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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
مُبَارَزَةُ حَمْزَةَ وَعُبَيْدَةَ وَعَلَيٍّ مَعَ الْكُفَّارِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ
The single combat of Hamzah, Ubaydah and Ali (may Allah be pleased with them) against the disbelievers on the day of Badr
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 4943
اُردوEn
أخبرنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله الصفّار، حدثنا أحمد بن مِهْران حدثنا عُبيد الله بن موسى، حدثنا إسرائيل، عن أبي إسحاق، عن حارثة بن مُضَرِّبٍ، عن عليٍّ، قال: قال لي رسولُ الله ﷺ: "نادِ حمزةَ فكان أقربَهم إلى المشركين -: مَن صاحبُ الجملِ الأحمَر، وماذا يقول لهم" ثم قال رسول الله ﷺ: "إن يكن في القوم أحدٌ يأمرُ بخيرٍ، فعسى يكونُ صاحبَ الجملِ الأحمرِ"، فقال لي حمزةُ: هو عُتبة بن ربيعة، وهو يَنْهى عن القتالِ، وهو يقولُ: يا قومِ، إني أرى قَومًا لا تَصِلُون إليهم وفيكم خيرٌ، يا قومِ اعِصبُوها اليومَ بي، وقولوا: جَبُنَ عُتبةٌ بن رَبيعة، ولقد علمتُم أني لستُ بأجبَنِكم، فسمعَ بذلك أبو جَهْل، فقال: أنت تقولُ هذا؟! لو غيرُك قال قد مُلِئتَ رُعبًا، فقال: إيايَ تعني يا مُصفِّرَ استِه؟! قال: فَبَرَزَ عُتبةُ وأخوه شَيْبَةُ وابنه الوليدُ، فقالوا: من يُبارِزُ؟ فخرج فِتيةٌ من الأنصار شَبَةٌ، فقال عتبةُ: لا نريدُ هؤلاءِ، ولكن يُبارِزُنا من أعمام بني عبد المطّلب؟ فقال رسول الله ﷺ: "قُمْ يا حمزةُ، قُمْ يا عُبيدةُ، قم يا عليٌّ"، فبَرَزَ حمزةُ لِعُتبة، وعُبيدةُ لشَيْبة، وعليٌّ للوليد، فقَتَل حمزةُ عُتبةَ، وقَتَل عليٌّ الوليد، وقَتَل عُبيدةُ شَيْبَةَ، وَضَرَبَ شَيْبَةٌ رِجلَ عُبيدةَ فقطَعها، فاستنقذَه حمزةُ وعليٌّ، حتى تُوفِّي بالصَّفْراء (1). صحيح علي شرط الشيخين ولم يُخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4882 - لم يخرجا لحارثة وقد وهاه ابن المديني
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4882 - لم يخرجا لحارثة وقد وهاه ابن المديني
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "Call Hamzah (and he was the closest of them to the polytheists): see who the man with the red camel is, and what he is saying to them." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If there is anyone among those people who enjoins good, perhaps it is the man with the red camel." Then Hamzah told me that it was Utbah bin Rabi'ah, and that he was forbidding fighting, saying: "O my people, I see people whom you will not be able to reach (that is, you will not overcome them) while there is still good in you. O my people, put the blame for this on me today and say: 'Utbah bin Rabi'ah has become a coward,' though you know that I am not the most cowardly among you." Abu Jahl heard this and said: "You are saying this?! If anyone other than you had said it (it would have been one thing); you are filled with fear." Utbah replied: "O you of the yellowed backside (a deeply insulting phrase), is it me you mean?" The narrator says: Then Utbah, his brother Shaybah and his son al-Walid came forward and said: "Who will come out for single combat?" A few young men of the Ansar came out, but Utbah said: "We do not want these; rather, send out our cousins, Banu Abd al-Muttalib, against us." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Stand up, O Hamzah; stand up, O Ubaydah; stand up, O Ali." So Hamzah faced Utbah, Ubaydah faced Shaybah, and Ali faced al-Walid. Hamzah killed Utbah, Ali killed al-Walid, and Ubaydah killed Shaybah, but Shaybah had struck Ubaydah's leg and severed it. Then Hamzah and Ali rescued him and brought him away, until he died at al-Safra'.
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) إسناده صحيح، لكن اختُلف في ذكر الخصوم كما تقدَّم بيانه برقم (4923)، فبعضهم يذكر عُتبة بن ربيعة في مقابل عُبيدة بن الحارث وشيبة بن ربيعة في مقابل حمزة بن عبد المطّلب. ولكن ما جاء في هذه الرواية هو الأكثر والأشهر إسرائيل: هو ابن يونس بن أبي إسحاق عمرو بن عبد الله السَّبيعي، وأبو إسحاق في الإسناد هو جدُّه.
Grading: (1) Its chain is "sahih",
Technical note / Defect ('illah): but there is disagreement about identifying the opponents, as explained at no. (4923); some mentioned 'Utbah bin Rabi'ah facing 'Ubaydah bin al-Harith and Shaybah bin Rabi'ah facing Hamzah bin 'Abd al-Muttalib, but the account in this narration is the "more frequent" and "better known".
