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Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 4320

حدثنا أبو سعيد أحمد بن محمد بن عمرو الأحمسي بالكوفة، حدثنا الحسين بن حميد بن الربيع الخزاز، حدثنا سليمان بن الحكم بن أيوب بن سليمان بن ثابت بن يسار الخُزاعي، حدثنا أخي أيوب بن الحكم وسالم بن محمد الخُزاعي، جميعًا عن حزام بن هشام، عن أبيه هشام بن حُبَيش بن خويلد صاحب رسول الله ﷺ: أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ خرج من مكة مُهاجرًا إلى المدينة وأبو بكر ومولى أبي بكر عامر بن فهيرة ودليلهما الليثي عبد الله بن أُريقط، مَرُّوا على خَيمتَي أمَّ مَعْبَدٍ الخُزاعية، وكانت امرأةٌ بَرْزَةٌ جَلْدَةٌ، تحتبي بفناء الخيمة، ثم تسقي وتطعم، فسألوها لحمًا وتمرًا ليشتروا منها، فلم يُصِيبوا عندها شيئًا من ذلك، وكان القوم مُرْمِلِين مُسنِتِين، فنَظَر رسول الله ﷺ إلى شاةٍ في كِسْرِ الخَيمة، فقال: "ما هذه الشاةُ يا أم مَعْبدٍ؟ " قالت: شاةٌ خَلَّفها الجَهْدُ عن الغنم، قال: "هل بها مِن لَبَنٍ؟ " قالت: هي أجهَدُ من ذلك، قال: "أتأذنين لي أن أحلبها؟ " قالت: بأبي وأمي، إن رأيت بها حَلَبًا فاحلبها، فدعا بها رسول الله ﷺ، فَمَسَحَ بيدِه ضَرْعَها وسَمَّى الله تعالى، ودعا لها في شاتها، فتَفاجَتْ عليه ودَرَّتْ فاجترَّتْ، فدعا بإناءٍ يُرِيضُ الرَّهْطَ (1)، فَحَلَب فيه ثَجًّا حتى علاه البهاء، ثم سقاها حتى رَوِيَتْ، وسقى أصحابه حتى رَوُوا حتى أراضوا وشرِبَ آخِرَهُم، ثم حَلَب فيه الثانية على بَدْءٍ، حتى ملأ الإناء، ثم غادَرَهُ عندها، ثم بايعها وارتَحَلُوا عنها. فقلَّ ما لبثت حتى جاءها زوجها أبو معبد يسوق أعنُزًا عِجافًا تَسَاوَكُن (1) هُزلًا، مُحهن قليل، فلمّا رأى أبو معبدٍ اللبن أعجبَهُ، قال: من أين لك هذا يا أم معبد والشاءُ عازِبٌ حائل ولا حَلُوبَ في البيت؟ قالت: لا والله، إلَّا أنه مَرَّ بنا رجلٌ مبارك، من حاله كذا وكذا، قال: صفيه لي يا أم معبد، قالت: رأيتُ رجلًا ظاهِرَ الوَضاءة، أبْلَجَ الوجه، حسنَ الخُلُقِ، لم تَعِبْهُ ثُجْلَةٌ، ولم تُزْرِ به صَعْلةٌ، وسيمٌ قَسِيم، في عينيه دَعَجٌ، وفي أشفارِه وَطَفٌ، وفي صوته صَهَلٌ، وفي عنقه سَطَعٌ، وفي لحيته كَثَاثَةٌ، أَزْجُ أقْرَنُ، إن صَمَتَ فعليه الوَقارُ، وإن تكلَّم سماه وعلاه البهاء، أجمل الناس وأبهاه من بعيد، وأحسنُه وأجملُه مِن قريب، حُلو المَنطِق فَصْلٌ لا نَزْرٌ ولا هَذَرٌ، كأن مَنطِقَه خَرزاتُ نَظم يتحدَّرن، رَبْعةٌ لا تَشْنَؤُهُ من طُولٍ، ولا تَقتَحِمُه عِينٌ مِن قِصَر، غُصنٌ بين غُصنَين، فهو أنضرُ الثلاثةِ مَنظَرًا وأحسنهم قدرًا، له رُفقاءُ يَحُفُّون به، إن قال استمعوا لقوله، وإن أمر تبادَرُوا إلى أمره، مَحفُود محشُود، لا عابس ولا مُفنَّد. قال أبو مَعبَد: هذا والله صاحب قريش الذي ذُكر لنا من أمرِه ما ذُكر، ولقد هممتُ أن أصحَبَه، ولأفعلَنَّ إن وَجدْتُ إلى ذلك سبيلًا. وأصبحَ صوتٌ بمكة عاليًا يسمعون الصوت ولا يَدرُون مَن صاحبه، وهو يقول: جزى الله ربُّ الناس خير جزائه … رفيقينِ حَلَا خَيمتي أَمِّ مَعبَدِ هما نزلا بالهَدْيِ وارتحلا به … فقد فاز مَن أمسى رفيق محمد فيا لقُصَيٍّ ما زَوَى الله عنكم … به من فَعَال لا تُجارَى وسُؤدَدِ ليَهْنِ أبا بكر سعادة جده … بصحبته، من يسعد الله يسعد ويهن بني كعب (1) مقامُ فَتاتِهِمْ … ومَقعدها للمؤمنين بمرصد سَلُوا أختَكُم عن شاتها وإنائها … فإنكم إن تسألُوا الشاةَ تَشْهَدِ دعاها بشاةٍ حائل فتَحلَّبَتْ … عليه صريحًا ضَرّةُ الشاةِ مُزبِدِ فغادَرَه رَهْنًا لَدَيها لِحَالِبِ … يُردِّدُها في مصدَرٍ بعد مورد فلما سمع حسان بذلك، شَبَّب يُجاوِبُ الهاتف، فقال: لقد خاب قومٌ زال عنهم نبيهم … وقُدِّس مَن يَسْرِي إليهم ويَغْتَدِي ترحَّل عن قومٍ فزالت عقولهم … وحَلَّ على قوم بنور مُجدَّدِ هداهُم به بعد الضلالة ربُّهم … فأرشدهم مَن يَتْبَع الحقَّ يَرشُدِ وهل يستوي ضُلّال قومٍ تَسفّهوا … عمى وهداةٌ يَهتدون بمُهتدي وقد نزلت منه على أهل يثربٍ … ركاب هُدًى حَلّت عليهم بأَسعُدِ نبيٌّ يرى ما لا يرى الناس حوله … ويتلو كتاب الله في كلِّ مَشْهَدِ وإن قال في يومٍ مقالة غائب … فتصديقها في اليوم في ضُحَى الغَدِ (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه. ويُستدَلُّ على صحته وصدق رواته بدلائل: فمنها: نزول المصطفى ﷺ بالخيمتين متواتر في أخبار صحيحةٍ ذوات عدد، ومنها: أنَّ الذين ساقُوا الحديث على وجهه أهلُ الخَيمتين من الأعارب الذين لا يتهمون بوضع الحديث والزيادة والنقصان، وقد أخذوه لفظًا بعد لفظٍ عن أبي مَعبَدٍ وأم معبدٍ، ومنها: أنَّ له أسانيد كالأخذ باليد أخَذَهُ الولد عن أبيه، والأبُ عن جَدِّه، لا إرسال ولا وَهَن في الرواة، ومنها: أنَّ الحُر بن الصَّيَّاح النَّخَعي أخذه عن أبي مَعبَدٍ كما أخذه ولده عنه، فأما الإسنادُ الذي رُوِّيناه لسياقة الحديث عن الكعبيِّين فإنه إسنادٌ صحيح عال للعرب الأعاربة، وقد عَلَونا في حديث الحُرِّ بن الصَّيَّاح.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4274 - صحيح
