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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
باب: بيان مصرف الغنيمة في ابتداء الإسلام وأنها كانت لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يضعها فيمن يراه ممن شهد الوقعة وممن لم يشهدها، حتى نزل قوله عز وجل واعلموا أنما غنمتم من شيء فأن لله خمسه وللرسول ولذي القربى واليتامى والمساكين وابن السبيل، فكان الخمس
Chapter: Explanation of how spoils were spent at the beginning of Islam, that they belonged to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to give to whomever he saw fit among those who were present at the battle and those who were not, until the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, was revealed: And know that whatever you take as spoils, a fifth of it is for Allah and the Messenger, the relatives, the orphans, the poor and the traveller, and so the fifth was established
Bayhaqi 12710 — Explanation of how spoils were spent at the beginning
بَابُ بَيَانِ مَصْرِفِ الْغَنِيمَةِ فِي ابْتِدَاءِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَضَعُهَا فِيمَنْ يَرَاهُ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ الْوَقْعَةَ وَمِمَّنْ لَمْ يَشْهَدْهَا، حَتَّى نَزَلَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ} [الأنفال: 41]، فَكَانَ الْخُمُسُ لِأَهْلِ الْخُمُسِ، وَأَرْبَعَةُ أَخْمَاسِهَا لِمَنْ شَهِدَ الْوَقْعَةَ.
Chapter: Explanation of how the spoils of war were spent at the beginning of Islam, and that they belonged to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), who would give them to whomever he saw fit among those who took part in the battle and those who did not, until the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, was revealed: "And know that whatever you take as spoils of war, one fifth of it is for Allah, for the Messenger, for (the Messenger's) relatives, the orphans, the needy and the wayfarer" [Surah al-Anfal: 41].
So the khums (one fifth) went to those entitled to the khums, and its (remaining) four parts to those who took part in the battle.
So the khums (one fifth) went to those entitled to the khums, and its (remaining) four parts to those who took part in the battle.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الْمُنَادِي، ثنا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ، عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِيَّ أَرْبَعُ آيَاتٍ؛ أَصَبْتُ سَيْفًا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، نَفِّلْنِيهِ، فَقَالَ: " ضَعْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَخَذْتَهُ "، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، نَفِّلْنِيهِ، فَقَالَ: " ضَعْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَخَذْتَهُ "، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، نَفِّلْنِيهِ، وَاجْعَلْنِي كَمَنْ لَا غَنَاءَ لَهُ، قَالَ: " ضَعْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَخَذْتَهُ "، وَنَزَلَتْ {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال: ١] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ غُنْدَرٍ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ وَقَالَ: اجْعَلْنِي كَمَنْ لَا غَنَاءَ لَهُ.
Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Four verses were revealed concerning me. I obtained a sword on the day of Badr, and I said: O Messenger of Allah, give it to me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Put it back where you picked it up from." I said again: O Messenger of Allah, give it to me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Put it back where you picked it up from." I said again: O Messenger of Allah, give it to me; shall I remain like one who is destitute? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Put it back where you took it from." Then this verse was revealed: "They ask you about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the Messenger" [Surah al-Anfal: 1].