Narrator identification: Isra'il (in the chain) is Ibn Yunus bin Abi Ishaq 'Amr bin 'Abd Allah al-Sabi'i, and Abu Ishaq in the chain is his grandfather.
وأخرجه مختصرًا أبو داود (2665) من طريق عثمان بن عمر العَبْدي، عن إسرائيل، بهذا الإسناد. غير أنه ذكر عليًّا في مقابل شيبة، وعُبَيدة في مقابل الوليد بن عُتبة. وما عند المُصنِّف أولى وأثبتُ كما نبهنا عليه برقم (4923). وأخرجه أحمد 2 / (948) عن حجاج بن محمد المصّيصي الأعور، عن إسرائيل، به. لكنه قال في روايته: فقتل الله تعالى عُتبة وشيبة ابني ربيعة، والوليد بن عُتبة، وجُرح عُبيدة. كذا لم يذكر مَن قتل كُلًا من المذكورين.
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud: (2665) narrated it in brief via 'Uthman bin 'Umar al-'Abdi, from Isra'il, with this same chain, but he mentioned 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) facing Shaybah and 'Ubaydah facing al-Walid bin 'Utbah.
Important point: The account with the author (al-Hakim) is preferable and more firmly established, as we pointed out at no. (4923). Musnad Ahmad: 2/(948) narrated it via Hajjaj bin Muhammad al-Massisi al-A'war from Isra'il, but his wording is: "So Allah had 'Utbah and Shaybah (the sons of Rabi'ah) and al-Walid bin 'Utbah killed, and 'Ubaydah was wounded"; thus he did not mention who killed whom.
وقوله: مُصفِّر استه، كلمة تقال للمتنعِّم الذي لم تُحنِّكه التجارب والشدائد، وهي من الصفير، وهو الصوت بالفم والشفتين وكأنه قال: يا ضرّاط نسبة إلى الجُبن والخور، أو أنه رماه بالأُبنة، وأنه كان يُزعفِر استَه.
Technical note / Lexicon: The phrase "musaffir istih" (one with a yellowed backside / one who whistles from his backside): this expression is used for a person raised in luxury whom experience and hardship have not toughened. It is derived from "al-safir", the sound (whistle) made with the mouth and lips. It is as if the speaker said: "O farter!", (figuratively) attributing cowardice and weakness to him; or else he taunted him with "ubnah" (passive sodomy), that he used to apply saffron to his backside.
Grading: (1) Its chain is "sahih",
Technical note / Defect ('illah): but there is disagreement about identifying the opponents, as explained at no. (4923); some mentioned 'Utbah bin Rabi'ah facing 'Ubaydah bin al-Harith and Shaybah bin Rabi'ah facing Hamzah bin 'Abd al-Muttalib, but the account in this narration is the "more frequent" and "better known".
Narrator identification: Isra'il (in the chain) is Ibn Yunus bin Abi Ishaq 'Amr bin 'Abd Allah al-Sabi'i, and Abu Ishaq in the chain is his grandfather.
وأخرجه مختصرًا أبو داود (2665) من طريق عثمان بن عمر العَبْدي، عن إسرائيل، بهذا الإسناد. غير أنه ذكر عليًّا في مقابل شيبة، وعُبَيدة في مقابل الوليد بن عُتبة. وما عند المُصنِّف أولى وأثبتُ كما نبهنا عليه برقم (4923). وأخرجه أحمد 2 / (948) عن حجاج بن محمد المصّيصي الأعور، عن إسرائيل، به. لكنه قال في روايته: فقتل الله تعالى عُتبة وشيبة ابني ربيعة، والوليد بن عُتبة، وجُرح عُبيدة. كذا لم يذكر مَن قتل كُلًا من المذكورين.
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud: (2665) narrated it in brief via 'Uthman bin 'Umar al-'Abdi, from Isra'il, with this same chain, but he mentioned 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) facing Shaybah and 'Ubaydah facing al-Walid bin 'Utbah.
Important point: The account with the author (al-Hakim) is preferable and more firmly established, as we pointed out at no. (4923). Musnad Ahmad: 2/(948) narrated it via Hajjaj bin Muhammad al-Massisi al-A'war from Isra'il, but his wording is: "So Allah had 'Utbah and Shaybah (the sons of Rabi'ah) and al-Walid bin 'Utbah killed, and 'Ubaydah was wounded"; thus he did not mention who killed whom.
وقوله: مُصفِّر استه، كلمة تقال للمتنعِّم الذي لم تُحنِّكه التجارب والشدائد، وهي من الصفير، وهو الصوت بالفم والشفتين وكأنه قال: يا ضرّاط نسبة إلى الجُبن والخور، أو أنه رماه بالأُبنة، وأنه كان يُزعفِر استَه.
Technical note / Lexicon: The phrase "musaffir istih" (one with a yellowed backside / one who whistles from his backside): this expression is used for a person raised in luxury whom experience and hardship have not toughened. It is derived from "al-safir", the sound (whistle) made with the mouth and lips. It is as if the speaker said: "O farter!", (figuratively) attributing cowardice and weakness to him; or else he taunted him with "ubnah" (passive sodomy), that he used to apply saffron to his backside.
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 4943