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Hisham bin Hubaysh bin Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out from Makkah to emigrate to Madinah, and with him (peace and blessings be upon him) were Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, Abu Bakr's freed slave Amir bin Fuhayrah, and their guide, Abdullah bin Urayqit al-Laythi. They all passed by the two tents of Umm Ma'bad al-Khuza'iyyah. She was a dignified and strong woman who would sit with her knees drawn up in the courtyard of the tent, giving travellers water to drink and food to eat. They asked her about buying meat and dates from her, but found none of that with her, and those people were struck by drought and in severe need. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw a goat in a corner of the tent and asked: "O Umm Ma'bad! What about this goat?" She said: "This is a goat that weakness has left behind the flock." He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Does she have any milk?" She said: "She is far too weak for that." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you permit me to milk her?" She said: "May my father and mother be sacrificed for you! If you see any milk in her, then milk her." So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called for her, passed his hand over her udder, mentioned the name of Allah Almighty, and supplicated for blessing in her goat. She spread her legs, gave milk abundantly and began to chew the cud. He (peace and blessings be upon him) called for a large vessel that could satisfy a whole group, and milked into it so much abundant, frothy milk that it filled up. He (peace and blessings be upon him) first gave Umm Ma'bad to drink until she was satisfied, then gave his companions to drink until they too were satisfied, and drank himself last. Then he milked into it again until the vessel was full, left it there with her, took her pledge of allegiance and departed from there. Only a little while had passed when her husband Abu Ma'bad came, driving thin, tottering goats in whose bones there was little marrow. When Abu Ma'bad saw the milk he was astonished and asked: "O Umm Ma'bad! Where did you get this milk, when the goats were far away in the pasture and there was no milk-giving goat in the house?" She said: "By Allah! It is not that; rather, a blessed man passed by us whose state was such and such." He said: "O Umm Ma'bad! Describe him to me." She said: "I saw a person whose beauty and handsomeness were evident, with a radiant face and fine character. Neither was his belly protruding, nor did he have the flaw of a small head. He was exceedingly handsome and well-proportioned. His eyes were deep black, his eyelashes long and thick; there was a depth, that is dignity, in his voice; his neck was long and raised; his beard was thick; his eyebrows were fine and joined. When he was silent, dignity settled upon him, and when he spoke, his grandeur and radiance rose high. From afar he was the most beautiful and attractive of people, and from near the most handsome and comely. His speech was sweet and clear, neither too little nor too much; his words were like a string of pearls falling one after another. He was of medium height: neither disliked for being too tall, nor overlooked by the eyes for being short. He was like a branch between two branches, the freshest of the three in appearance and the highest in worth and rank. He had companions who surrounded him; if he said something, they listened attentively, and if he gave a command, they hastened to carry it out. He was one served and thronged about, neither frowning nor given to idle talk." Abu Ma'bad said: "By Allah! This is that man of Quraysh about whom we were told what we were told. I intend to accompany him, and if I find any way to do so, I will certainly do it." In the morning a loud voice was heard in Makkah; the people were hearing the voice but could not see the one calling out, and he was saying: "May Allah, the Lord of the people, give the best of rewards to the