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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ذِكْرُ قُتَيْلَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ أُخْتِ الْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ
Qutaylah bint Qays (may Allah be pleased with her), the sister of al-Ash'ath bin Qays (may Allah be pleased with him)
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 6987
اُردوEn
أخبرني مَخلَد بن جعفر الباقرحي، حدثنا محمد بن جرير، قال: قال أبو عبيدة معمر بن المثنى: ثم تزوج رسول الله ﷺ حينَ قَدِمَ عليه وفد كِندة: قتيلة بنت قيس أخت الأشعث بن قيس في سنة عَشْرٍ، ثم اشتكى في النصف من صفر، ثم قبض يوم الاثنين ليومين مَضَيَا من شهر ربيع الأول، ولم تكن قَدِمَتْ عليه ولا دخل بها. ووَقَّتَ بعضُهم وقتَ تزويجه إياها، فزعم أنه تزوجها قبل وفاته بشهرين (1). وزعم آخرون أنه تزوجها في مرضه. وزعم آخرون أنه أوصى أن تُخيَّر قتيلة، فإن شاءت [ضُرِبَ عليها الحجابُ وتَحرُمُ على المؤمنين، وإن شاءت فلتَنكِحْ مَن شاءت] (2) فاختارت النكاح، فتزوجها عكرمة بن أبي جهل بحضرموت، فبلغ أبا بكر، فقال: لقد هَمَمتُ أن أُحرِّقَ عليهما، فقال عمر بن الخطاب: ما هي من أمهات المؤمنين، ولا دخَلَ بها النَّبيّ ﷺ، ولا ضرَبَ عليها الحِجاب. وزعم بعضُهم أنها ارتدت (3). ذكرُ سَرَارِيِّ رسول الله ﷺ فأولُهنَّ ماربَةُ القِبطية أم إبراهيم
It is narrated from Abu Ubaydah Ma'mar bin al-Muthanna that when the delegation of the tribe of Kindah came, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Qutaylah bint Qays, the sister of al-Ash'ath bin Qays, in the year 10 AH. Then on the fifteenth of Safar he (peace and blessings be upon him) fell ill, and on Monday the second of Rabi' al-Awwal he (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away. By that time she had not reached him (peace and blessings be upon him), nor had he (peace and blessings be upon him) consummated the marriage with her. Some have put the time of this marriage at two months before his (peace and blessings be upon him) passing, while others claim that he (peace and blessings be upon him) married her during his illness. According to some, he (peace and blessings be upon him) left an instruction that Qutaylah be given a choice: if she wished, she would take on the veil and become forbidden to the believers, and if she wished, she could marry whomever she wanted. She chose marriage, and Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl married her in Hadramawt. When this news reached Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: "I have a firm intention to set fire to the two of them." But Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "She is not one of the Mothers of the Believers; the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not consummate the marriage with her, nor was the command of the veil applied to her." Some also hold that she had apostatised.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) تحرّف في النسخ الخطية إلى بشهر، والمثبت من كتاب "أزواج النَّبيّ ﷺ" لأبي عبيدة ص 272، ومن "دلائل النبوة" للبيهقي 7/ 288، حيث أورده عن الحاكم نفسه عن أبي عبيدة.
Note / Clarification: In the handwritten manuscripts this word has been corrupted and written as "bi-shahr". The correct text has been taken from Abu 'Ubaydah's book "Azwaj al-Nabi (peace and blessings be upon him)" (p. 272) and from al-Bayhaqi's "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (7/288), where he cited it from al-Hakim himself (by way of Abu 'Ubaydah).
(2) ما بين المعقوفين سقط من النسخ الخطية، وأثبتناه من "الدلائل" للبيهقي، وهو بنحوه في كتاب أبي عبيدة المذكور.
Note / Clarification: The text between the square brackets [ ] is missing from the handwritten manuscripts; we have restored it from al-Bayhaqi's "al-Dala'il", and the same content is also found in the aforementioned book of Abu 'Ubaydah.
