حدَّثَناه الحسن بن محمد الإسفراييني، حدثنا محمد بن أحمد بن البَرَاء، حدثنا عبد المنعم بن إدريس، عن أبيه، عن وهب بن مُنبِّه، عن عبد الله بن عبّاس: أنه قال لرجلٍ جالسٍ عندَه وهو يُحدَّث أصحابه: ادْنُ منّي، فقال له الرجلُ: أبقاك اللهُ، والله ما أُحسِنُ أن أسألك كما سأل هؤلاء، فقال: ادْنُ منّي فأُحدّثَك عن الأنبياء المذكورين في كتاب الله، أُحدِّثُك عن آدمَ أنه كان عبدًا حَرّاثًا، وأحدِّثُك عن نوح أنه كان عبدًا نجّارًا، وأحدِّثُك عن إدريس أنه كان عبدًا خَيّاطًا، وأحدِّثُك عن داود أنه كان عبدًا زَرّادًا، وأحدّثُك عن موسى أنه كان عبدًا راعِيًا، وأحدِّثُك عن إبراهيم أنه كان عبدًا زَرّاعًا، عظيمَ الضِّيافة، يُؤثِرُ المساكين على نفسه، ويَجبُرهم في ماله، وأحدِّثُك عن شعيب أنه كان عبدًا راعِيًا، وأحدِّثُك عن لوط أنه كان عبدًا زَرّاعًا، وأحدِّثُك عن صالح أنه كان عبدًا، تاجِرًا، وأحدِّثُك عن سليمان أنه كان عبدًا آتاه الله المُلكَ وكان يَصومُ في أول الشهر ستةَ أيام، وفي وسطِه ثلاثةَ أيام، وفي آخره ثلاثةَ أيام، وكانت له تسعُ مئة سُرِّيّة، وثلاثُ مئة مَهْرِيّة (1)، وأحدِّثُك عن ابن العَذْراء البَتُول عيسى ابن مريم أنه كان لا يَخبَأُ شيئًا لِغَدٍ، ويقول: الذي غَدَّاني سوف يُعشِّيني، والذي عَشَّاني سوف يُغدِّيني، يَعبُدُ الله ليلتَه كلَّها، يُصلِّي حتى تَطلُعَ الشمسُ، وهو بالنهار سائِحٌ، ويصوم الدهرَ كلَّه، ويقوم الليلَ كلَّه. وأحدِّثُك عن النبي المصطفى ﷺ أنه كان يَرعى غنمَ أهل بيتِه بأجيادٍ، وكان يصومُ فنقول: لا يُفطِر، ويُفطِر، فنقول: لا يصومُ، قَلَّما (2) رأيناهُ صائمًا، ويصومُ من كل شهر ثلاثةَ أيام، وكان ألْينَ الناس جانبًا، وأطيَبَهم خَبَرًا، وأطولَهم علمًا، وأُخبِرُك عن حَوّاء أنها كانت تَغزِلُ الشعرَ فتحوّلُه بيدِها، فتَكسُو نفسَها وولدَها، وأنَّ مريم بنت عِمران كانت تَصنعُ ذلك (3). قال الحاكم: فأما الحديثُ المُسنَد العالي الذي يَدلُّ على الجُملة مُفسّرًا فهو الذي:
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said to a man sitting with him, while he was talking with his companions: "Come close to me." The man said: "May Allah preserve you. By Allah, I do not know how to question you the way these people do." So Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "Come close to me so that I may tell you about the prophets who are mentioned in the Book of Allah. I tell you about Adam (peace be upon him) that he was a servant who tilled the land; about Nuh (peace be upon him) that he was a carpenter; about Idris (peace be upon him) that he was a tailor; about Dawud (peace be upon him) that he was a maker of armour; about Musa (peace be upon him) that he was a shepherd; and about Ibrahim (peace be upon him) that he was a farmer, he was very hospitable, he preferred the poor over himself and fulfilled their needs from his wealth; about Shu'ayb (peace be upon him) that he was a shepherd; about Lut (peace be upon him) that he was a farmer; about Salih (peace be upon him) that he was a merchant; about Sulayman (peace be upon him) that he was a servant to whom Allah granted kingship, he fasted six days at the beginning of the month, three days in the middle and three days at the end, and he had nine hundred concubines and three hundred wives; and about the son of the virgin and chaste Maryam, Isa (peace be upon him), that he would not save anything for the next day, and he would say that the One who gave me my morning meal will also give me my evening meal, and the One who gave me my evening meal will also give me my morning meal. He would spend his whole night in the worship of Allah, praying until the sun rose, and during the day he would travel about; he fasted perpetually and stood in prayer the whole night. And about the Prophet al-Mustafa (peace and blessings be upon him), that he used to graze the goats of his family at Ajyad. He would fast (voluntarily) until we would say he will not break his fast now, and when he broke his fast we would say he will not fast now. We rarely saw him fasting continuously. He fasted three days of every month. He was the gentlest of people in manner, the best in character and the highest of them in knowledge. And I tell you about Hawwa (peace be upon her) that she used to spin wool and weave it with her hands, then make clothing for herself and her children, and Maryam bint Imran also used to do this same work."