two companions who alighted at the tents of Umm Ma'bad." "They both alighted with guidance and departed with it; so successful is the one who became the companion of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)." "O descendants of Qusayy! What great, unmatched deeds and what leadership Allah has withheld from you because of him!" "May the good fortune of his lot be blessed for Abu Bakr, that he gained the companionship of him (peace and blessings be upon him); and whomever Allah makes fortunate remains fortunate." "And may Banu Ka'b be blessed with the station of their woman, who sat at a place of rest for the believers." "Ask your sister about her goat and her vessel, for if you ask the goat, it too will bear witness." "He (peace and blessings be upon him) called for a barren goat, and it gave milk abundantly for him, its udder filled with pure, frothy milk." "So he (peace and blessings be upon him) left that goat with her as a sign for the one who milks, who will draw milk from it again and again." When Sayyiduna Hassan bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) heard this, he composed these verses in reply to that caller: "Disappointed is the people from whom their Prophet has departed, and blessed are those to whom he journeys." "He (peace and blessings be upon him) departed from a people and their minds left them, and he alighted among another people with a renewed light." "Their Lord guided them through him (peace and blessings be upon him) after misguidance, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) showed them the way; and whoever follows the truth is rightly guided." "Can the misguided people who acted foolishly in their blindness, and the rightly guided who are guided by the one who guides, be equal?" "And upon the people of Yathrib have alighted those mounts of guidance which have opened the doors of good fortune for them." "He is a Prophet who sees what the people around him do not see, and he recites the Book of Allah in every place." "And if one day he tells of something unseen, its confirmation comes by the forenoon of the next day."
The chain of this hadith is sahih (authentic), but the two Shaykhs did not record it. There are several proofs of its authenticity and of the truthfulness of its narrators. First, the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) stopping at these two tents is established by mass transmission (tawatur) through numerous sahih reports. Second, those who narrated this hadith in its proper form are the Bedouin desert-dwellers of those tents, who cannot be accused of fabricating hadith or of adding to it or omitting from it, and they took it word for word from Umm Ma'bad and Abu Ma'bad. Third, it has chains that are like taking by the hand, that is, the son from the father and the father from the grandfather, with no irsal (break) in it and no weakness in its narrators. Fourth, al-Hurr bin al-Sayyah al-Nakha'i took it from Abu Ma'bad just as his son took it from him. As for the chain that we have given on the authority of the Ka'bi narrators, it is a high ('ali) and sahih chain of these Bedouins, and we have also attained a high chain ('uluw) in the hadith of al-Hurr bin al-Sayyah.
Hadith Reference مستدرکِ حاکم / كتاب الهجرة / 4320
Hadith Grading محدثین: أصل حديث أم معبد هذا حسن إن شاء الله بتعدد طرقه
Hadith Takhrij «أصل حديث أم معبد هذا حسن إن شاء الله بتعدد طرقه، وقد حسنه الحافظ العلائي في "إثارة الفوائد" 2/ 717، ومن قبله قال ابن عبد البر في "الدرر في اختصار المغازي والسير" ص 83: مشهور عن الثقات، وقال ابن كثير في "البداية والنهاية" 4/ 472: قصة أم معبد مشهورة مروية من طرق يشُدُّ بعضها بعضًا.» [ترقيم الرساله 4320] [ترقيم الشركة 4297] [ترقيم العلميه 4274]
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) أي: يرويهم بعض الرّيّ، كما في "النهاية" لابن الأثير، قال: والرواية المشهورة فيه بالباء، يعني: يربض كما أُعجم في (ز).
Note / Clarification: (1) "Yarmud" means it quenches their thirst somewhat, as Ibn al-Athir said in "al-Nihayah". He said: The well-known narration of it is with "ba'", that is, "yurbid" (to sate them so they lie down heavy), as is made clear with dots in manuscript (Z).