(3) وأخرج إسحاق بن راهويه (959)، والبزار (2444 - كشف الأستار)، والطحاوي في "شرح المشكل" (653)، وابن الأعرابي في "معجمه" (1071)، وأبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (7481) من طريق عبد الأعلى بن عبد الأعلى، عن داود بن أبي هند، عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس: أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ تزوج قتيلة أخت الأشعث بن قيس، فمات قبل أن يخيرها، فبرأها الله منه. ورجاله ثقات، لكن اختلف على داود في وصله وإرساله كما سيأتي.
Reference / Source: It was narrated by Ishaq bin Rahawayh (959), al-Bazzar (2444 - Kashf al-Astar), al-Tahawi in "Sharh Mushkil al-Athar" (653), Ibn al-A'rabi in his "Mu'jam" (1071) and Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (7481) by way of 'Abd al-A'la bin 'Abd al-A'la, from Dawud bin Abi Hind, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him).
Details of the narration: That the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Qutaylah (the sister of al-Ash'ath bin Qays), but he (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away before giving her the choice, so Allah freed her from him.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Its narrators are thiqah (trustworthy), but there is disagreement over Dawud (bin Abi Hind) as to whether he narrated it as "mawsul" (connected) or "mursal", as will come.
وأخرجه أبو زرعة الدمشقي في "تاريخه"ص 491، والطحاوي (654) من طريق عباد بن العوام، عن داود بن أبي هند، به بلفظ: أن رسول الله ﷺ تزوج قتيلة، فارتدت مع قومها ولم يخيرها رسول الله ﷺ ولم يحجبها، فبرأه الله منها.
Reference / Source: Abu Zur'ah al-Dimashqi narrated it in his "Tarikh" (p. 491) and al-Tahawi (654) by way of 'Abbad bin al-'Awwam, from Dawud bin Abi Hind, with the wording: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Qutaylah, then she apostatized along with her people; the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had not given her the choice nor made her observe hijab, so Allah freed him from her."
وأخرجه مرسلًا الطحاوي (654 م) من طريق حماد بن سلمة - واللفظ له - وأبو نعيم (7482) من طريق عبد الوهاب بن عبد المجيد، كلاهما عن داود، عن الشعبي: أنَّ نبي الله ﷺ تزوج قتيلة بنت قيس ومات عنها، ثم تزوجها عكرمة بن أبي جهل، فأراد أبو بكر أن يقتله، فقال له عمر: إن النَّبيّ ﷺ لم يحجبها، ولم يقسم لها، ولم يدخل بها، وارتدت مع أخيها عن الإسلام، وبرئت من الله ومن رسوله، فلم يزل به حتى تركه.
Reference / Source: Al-Tahawi (654 M) narrated it as "mursal" by way of Hammad bin Salamah (the wording is his), and Abu Nu'aym (7482) by way of 'Abd al-Wahhab bin 'Abd al-Majid; both of them from Dawud, from al-Sha'bi, that:
Details of the narration: The Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Qutaylah bint Qays and passed away leaving her. Then 'Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl married her. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) wanted to kill him, so 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not make her observe hijab, nor allot her a turn, nor consummate the marriage with her, and she apostatized from Islam along with her brother and became free of Allah and His Messenger." 'Umar kept on at him until he left him.
وأخرجه ابن سعد 10/ 142 من طريق وهيب، عن داود بن أبي هند، فذكره معضلًا.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd (10/142) narrated it by way of Wuhayb, from Dawud bin Abi Hind, and mentioned it as "mu'dal" (with a break in the chain).
Note / Clarification: In the handwritten manuscripts this word has been corrupted and written as "bi-shahr". The correct text has been taken from Abu 'Ubaydah's book "Azwaj al-Nabi (peace and blessings be upon him)" (p. 272) and from al-Bayhaqi's "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (7/288), where he cited it from al-Hakim himself (by way of Abu 'Ubaydah).
