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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجنايات
Book of Crimes
الروايات فيه عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه
The reports on this from Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him)
Bayhaqi 15928 — The reports on this from Umar bin al-Khattab
اُردوEn
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، أنبأ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحِيرَةِ فَكَتَبَ فِيهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ يُدْفَعَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ الْمَقْتُولِ، فَإِنْ شَاءُوا قَتَلُوا وَإِنْ شَاءُوا عَفَوْا. فَدُفِعَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى وَلِيِّ الْمَقْتُولِ، إِلَى رَجُلٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ: حُنَيْنٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحِيرَةِ فَقَتَلَهُ. فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ: إِنْ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ لَمْ يُقْتَلْ فَلَا تَقْتُلُوهُ. فَرَأَوْا أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُرَضِّيَهُمْ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " الَّذِي رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ أَوْلَى بِهِ، وَلَعَلَّهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُخِيفَهُ بِالْقَتْلِ وَلَا يَقْتُلُهُ ". قَالَ الَّذِي تَكَلَّمَ مَعَهُ: فَقَدْ رَوَيْتُمْ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَتَبَ ⦗٦٠⦘ فِي مُسْلِمٍ قَتَلَ نَصْرَانِيًّا: إِنْ كَانَ الْقَاتِلُ قَتَّالًا فَاقْتُلُوهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ قَتَّالٍ فَذَرُوهُ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوهُ؟ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: قَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ، فَاتَّبِعْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَمَا قَالَ، فَأَنْتَ لَا تَتَّبِعُهُ فِيمَا قَالَ. قَالَ: فَيَثْبُتُ عِنْدَكُمْ عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ هَذَا شَيْءٌ؟ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: قُلْنَا: وَلَا حَرْفٌ، وَهَذِهِ أَحَادِيثُ مُنْقَطِعَاتٌ، أَوْ ضِعَافٌ، أَوْ تَجْمَعُ الِانْقِطَاعَ وَالضَّعْفَ جَمِيعًا.
Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) said: A man from the tribe of Bakr bin Wa'il killed a man from the people of al-Hirah. Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) ruled that the killer be handed over to the heirs of the slain man; if they wished they could kill him, or if they wished they could forgive him. So the man was handed over to one of their heirs, a man named Hunayn, and he killed him. Afterwards Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to them: If he has not yet been killed, do not kill him. The people understood that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) intended to satisfy them with blood money.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The view to which he returned is more fitting, and perhaps he intended to frighten him with killing, not to kill him. The one who was debating him said: It has been narrated to you from Amr bin Dinar that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote concerning a Muslim who had killed a Christian: If the killer is a habitual killer, then kill him; otherwise leave him and do not kill him. Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: We have narrated it; so follow Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) as he said, though you do not follow him in what he said. Then he said: Is anything regarding this established from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)? Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Not a single letter; the narrations that exist are either munqati' or weak, or both munqati' and weak.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The view to which he returned is more fitting, and perhaps he intended to frighten him with killing, not to kill him. The one who was debating him said: It has been narrated to you from Amr bin Dinar that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote concerning a Muslim who had killed a Christian: If the killer is a habitual killer, then kill him; otherwise leave him and do not kill him. Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: We have narrated it; so follow Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) as he said, though you do not follow him in what he said. Then he said: Is anything regarding this established from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)? Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Not a single letter; the narrations that exist are either munqati' or weak, or both munqati' and weak.