(1) تحرّف في أصولنا الخطية إلى: تساوكهن. بزيادة الهاء، ولا معنى للكلمة بزيادتها، وإنما هي تَسَاوَكُنَ بمعنى: يمشين مشيًا ضعيفًا، والتساوُك: التمايُل من الضعف.
Note / Clarification: (1) In our manuscripts this word has been distorted to "tasawakuhunna" (with an added ha'), which gives no meaning. The correct word is "tasawakna", meaning: they walk weakly (al-tasawuk: swaying from weakness).

(1) في أصولنا الخطية: أبا بكر، بدل: بني كعب، وهو خطأ نشأ عن انتقال النظر إلى البيت الذي قبله، وبنو كعب هم أحد خُزاعة، وهو كعب بن عمرو بن ربيعة قبيل أم معبد.
Note / Clarification: (1) In our manuscripts "Aba Bakr" is written in place of "Bani Ka'b"; this error arose from the eye slipping to the preceding verse. Banu Ka'b is a branch of the tribe of Khuza'ah (Ka'b bin Amr bin Rabi'ah), which is the tribe of Umm Ma'bad.

(2) أصل حديث أم معبد هذا حسن إن شاء الله بتعدد طرقه، وقد حسنه الحافظ العلائي في "إثارة الفوائد" 2/ 717، ومن قبله قال ابن عبد البر في "الدرر في اختصار المغازي والسير" ص 83: مشهور عن الثقات، وقال ابن كثير في "البداية والنهاية" 4/ 472: قصة أم معبد مشهورة مروية من طرق يشُدُّ بعضها بعضًا.
Grading: (2) The core of this hadith of Umm Ma'bad is hasan, in sha' Allah, on the basis of its multiple routes. Al-Hafiz al-Ala'i graded it hasan in "Itharat al-Fawa'id" (2/717). Before him, Ibn Abd al-Barr said in "al-Durar fi Ikhtisar al-Maghazi" (p. 83): "It is well known from trustworthy narrators." And Ibn Kathir said in "al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah" (4/472): "The story of Umm Ma'bad is well known, and it is narrated through routes that strengthen one another."
قلنا: حزام بن هشام وأبوه لا بأس بهما، وقد اختلف في صحبة هشام، والصحيح أنه تابعي، واسم جده خالد وليس خويلدًا كما سُمِّي هنا في رواية المصنف، فقد سمَّى جده خالدًا كل من ترجم لحبيش في الصحابة، وكذلك وقع مسمى في رواية غير المصنف، والصحبة لحبيش بن خالد، وقد نَصَّ على ذكره في إسناد هذا الخبر غير واحد ممّن رواه عن حزام بن هشام، ولهذا ذكر البغوي والطبراني وابن منده وأبو نُعيم وغيرهم ممن ألف في الصحابة هذا الخبر في ترجمة حبيش.
Grading: We say: There is no harm in Hizam bin Hisham and his father (Hisham) (la ba'sa bihima). There is disagreement over Hisham's being a Companion; the correct view is that he is a Successor (tabi'i). His grandfather's name is "Khalid", not "Khuwaylid" as it comes here in the author's narration, because all those who wrote a biography of Hubaysh among the Companions named his grandfather Khalid, and the same name occurs in the narrations of others besides the author. The honour of companionship belongs to "Hubaysh bin Khalid", and several of those who narrated it from Hizam bin Hisham mentioned him explicitly in the chain; for this reason al-Baghawi, al-Tabarani, Ibn Mandah, Abu Nu'aym and others (who wrote books on the Companions) mentioned this report in the biography of Hubaysh.
وقد سمع هشام بن حبيش من عمته أم معبد أيضًا بعض قصتها مما لم يحدثه به أبوه حبيش كما نبه عليه أبو حاتم الرازي فيما نقله عنه ابنه في "الجرح والتعديل" في ترجمة حبيش بن خالد 3/ 299 - 300، فقال: روى حبيش بن خالد الخزاعي عن النبي ﷺ أول حديث الصفة حين أخرج النبي ﷺ من مكة، وباقي حديث الصفة عن أم معبد.
Details of the narration: Hisham bin Hubaysh also heard part of the story from his paternal aunt "Umm Ma'bad" which his father Hubaysh had not narrated to him, as Abu Hatim al-Razi pointed out (see "al-Jarh wa al-Ta'dil" by Ibn Abi Hatim, biography of Hubaysh bin Khalid 3/299-300). He said: "Hubaysh bin Khalid al-Khuza'i narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) the first part of the hadith of the description (of the Prophet), when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) left Makkah, and the rest of the hadith of the description from Umm Ma'bad."
والحسين بن حميد بن الربيع فيه لين، لكنه لم ينفرد به، فقد توبع فيه.
Grading: Al-Husayn bin Humayd bin al-Rabi' has "lin" (softness, weakness), but he is not alone in this narration; rather, he has been corroborated.