(2) ما بين المعقوفين سقط من النسخ الخطية، وأثبتناه من "الدلائل" للبيهقي، وهو بنحوه في كتاب أبي عبيدة المذكور.
Note / Clarification: The text between the square brackets [ ] is missing from the handwritten manuscripts; we have restored it from al-Bayhaqi's "al-Dala'il", and the same content is also found in the aforementioned book of Abu 'Ubaydah.
(3) وأخرج إسحاق بن راهويه (959)، والبزار (2444 - كشف الأستار)، والطحاوي في "شرح المشكل" (653)، وابن الأعرابي في "معجمه" (1071)، وأبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (7481) من طريق عبد الأعلى بن عبد الأعلى، عن داود بن أبي هند، عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس: أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ تزوج قتيلة أخت الأشعث بن قيس، فمات قبل أن يخيرها، فبرأها الله منه. ورجاله ثقات، لكن اختلف على داود في وصله وإرساله كما سيأتي.
Reference / Source: It was narrated by Ishaq bin Rahawayh (959), al-Bazzar (2444 - Kashf al-Astar), al-Tahawi in "Sharh Mushkil al-Athar" (653), Ibn al-A'rabi in his "Mu'jam" (1071) and Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (7481) by way of 'Abd al-A'la bin 'Abd al-A'la, from Dawud bin Abi Hind, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him).
Details of the narration: That the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Qutaylah (the sister of al-Ash'ath bin Qays), but he (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away before giving her the choice, so Allah freed her from him.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Its narrators are thiqah (trustworthy), but there is disagreement over Dawud (bin Abi Hind) as to whether he narrated it as "mawsul" (connected) or "mursal", as will come.
وأخرجه أبو زرعة الدمشقي في "تاريخه"ص 491، والطحاوي (654) من طريق عباد بن العوام، عن داود بن أبي هند، به بلفظ: أن رسول الله ﷺ تزوج قتيلة، فارتدت مع قومها ولم يخيرها رسول الله ﷺ ولم يحجبها، فبرأه الله منها.
Reference / Source: Abu Zur'ah al-Dimashqi narrated it in his "Tarikh" (p. 491) and al-Tahawi (654) by way of 'Abbad bin al-'Awwam, from Dawud bin Abi Hind, with the wording: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Qutaylah, then she apostatized along with her people; the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had not given her the choice nor made her observe hijab, so Allah freed him from her."
وأخرجه مرسلًا الطحاوي (654 م) من طريق حماد بن سلمة - واللفظ له - وأبو نعيم (7482) من طريق عبد الوهاب بن عبد المجيد، كلاهما عن داود، عن الشعبي: أنَّ نبي الله ﷺ تزوج قتيلة بنت قيس ومات عنها، ثم تزوجها عكرمة بن أبي جهل، فأراد أبو بكر أن يقتله، فقال له عمر: إن النَّبيّ ﷺ لم يحجبها، ولم يقسم لها، ولم يدخل بها، وارتدت مع أخيها عن الإسلام، وبرئت من الله ومن رسوله، فلم يزل به حتى تركه.
Reference / Source: Al-Tahawi (654 M) narrated it as "mursal" by way of Hammad bin Salamah (the wording is his), and Abu Nu'aym (7482) by way of 'Abd al-Wahhab bin 'Abd al-Majid; both of them from Dawud, from al-Sha'bi, that:
Details of the narration: The Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Qutaylah bint Qays and passed away leaving her. Then 'Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl married her. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) wanted to kill him, so 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not make her observe hijab, nor allot her a turn, nor consummate the marriage with her, and she apostatized from Islam along with her brother and became free of Allah and His Messenger." 'Umar kept on at him until he left him.
وأخرجه ابن سعد 10/ 142 من طريق وهيب، عن داود بن أبي هند، فذكره معضلًا.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd (10/142) narrated it by way of Wuhayb, from Dawud bin Abi Hind, and mentioned it as "mu'dal" (with a break in the chain).
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 6987
