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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الضمان
Book of Guarantees
باب: ما يستدل به على أن الضمان لا ينقل الحق بل يزيد في محل الحق فيكون لرب المال أن يأخذهما وكل واحد منهما
Chapter: What indicates that a guarantee does not transfer the right but adds to where it may be claimed, so the creditor may claim from either or both of them
Bayhaqi 11401 — What indicates that a guarantee does not transfer
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الصَّفَّارُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبِرْتِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، ثنا زَائِدَةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ قَالَ: قَالَ جَابِرٌ: تُوُفِّيَ رَجُلٌ فَغَسَّلْنَاهُ وَكَفَّنَّاهُ، ثُمَّ أَتَيْنَا بِهِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ، فَتَخَطَّى خُطًى ثُمَّ قَالَ: " عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ؟ " قُلْنَا: نَعَمْ، دِينَارَانِ، قَالَ: فَانْصَرَفَ فَتَحَمَّلَهُمَا أَبُو قَتَادَةَ، فَأَتَيْنَاهُ، فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: الدِّينَارَانِ عَلَيَّ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " حَقُّ الْغَرِيمِ، وَبَرِئَ مِنْهُمَا الْمَيِّتُ "، قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِيَوْمٍ: " مَا فَعَلَ الدِّينَارَانِ؟ " فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا مَاتَ أَمْسِ، فَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ كَالْغَدِ فَقَالَ: قَدْ قَضَيْتُهُمَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " الْآنَ بَرَدَتْ عَلَيْهِ جِلْدُهُ " فَأَخْبَرَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ أَنَّهُ بِالْقَضَاءِ بَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ جِلْدُهُ، وَقَوْلُهُ: " حَقُّ الْغَرِيمِ وَبَرِئَ مِنْهُمَا الْمَيِّتُ "، إِنْ كَانَ حَفِظَهُ ابْنُ عَقِيلٍ، فَإِنَّمَا عَنَى بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ لِلْغَرِيمِ مُطَالَبَتُكَ بِهِمَا وَحْدَكَ إِنْ شَاءَ، كَمَا لَوْ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَيْكَ حَقٌّ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ، وَالْمَيِّتُ مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ، كَانَ لَهُ مُطَالَبَتُكَ بِهِ وَحْدَكَ إِنْ شَاءَ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Aqil said that Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A man died, so we washed him and shrouded him, then we brought him to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) so that he (peace and blessings be upon him) would lead the funeral prayer over him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) walked a few steps and asked: "Is he in debt?" We said: Yes, two dinars. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) turned back. Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) took the two dinars upon himself, and then we came to him (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Both dinars are upon me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Has the creditor's right been secured, and is the deceased free of those dinars?" He said: Yes. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) led the funeral prayer. A day after that, he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What has become of the two dinars?" Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: He only died yesterday. Then the next day he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked him again, and Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I have paid them both. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Now you have cooled his skin for him."
(b) In one narration: through the payment, his skin was cooled for him.
(b) In one narration: through the payment, his skin was cooled for him.
