ: مَا تَقُولُ يَا أَبَا قِلَابَةَ؟ قَالَ: عِنْدَكَ رُءُوسُ الْأَجْنَادِ وَأَشْرَافُ الْعَرَبِ، شَهِدَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ حِمْصٍ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ دِمَشْقَ أَنَّهُ سَرَقَ وَلَمْ يَرَوْهُ أَكُنْتَ تَقْطَعُهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: شَهِدَ أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ دِمَشْقَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ حِمْصٍ أَنَّهُ زَنَى وَلَمْ يَرَوْهُ أَكُنْتَ تَرْجُمُهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَهَذَا أَشْبَهُ، وَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَتَلَ أَحَدًا، إِلَّا أَنْ يَقْتُلَ رَجُلًا فَيُقْتَلَ بِهِ، قَالَ عَنْبَسَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ: فَأَيْنَ حَدِيثُ الْعُرَنِيِّينَ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ: إِيَّايَ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ قَوْمًا مِنْ عُكْلٍ أَوْ عُرَيْنَةَ قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: فَاجْتَوَوَا الْمَدِينَةَ، فَأَمَرَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلِقَاحٍ، وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَشْرَبُوا مِنْ أَلْبَانِهَا وَأَبْوَالِهَا، فَانْطَلَقُوا فَلَمَّا صَحُّوا قَتَلُوا رَاعِيَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاسْتَاقُوا النَّعَمَ، فَبَلَغَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَبَرُهُمْ مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ، فَبَعَثَ فِي آثَارِهِمْ فَمَا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ حَتَّى أُتِيَ بِهِمْ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُطِعَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُمْ، وَسُمِرَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ، وَأُلْقُوا فِي الْحَرَّةِ يَسْتَسْقُونَ فَلَا يُسْقَوْنَ حَتَّى مَاتُوا فَهَؤُلَاءِ قَوْمٌ قَتَلُوا وَسَرَقُوا وَكَفَرُوا بَعْدَ إِيمَانَهِمْ فَقَالَ عَنْبَسَةُ: سُبْحَانَ اللهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ: أَتَتَّهِمُنِي يَا عَنْبَسَةُ؟ قَالَ: لَا، وَلَكِنَّ هَذَا الْجُنْدَ لَا يَزَالُ بِخَيْرٍ مَا أَبْقَاكَ اللهُ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ ⦗٢٢١⦘ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ هَارُونَ الْحَمَّالِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ مُخْتَصَرًا.
It is reported from Abu Raja' (may Allah have mercy on him) that Abu Qilabah (may Allah have mercy on him) was with Umar bin Abd al-Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him). He asked them about qasamah, and they answered: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and the Rightly Guided Caliphs carried out retaliation by it." He said: "O Abu Qilabah, what do you say?" He said: "You have with you great chiefs and the nobles of the Arabs, and great armies. If a man from the people of Hims accused a man from the people of Damascus of theft without having seen it, would you cut off his hand?" He said: "No." He said: "If, likewise, four men testified to adultery without having seen it, would you stone him?" He said: "No." Then Abu Qilabah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "This (qasamah) too is like that. By Allah, we do not know that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ever killed anyone, except a man who killed someone and was killed in return for him." Anbasah bin Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Then where is the hadith of the Urayniyyin?" Abu Qilabah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "It was Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) who narrated this very hadith to us: that some people of Ukl and Uraynah came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the climate of Madinah did not suit them, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered them to stay with the herdsman of the camels and to drink their milk and urine. They went, and when they recovered, they killed the herdsman and ran off with the camels. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) learned of it early in the day. He (peace and blessings be upon him) sent people after them, and before the day was far advanced they were caught and brought to him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) had their hands and feet cut off, had hot irons passed over their eyes and had them thrown in the sun; they asked for water but were not given water until they died. These were people who, after having believed, killed, stole and then disbelieved." Anbasah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Subhan Allah (Glory be to Allah)." Abu Qilabah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Anbasah, are you accusing me of lying?" He said: "No. Rather, as long as Allah keeps you among them, Allah will keep these people in goodness."
