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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
باب: الكلام الذي ينعقد به النكاح
Chapter: The words by which marriage is contracted
Bayhaqi 13823 — The words by which marriage is contracted
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، ثنا خَلَفُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، ثنا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّ امْرَأَةً وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ، فَقَالَ: مَا لِي فِي النِّسَاءِ حَاجَةٌ الْيَوْمَ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ ضُعَفَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ: زَوِّجْنِيهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، فَقَالَ: " مَاذَا عِنْدَكَ؟ " قَالَ: مَا عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ، قَالَ: " أَعْطِهَا ثَوْبًا " قَالَ: مَا أَجِدُ، قَالَ: " أَعْطِهَا وَلَوْ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ " قَالَ: مَا أَجِدُ، قَالَ: " مَا عِنْدَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ؟ " قَالَ: كَذَا وَكَذَا، قَالَ: " فَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا بِمَا عِنْدَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ "، هَذَا حَدِيثُ خَلَفٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ " فَقَدْ زَوَّجْنَاكَهَا ". وَرَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، عَنْ أَبِي غَسَّانَ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ سَهْلٍ قَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ: فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَمْلَكْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ "، وَرَوَاهُ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي غَسَّانَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُطَرِّفٍ، فَقَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ: " زَوَّجْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ "، فَرِوَايَةُ الْجُمْهُورِ عَلَى لَفْظِ التَّزْوِيجِ إِلَّا رِوَايَةَ الشَّاذِّ مِنْهَا، وَالْجَمَاعَةُ أَوْلَى بِالْحِفْظِ مِنَ الْوَاحِدِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَاسْتَدَلَّ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا فِي ذَلِكَ بِمَا رَوَيْنَا فِي كِتَابِ الْحَجِّ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي قِصَّةِ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ قَالَ: " فَاتَّقُوا اللهَ فِي النِّسَاءِ فَإِنَّكُمْ أَخَذْتُمُوهُنَّ بِأَمَانَةِ اللهِ وَاسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ فُرُوجَهُنَّ بِكَلِمَةِ اللهِ " قَالَ أَصْحَابُنَا: وَهِيَ كَلِمَةُ النِّكَاحِ وَالتَّزْوِيجِ اللَّذَيْنِ وَرَدَ بِهِمَا الْقُرْآنُ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Abu Hazim narrates from Sayyiduna Sahl bin Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) that a woman came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). She said that a woman has given herself as a gift to Allah and His Messenger. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have no need of women today." Then one of the weak Muslims said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), marry her to me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What do you have?" He said: I have nothing at all. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give her at least a garment." The man said: I cannot find one. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then give her even an iron ring." The man said: I cannot find one, that is, I do not have it. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Do you know any Qur'an?" He said: I know such-and-such surahs. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then I have married her to you in return for the Qur'an."
(b) In the narration of Abu al-Rabi' it says: "We have indeed married her to you."
(c) Abu Hazim narrates from Sayyiduna Sahl that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have made you her owner in return for the Qur'an that you know."
(d) It is narrated from Abu Ghassan Muhammad bin Mutarrif that in the hadith he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have married her to you in return for the Qur'an that you know."
(e) The majority narrate the word tazwij (marrying), except for the narration that is shadhdh (anomalous), and a group is more worthy of being relied upon for accurate preservation than a single narrator, and Allah knows best. Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), in the story of the Farewell Pilgrimage, that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fear Allah concerning women, for you have taken them by the trust of Allah, and you have made their private parts lawful for yourselves by the word of Allah (that is, nikah)." The words nikah and tazwij both occur in the Qur'an.
(b) In the narration of Abu al-Rabi' it says: "We have indeed married her to you."
(c) Abu Hazim narrates from Sayyiduna Sahl that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have made you her owner in return for the Qur'an that you know."
(d) It is narrated from Abu Ghassan Muhammad bin Mutarrif that in the hadith he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have married her to you in return for the Qur'an that you know."
(e) The majority narrate the word tazwij (marrying), except for the narration that is shadhdh (anomalous), and a group is more worthy of being relied upon for accurate preservation than a single narrator, and Allah knows best. Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), in the story of the Farewell Pilgrimage, that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fear Allah concerning women, for you have taken them by the trust of Allah, and you have made their private parts lawful for yourselves by the word of Allah (that is, nikah)." The words nikah and tazwij both occur in the Qur'an.