وسليمان بن الحكم بن أيوب روى عنه غير واحدٍ منهم أبو حاتم الرازي، ولا يعرفُ بجرح، ثم هو متابع أيضًا، وأخوه أيوب بن الحكم روى عنه اثنان وذكره ابن حبان في "الثقات"، ولم ينفرد به، بل توبع، وسالم بن محمد الخزاعي لم نتبينه.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): More than one narrator narrated from Sulayman bin al-Hakam bin Ayyub, among them Abu Hatim al-Razi, and no criticism of him is known; moreover, he has also been corroborated. His brother Ayyub bin al-Hakam had two narrators narrate from him, and Ibn Hibban mentioned him in "al-Thiqat"; he too is not alone, but has been corroborated. As for Salim bin Muhammad al-Khuza'i, we could not establish who he is.
وأخرجه البيهقي في "دلائل النبوة" 11/ 281 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi narrated it in "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (11/281) from Abu Abd Allah al-Hakim, with this same chain.
وأخرجه أبو القاسم البغوي في "معجم الصحابة" (505) عن سليمان بن الحكم، به.
Reference / Source: Abu al-Qasim al-Baghawi narrated it in "Mu'jam al-Sahabah" (505) from Sulayman bin al-Hakam, with this same chain.
وأخرجه أبو القاسم اللالكائي في "أصول الاعتقاد" (1435) من طريق محمد بن هارون الروياني، والبيهقي في "دلائل النبوة" 1/ 277 من طريق عبد الواحد بن يوسف بن أيوب بن الحكم الخزاعي، كلاهما عن سليمان بن الحكم، به. لكن عبد الواحد قال في روايته: عن حزام بن هشام، عن أبيه هشام، عن جده حبيش بن خالد فنصَّ على ذكر جده في الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Abu al-Qasim al-Lalaka'i narrated it in "Usul al-I'tiqad" (1435) through the route of Muhammad bin Harun al-Ruyani, and al-Bayhaqi in "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (1/277) through the route of Abd al-Wahid bin Yusuf bin Ayyub bin al-Hakam al-Khuza'i. Both of them narrate it from Sulayman bin al-Hakam.
Details of the narration: But Abd al-Wahid said in his narration: "from Hizam bin Hisham, from his father Hisham, from his grandfather Hubaysh bin Khalid", that is, he explicitly mentioned the grandfather (Hubaysh) in the chain.
وأخرجه الطبري في "ذيل المذيل" كما في "منتخبه" لعُريب بن سعد القرطبي، 11/ 577، وأبو بكر الشافعي في "الغيلانيات" (1140)، واللالكائي في "أصول الاعتقاد" (1436) و (1437)، والبيهقي في "الدلائل" 1/ 277، وابن عبد البر في "الاستيعاب" (3573)، وأبو القاسم الأصبهاني في "دلائل النبوة" (42)، وابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 3/ 323، وابن الأثير في "أسد الغابة" 1/ 451 من طريق محمد بن سليمان بن الحكم بن أيوب الخزاعي، عن عمه أيوب بن الحكم، به. وذكر في روايته حبيشًا كذلك.
Reference / Source: Al-Tabari narrated it in "Dhayl al-Mudhayyal" (as in the selection of Arib bin Sa'd al-Qurtubi, 11/577); Abu Bakr al-Shafi'i in "al-Ghaylaniyyat" (1140); al-Lalaka'i in "Usul al-I'tiqad" (1436 and 1437); al-Bayhaqi in "al-Dala'il" (1/277); Ibn Abd al-Barr in "al-Isti'ab" (3573); Abu al-Qasim al-Asbahani in "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (42); Ibn Asakir in "Tarikh Dimashq" (3/323); and Ibn al-Athir in "Usd al-Ghabah" (1/451), through the route of Muhammad bin Sulayman bin al-Hakam bin Ayyub al-Khuza'i from his paternal uncle Ayyub bin al-Hakam, with this same chain.
Details of the narration: He too mentioned "Hubaysh" in his narration.
وأخرجه الحكيم الترمذي في "نوادر الأصول" مختصرًا (253)، وأبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (2265) من طريق يحيى بن سليمان بن نضلة الخزاعي، عن حزام بن هشام، به. بذكر حبيش بن خالد، ويحيى بن سليمان هذا قال عنه ابن عدي: روى عن مالك وأهل المدينة أحاديث عامتها مستقيمة. وسيأتي عند المصنف برقم (4322) من طريق مكرم بن محرز بن مهدي الخزاعي، عن أبيه، عن حزام بن هشام بذكر حبيش أيضًا.
Reference / Source: Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi narrated it in abridged form in "Nawadir al-Usul" (253), and Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (2265), through the route of Yahya bin Sulayman bin Nadlah al-Khuza'i from Hizam bin Hisham, with the mention of "Hubaysh bin Khalid".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): About Yahya bin Sulayman, Ibn Adi said: "He narrated hadiths from Malik and the people of Madinah, most of which are sound (mustaqim)." This narration will come later with the author (no. 4322) through the route of Mukram bin Muhriz bin Mahdi al-Khuza'i, from his father, from Hizam bin Hisham, with the mention of Hubaysh.