Imam al-Hakim says: As for the hadith with an elevated chain that explains this whole discussion in detail, it is the following:
Hadith Referenceمستدرکِ حاکم / كتاب : تواريخ المتقدمين من الأنبياء والمرسلين / 4210
Hadith Gradingمحدثین:إسناده واهٍ كسابقه
Hadith Takhrij«إسناده واهٍ كسابقه،» [ترقيم الرساله 4210] [ترقيم الشركة 4187]
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) والمراد بالمهرية: ذات المَهر، أي التي دُفع لها مهر من الحرائر. Note / Clarification: "Al-Mahriyyah" means a woman with a dowry, i.e. the free women who were given a dowry (at marriage).
(2) تحرَّف في (ز) و (ب) إلى: وكلها ما، وفي (ص) و (ع) إلى: كلما. Technical note / Defect ('illah): In manuscripts (Z) and (B) this has been corrupted into "wa-kulluha ma," and in manuscripts (S) and ('A) into "kullama."
(3) إسناده واهٍ كسابقه. Grading: Its chain is wahin (extremely weak), like the previous one.
(3) إسناده واهٍ كسابقه. وقد صحَّ عن ابن عبّاس في ذكر صيام النبي ﷺ أنه ﷺ كان يصوم حتى نقول: لا يَفطر، ويُفطر حتى نقول: لا يصوم. أخرجه أحمد 3/ (1998)، والبخاري (1971)، ومسلم (1157)، وأبو داود (2430)، وابن ماجه (1711)، والنسائي (2667) من طريق سعيد بن جُبَير، عن ابن عبّاس. Grading: Its chain is wahin, like the previous one. Important point: It is authentically reported from Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), concerning the fasting of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that he (peace and blessings be upon him) would fast until we said he would not break his fast, and would go without fasting until we said he would not fast. Reference / Source: It was recorded by Ahmad 3/(1998), al-Bukhari (1971), Muslim (1157), Abu Dawud (2430), Ibn Majah (1711) and al-Nasa'i (2667) via Sa'id bin Jubayr, from Ibn 'Abbas. وصحَّ مثله عن عائشة عند أحمد 40/ (24116)، والبخاري (1969)، ومسلم (1156). Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Similar is authentically reported from 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) in Ahmad 40/(24116), al-Bukhari (1969) and Muslim (1156). وصحَّ في صومه ﷺ ثلاثةَ أيام من كل شهر حديثُ عبد الله بن مسعود عند أحمد 6/ (3860)، وأبي داود (2450)، والترمذي (742)، والنسائي (2689) و (2771)، وابن حبان (3641). Important point: Concerning his (peace and blessings be upon him) fasting three days of every month, the hadith of 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud is sahih. Reference / Source: Ahmad 6/(3860), Abu Dawud (2450), al-Tirmidhi (742), al-Nasa'i (2689) and (2771), and Ibn Hibban (3641). وحديثُ عائشة عند مسلم (1160)، وأبي داود (2453)، وابن ماجه (1709)، والترمذي (763)، وابن حبان (3654). Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Likewise (concerning the three days of fasting) the hadith of 'A'ishah is in Muslim (1160), Abu Dawud (2453), Ibn Majah (1709), al-Tirmidhi (763) and Ibn Hibban (3654).
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 4210