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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
باب: المدد يلحق بالمسلمين قبل أن ينقطع الحرب، أو لم يأتوا حتى ينقطع الحرب، وما روي في الغنيمة أنها لمن شهد الوقعة
Chapter: Reinforcements that join the Muslims before the fighting ends or arrive only after it ends, and the report that the spoils are for those present at the battle
Bayhaqi 12925 — Reinforcements that join the Muslims
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، أنا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَمِيرَوَيْهِ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ: بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " لَمْ يَقْسِمْ لِغَائِبٍ فِي مَغْنَمٍ لَمْ يَشْهَدْهُ إِلَّا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ قَسَمَ لِغَائِبِ أَهْلِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى كَانَ أَعْطَى خَيْبَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَقَالَ {وَعَدَكُمُ اللهُ مَغَانِمَ كَثِيرَةً تَأْخُذُونَهَا فَعَجَّلَ لَكُمْ هَذِهِ} [الفتح: ٢٠]، وَكَانَتْ لِأَهْلِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ مَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْهُمْ، وَمَنْ غَابَ، وَلِمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنَ النَّاسِ غَيْرِهِمْ " وَعَنْ يُونُسَ قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: بَلَغَنَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ قَسَمَ لِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ، وَكَانَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ تَخَلَّفَ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ رُقَيَّةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَأَصَابَتْهَا الْحَصْبَةُ، فَجَاءَ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ بَشِيرًا بِوَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ وَعُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى قَبْرِ رُقَيَّةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدْفِنُهَا، قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: وَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَسَمَ لِطَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، وَكَانَا غَائِبَيْنِ بِالشَّامِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: قَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَغِبْ عَنْ خَيْبَرَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ إِلَّا جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ، وَأَمَّا قِسْمَتُهُ لِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ وَغَيْرِهِ مِنْ غَنَائِمَ بَدْرٍ فَقَدْ مَضَتِ الدَّلَالَةُ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ عَلَى أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَضَعُهَا حَيْثُ أَرَاهُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَإِنَّمَا صَارَتِ الْغَنِيمَةُ لِمَنْ شَهِدَ الْوَقْعَةَ بَعْدَ قِسْمَةِ بَدْرٍ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It has reached us that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not set aside a share for anyone who was not present at the time of the spoils, except at the conquest of Khaybar, because he (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed the wealth of the conquest of Khaybar to the people of Hudaybiyah, on account of the saying of Allah Almighty: "Allah has promised you much spoils that you will take, and He has hastened this for you" [Surah al-Fath: 20]. So those spoils were for the people of Hudaybiyah, whoever of them was present or absent, besides those others who were present there. It is also reported that he (peace and blessings be upon him) allotted a share for Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him), although he had stayed behind to look after his wife (Sayyidah Ruqayyah, daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), may Allah be pleased with her), illness having seized her; and Sayyiduna Zayd bin Harithah (may Allah be pleased with him) came bringing the good news of the Battle of Badr while Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) was burying Sayyidah Ruqayyah, daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), may Allah be pleased with her, in her grave. Ibn Shihab said: It has also reached us that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) allotted a share for Talhah bin Ubaydullah and Sa'id bin Zayd (may Allah be pleased with them both), while they were both absent in Syria.
The Shaykh said: It is narrated from Ibn Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) that none of the people of Hudaybiyah was absent from Khaybar except Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him). And the allotment for Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) at Badr was on the basis that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) assigned those spoils wherever Allah Almighty willed; and after Badr, the spoils were for whoever was present at the battle.
The Shaykh said: It is narrated from Ibn Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) that none of the people of Hudaybiyah was absent from Khaybar except Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him). And the allotment for Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) at Badr was on the basis that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) assigned those spoils wherever Allah Almighty willed; and after Badr, the spoils were for whoever was present at the battle.