وأخرج ابن سعد في "الطبقات الكبرى" 10/ 273 عن محمد بن عمر الواقدي، والبخاري في "تاريخه الكبير" 3/ 116، وأبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (8041) من طريق أبي النضر هاشم بن القاسم، والطبراني في "الكبير" 24 / (863)، وأبو نعيم في "المعرفة" (7771)، وابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 12/ 358 من طريق عبد الله بن إدريس، ثلاثتهم عن حزام بن هشام، عن أبيه، عن أم معبد، قالت: طلع علينا أربعة على راحلتين، فنزلوا بي، فجئت رسول الله ﷺ بشاة أريد أن أذبحها، فإذا هي ذاتُ دَرٍّ، فأدنيتها منه، فلمس ضرعها، فقال: "لا تذبحيها" فأرسلتها، قالت: وجئتُ بأخرى فذبحتها، فطحنتُ لهم فأكل هو وأصحابه، قلت: ومن معه؟ قالت: ابن أبي قحافة ومولى ابن أبي قحافة وابن أُريقط وهو على شركه، قالت: فتغدى رسول الله منها وأصحابه وسُفرتهم منها ما وسعت سُفْرتهم، وبقي عندنا لحمها أو أكثره، فبقيت الشاة التي لمس رسول الله ﷺ ضَرعها عندنا حتى كان زمان الرمادة زمان عمر بن الخطاب - وهي سنة ثماني عشرة من الهجرة - قالت: وكنا نحلبها صبوحًا وغبوقًا وما في الأرض قليل ولا كثير. هذا لفظ الواقدي، وهو أتم من رواية الآخرين.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd narrated it in "al-Tabaqat al-Kubra" (10/273) from Muhammad bin Umar al-Waqidi; al-Bukhari in "al-Tarikh al-Kabir" (3/116) and Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (8041) through the route of Abu al-Nadr Hashim bin al-Qasim; and al-Tabarani in "al-Kabir" (24/863), Abu Nu'aym in "al-Ma'rifah" (7771) and Ibn Asakir in "Tarikh Dimashq" (12/358) through the route of Abd Allah bin Idris. All three of them narrate it from Hizam bin Hisham, from his father, from Umm Ma'bad.
Details of the narration: She said: "Four people came to us on two mounts and stayed with me. I brought a goat to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) intending to slaughter it, and saw that it was giving milk. I brought it near him, and he touched its udder and said: 'Do not slaughter it', so I let it go. Then I brought another one and slaughtered it, and I ground (flour) for them, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions ate." The narrator asked: Who was with him? Umm Ma'bad said: "Ibn Abi Quhafah (Abu Bakr), his freed slave (Amir bin Fuhayrah), and Ibn Uraiqit (the guide), who was still upon his polytheism." Umm Ma'bad said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions had their midday meal from it and also took from it provisions for their journey as much as they could carry, and its meat, or most of it, remained with us. The goat whose udder the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had touched remained with us until the Year of Ramadah (the year of famine), i.e. the time of Umar (which was the eighteenth year after the Hijrah). We used to milk it morning and evening, while there was neither little nor much (fodder) on the land (because of the famine)." (These are the words of al-Waqidi, which are more complete than the narration of the others.)
وأخرجه ابن أبي عاصم في "الآحاد والمثاني" (3485) و (3486)، ومن طريقه أبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (7769) من طريق عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن شُعبة، عن حزام بن هشام، عن أبيه، عن جده، عن أم معبد. وجمع بين روايتي حبيش بن خالد وأخته أم معبد في سياق واحد، وجعله من رواية حبيش عن أم معبد، وقد أورد ابن عبد البر في "الاستيعاب" (3405) هذا الخبر من هذا الطريق نقلًا عن أبي جعفر العقيلي، لكنه سمَّى الراوي عن حزام عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن سعيد اليمامي الحنفي، ولا يُعرف عبد الرحمن هذا، وقد وهم في جمعه بين سياق رواية حبيش مع سياق أخته أم معبد وجعله كله عن أم معبد، وانفرد بذلك.
Reference / Source: Ibn Abi Asim narrated it in "al-Ahad wa al-Mathani" (3485 and 3486), and through his route Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (7769), through the route of Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad bin Shu'bah, from Hizam bin Hisham, from his father, from his grandfather, from Umm Ma'bad.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): He combined the narrations of both Hubaysh bin Khalid and his sister Umm Ma'bad in a single account and made it a narration of Hubaysh from Umm Ma'bad. Ibn Abd al-Barr mentioned it through this same route in "al-Isti'ab" (3405), quoting from Abu Ja'far al-Uqayli, but he named the narrator from Hizam as "Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad bin Sa'id al-Yamami al-Hanafi", whereas this Abd al-Rahman is unknown (la yu'raf). This narrator erred (wahm) in combining the account of Hubaysh's narration with the account of Umm Ma'bad's narration and attributed the whole narration to Umm Ma'bad, and he is alone in this.
