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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
باب: ما يكون للوالي الأعظم ووالي الإقليم من مال الله، وما جاء في رزق القضاة وأجر سائر الولاة
Chapter: What the supreme ruler and the governor of a province may take from the wealth of Allah, and reports on the salaries of judges and the pay of other officials
Bayhaqi 13009 — What the supreme ruler and the governor of a province
اُردوEn
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَاهِرِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ الْفَرَّاءُ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا الْمُبَارَكُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " إِنَّ أَكْيَسَ الْكَيْسِ التَّقْوَى، وَأَحْمَقَ الْحُمْقِ الْفُجُورُ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ الصِّدْقَ عِنْدِي الْأَمَانَةُ، وَالْكَذِبَ الْخِيَانَةُ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ الْقَوِيَّ عِنْدِي ضَعِيفٌ حَتَّى آخُذَ مِنْهُ الْحَقَّ، وَالضَّعِيفَ عِنْدِي قَوِيٌّ حَتَّى آخُذَ لَهُ الْحَقَّ، أَلَا وَإِنِّي قَدْ وُلِّيتُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَسْتُ بِأَخْيَرِكُمْ " قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: هُوَ وَاللهِ خَيْرُهُمْ غَيْرُ مُدَافَعٍ، وَلَكِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ يَهْضِمُ نَفْسَهُ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: " وَلَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّهُ كَفَانِي هَذَا الْأَمْرَ أَحَدُكُمْ " - قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: صَدَقَ ⦗٥٧٥⦘ وَاللهِ - وَإِنْ أَنْتُمْ أَرَدْتُمُونِي عَلَى مَا كَانَ اللهُ يُقِيمُ نَبِيَّهُ مِنَ الْوَحْيِ مَا ذَلِكَ عِنْدِي، إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ، فَرَاعُونِي. فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ غَدَا إِلَى السُّوقِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ؟ " قَالَ: السُّوقَ. قَالَ: " قَدْ جَاءَكَ مَا يَشْغَلُكَ عَنِ السُّوقِ "، قَالَ: سُبْحَانَ اللهِ يَشْغَلُنِي عَنْ عِيَالِي. قَالَ: تُعْرِضُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، قَالَ: " وَيْحَ عُمَرَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ لَا يَسَعُنِي أَنْ آكُلَ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ شَيْئًا " قَالَ: فَأَنْفِقْ فِي سَنَتَيْنِ وَبَعْضِ أُخْرَى ثَمَانِيَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ. فَلَمَّا حَضَرَهُ الْمَوْتُ قَالَ: قَدْ كُنْتُ قُلْتُ لِعُمَرَ: إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ لَا يَسَعَنِي أَنْ آكُلَ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ شَيْئًا، فَغَلَبَنِي فَإِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَخُذُوا مِنْ مَالِي ثَمَانِيَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَرُدُّوهَا فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ. قَالَ: فَلَمَّا أُتِيَ بِهَا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " رَحِمَ اللهُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، لَقَدْ أَتْعَبَ مَنْ بَعْدَهُ تَعَبًا شَدِيدًا ".
It is narrated from al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) addressed the people; he praised and extolled Allah, then said: Wisdom is taqwa (God-consciousness), and folly is wickedness. Truthfulness in my sight is trustworthiness, and lying in my sight is betrayal. Beware! The strong in my sight is weak until I take the right from him, and the weak in my sight is strong until I take his right for him. Beware! I have been made ruler over you, and I am not the best of you. Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: By Allah, he was the best of them, but the believer considers himself lowly. Then (Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)) said: I would love that one of you relieved me of this office. Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: He spoke the truth, by Allah. (Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said:) And if you expect of me that by which Allah used to keep His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) upright through revelation, that is not with me; I am only a human being, so look after me. When morning came, he set off for the market. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: Where are you heading? Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: To the market. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A matter has come to you that keeps you occupied from the market. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Subhan Allah (Glory be to Allah)! Will it keep me from (providing for) my family too? Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Take (from the wealth) in a fair manner. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Umar, I fear that it is not permissible for me to eat anything from this treasury. (The narrator) said: He spent eight thousand dirhams over two years and some months. When death came to him, he said: I had said to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that I feared it was not permissible for me to eat anything from the treasury, but he prevailed over me. So when I die, take eight thousand dirhams from my wealth and return them to the treasury. When those dirhams were brought to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: May Allah have mercy on Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him); he has left a very hard task for those after him.