وسيأتي بعده من طريق الحُر بن الصيَّاح النخعي عن أبي معبد، لكن الراوي عنه عبد الملك بن وهب المذحجي لا يُعرف إلا في هذا الخبر، على أنَّ أبا حاتم الرازي احتمل أن يكون هو سليمان بن عمرو بن عبد الله بن وهب النخعي المتهم بوضع الحديث، يعني أنَّ الراوي دلس في اسمه وهو ما يُعرف بتدليس الشيوخ. على أنَّ فيه إرسالًا كما سيأتي بيانه.
Details of the narration: This narration will come after this one through the route of al-Hurr bin al-Sayyah al-Nakha'i from Abu Ma'bad, but the narrator from him, "Abd al-Malik bin Wahb al-Madhhiji", is not known except in this report.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Abu Hatim al-Razi considered it possible that he is "Sulayman bin Amr bin Abd Allah bin Wahb al-Nakha'i", who was accused of fabricating hadith; that is, the narrator disguised his name, which is what is known as "tadlis al-shuyukh" (disguising the name of a teacher). Moreover, it also contains "irsal" (a break in the chain), as will be explained later.
وأخرج البيهقي في د "لائل النبوة" 2/ 492، وابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 40/ 378 - 379 قصة بنحو قصة أم معبد، من طريق يحيى بن زكريا بن أبي زائدة، عن محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلي - وهو سيئ الحفظ - عن عبد الرحمن بن الأصبهاني، عن عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلى، عن أبي بكر الصديق، فذكر بعض ما ورد في حديث حبيش وحديث أم معبد، وقال البيهقي: هذه القصة وإن كانت تنقص عما رُوِّينا في قصة أم معبد ويزيد في بعضها، فهي قريبة منها، ويشبه أن يكونا واحدة، وقد ذكر محمد بن إسحاق بن يسار من قصة أم معبد شيئًا يدل على أنها وهذه واحدة، والله أعلم.
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi in "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (2/492) and Ibn Asakir in "Tarikh Dimashq" (40/378-379) narrated a story similar to the story of Umm Ma'bad through the route of Yahya bin Zakariyya bin Abi Za'idah, from Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla (he is sayyi' al-hifz, of poor memory), from Abd al-Rahman bin al-Asbahani, from Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla, from Abu Bakr al-Siddiq.
Details of the narration: He mentioned some parts of the hadith of Hubaysh and of Umm Ma'bad. Al-Bayhaqi said: "Although this story falls short of what we have narrated in the story of Umm Ma'bad, and exceeds it in some things, it is close to it, and it seems that they are one and the same incident. Muhammad bin Ishaq mentioned something from the story of Umm Ma'bad which indicates that it and this one are the same. And Allah knows best."
قوله: بَرْزة، أي: عفيفة رزينة يتحدث إليها الرجال فتبرز لهم وهي كهلة قد خلا بها السنُّ، فخرجت عن حد المحجوبات.
Note / Clarification: His word "barzah": it means a chaste and dignified woman with whom men converse and before whom she appears (outside of seclusion); she is of middle age, past youth, and has passed beyond the bounds of (secluded) young women.
وقوله: جَلْدة، أي: قوية صُلْبة.
Note / Clarification: His word "jaldah": that is, strong and hardy.
والمُرمِلُ: الذي نَفِدَ زاده فرقت حاله.
Note / Clarification: "Al-murmil": a person whose provisions have run out and whose condition has become poor.
والمُسنِتُ: الداخل في السنة، وهي الجَدْبُ.
Note / Clarification: "Al-musnit": one who has entered a year of drought (sanah), i.e. stricken by drought.
والحَلَبُ: مصدر حلبته.
Note / Clarification: "Al-halab": it is the verbal noun of milking.
وتفاجَّت، أي: وسَّعت ما بين رجليها، وتفعله الشاة عند الحلب والبول.
Note / Clarification: "Tafajjat": that is, she (the goat) spread her legs apart; a goat does this when being milked or when urinating.
واجترت، أي: أخرجت الجِرّة - وهو العلف - من جوفها إلى فيها لتمضغها.
Note / Clarification: "Ijtarrat": that is, she chewed the cud (brought up fodder from her stomach into her mouth to chew it).
والثجُّ: السيلان الكثير.
Note / Clarification: "Al-thajj": abundant flowing.
والبهاء: وبيصُ رغوة اللبن وبريقها.
Note / Clarification: "Al-baha'": the gleam and shine of the froth of milk.
والعازب: البعيد.
Note / Clarification: "Al-azib": far away (livestock that goes far to graze).
والحائل: التي لم تحمل.
Note / Clarification: "Al-ha'il": an animal that is not pregnant.
والحلوب: التي تُحلب.
Note / Clarification: "Al-halub": an animal that is milked.
والأبلج الوجه: الحسن المشرق المضيء.
Note / Clarification: "Al-ablaj al-wajh": having a handsome, radiant and bright face.
والثُجْلة: عظم البطن مع استرخاء أسفله.
Note / Clarification: "Al-thujlah": a large belly sagging at the bottom.
والإزراء: التهاون بالشيء والاحتقار له.
Note / Clarification: "Al-izra'": to regard something as contemptible and of little worth.
والصَّعْلة: صغر الرأس.
Note / Clarification: "Al-sa'lah": smallness of the head.
والوسيم: المشهور بالحُسن.
Note / Clarification: "Al-wasim": one who is renowned for beauty.
والقسيم: الحسن الوجه.
Note / Clarification: "Al-qasim": having a handsome face.
والدَّعَج: شدة سواد العين مع سعتها.
Note / Clarification: "Al-da'aj": intense blackness of the eye together with its wideness.
والأشفار: حروف الأجفان التي ينبت عليها الشعر.
Note / Clarification: "Al-ashfar": the edges of the eyelids on which the lashes grow.
والوَطَف: كثرة شعر العين والاسترخاء، وإنما يكون ذلك مع الطول.
Note / Clarification: "Al-watf": the eyelashes being thick and long and drooping.
والصَّهَل: صوت فيه.
Note / Clarification: "Al-sahal": huskiness/depth in the voice.
والسَّطَع: طول العنق. والأزجُّ: المتقوّس الحاجبين.
Note / Clarification: "Al-sata'": length of the neck. "Al-azajj": one with eyebrows arched like a bow.
والأقرن: المتصل رأسًا حاجَبيه.
Note / Clarification: "Al-aqran": one whose two eyebrows are joined together.
والنزر: القليل.
Note / Clarification: "Al-nazr": little/scant.
والهذر: الكثير غير المفيد.
Note / Clarification: "Al-hadhar": idle and excessive (useless) talk.
لا تشنؤه من طُول: لا يُبغَضُ لفرط طوله.
Note / Clarification: "La tashna'uhu min tul": he is not disliked for being excessively tall (i.e. his height was not unusually tall).
والرَّبْعة: ما بين الطويل والقصير.
Note / Clarification: "Al-rab'ah": of medium height (between tall and short).
ولا تقتحمه عينٌ من قصر، أي: لا تحتقره العيون لقصره فتتركه وتتجاوزه إلى غيره.
Note / Clarification: "La taqtahimuhu aynun min qisar": eyes do not look down on him for being short so as to pass him by and move on to someone else.
والمحفُود: المخدوم.
Note / Clarification: "Al-mahfud": one who is served.
والمحشود: الذي يجتمع الناس حوله.
Note / Clarification: "Al-mahshud": one around whom people gather.
والعابس: الكالح الوجه المقطّب.
Note / Clarification: "Al-abis": sour-faced and frowning.
والمُفَنَّد: المنسوب إلى الجهل وقلة العقل.
Note / Clarification: "Al-mufannad": one who is attributed with ignorance and lack of intelligence (i.e. he was not one who talked nonsense).
والرفيقان: النبي ﷺ وأبو بكر.
Note / Clarification: "Al-rafiqan": the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him).
وزَوَى: قبض ومنع.
Note / Clarification: "Zawa": gathered in, withheld.
والسُّؤدد: السيادة.
Note / Clarification: "Al-su'dud": leadership/eminence.
والمرصد: موضع الرَّصد، وهم القوم الذين يحفظون الطرق، وهو انتظار الشيء وارتقابه.
Note / Clarification: "Al-marsad": a place of lying in wait, or the people who watch over the roads; waiting for something and watching for it.
والصريح: اللبن الخالص.
Note / Clarification: "Al-sarih": pure milk.
والضَّرَّة: أصل الضَّرْع الذي لا يخلو من اللبن.
Note / Clarification: "Al-darrah": the base of the udder, which is never empty of milk.
والمزيد: الذي عَلاهُ الزَّبَد.
Note / Clarification: "Al-muzbid": (milk) topped with froth.
وغادرها رهنًا لديها، أي: تركها محبوسة لديها لمن يحلبها، كالرهن عند المرتهن.
Note / Clarification: "Ghadaraha rahnan ladayha": he left it with her as a pledge (rahn) so that whoever wished could milk it, just as a pledge remains with the one holding it.
وشبَّبَ، أي: ابتدأ في جواب الهاتف. وهو من تشبيب الكتب، أي: ابتداؤها والأخذ في جوابها.
Note / Clarification: "Shabbaba": that is, he began composing verse in reply to the unseen caller (hatif). It is from "tashbib al-kutub", i.e. beginning a letter or starting its reply.
والسُّرى: سير الليل
Note / Clarification: "Al-sura": travelling by night.
والاغتداء: سير الغُدْوة.
Note / Clarification: "Al-ightida'": travelling in the early morning.
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 4320