Musnad of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him)

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that he addressed us and said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed us last year." Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) wept (in remembrance of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)) and said: "Ask Allah Almighty for well-being, for after perfect certainty (faith) no one in this world has been given any blessing better than well-being. Listen! Hold fast to truthfulness, for truthfulness is with righteousness, and both will be in Paradise; and keep away from lying, for lying is with sin, and both will be in Hell. Do not cut off relations with one another, do not hate one another, and do not envy one another; rather, live as servants of Allah and as brothers, as Allah Almighty has commanded you."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Hold fast to truthfulness, for truthfulness is with righteousness, and both will be in Paradise; and beware of lying, for lying is with sin and wickedness, and both will be in Hell. Do not cut off relations with one another, nor turn your backs on one another; rather, as servants of Allah, become brothers, as Allah Almighty has commanded you."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) that, when he assumed the office of caliph, he addressed us and said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood in this very place of mine last year." Then he (may Allah be pleased with him) wept (in remembrance of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him)) and said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had said: "Ask Allah Almighty for pardon and forgiveness, and for well-being and safety."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that after the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) he said (on one occasion): "Last year the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came among us in exactly this place where I stand today, and then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Ask Allah Almighty for well-being and safety,' for after the gift of certainty (faith), no person has been given any blessing better than well-being."

It is narrated from Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) that he read the document of Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) in which it was written: "In fewer than five camels nothing is due (as zakah). When they number five, one goat is due on them up to nine; when they are ten, two goats up to fourteen; when they are fifteen, three goats up to nineteen; when they are twenty, four goats up to twenty-four. When they reach twenty-five, one 'bint makhad' (a one-year-old she-camel) is due on them up to thirty-five; when they exceed that, one 'bint labun' (a two-year-old she-camel) up to forty-five; when they are more than that, one 'hiqqah' (a three-year-old she-camel) up to sixty; when they go beyond that, two 'bint labun' up to ninety; when they exceed that, two 'hiqqah' up to one hundred and twenty. Then, when the number exceeds one hundred and twenty, on every fifty camels one 'hiqqah' and on every forty one 'bint labun' will be due. And as for the nisab of goats, nothing is due on fewer than forty; when they reach forty, one goat is due on them up to one hundred and twenty; when they exceed that, two goats up to two hundred; then when they go beyond two hundred, three goats up to three hundred; and when they exceed three hundred, then one goat will be due on every hundred goats."

It is narrated from Ayyub (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: "We saw with Thumamah bin Abdullah bin Anas (may Allah have mercy on him) a document (a written decree) which Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) had written for Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) when he (may Allah be pleased with him) sent him as the official over the zakah (collection) of Bahrain. It bore the blessed seal of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and in it was the same statement (or ruling) as has passed above."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote this document for him: "These are the obligations of zakah which Allah Almighty commanded His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) with. So whichever of the Muslims is asked for zakah according to its prescribed manner, let him pay it, and whoever is asked for more than that, let him not give it. In fewer than twenty-five camels, on every five camels one goat is due. Then, when the camels reach twenty-five, one 'bint makhad' (a one-year-old female camel) is due on them up to thirty-five; if there is no bint makhad, then an 'ibn labun' (a two-year-old male camel). Then, when the camels reach thirty-six, one 'bint labun' (a two-year-old female camel) is due on them up to forty-five. Then, when they reach forty-six, one 'hiqqah' (a three-year-old female camel ready for mating) is due on them up to sixty. Then, when they reach sixty-one, one 'jadh'ah' (a four-year-old female camel) is due on them up to seventy-five. Then, when they reach seventy-six, two 'bint labun' are due on them up to ninety. Then, when they reach ninety-one, two 'hiqqah' ready for mating are due on them up to one hundred and twenty. Then, when they exceed one hundred and twenty, on every forty one 'bint labun' and on every fifty one 'hiqqah' is due. And in the obligations of zakah, when the ages of the camels differ: whoever owes a 'jadh'ah' in zakah but has no jadh'ah, and has a 'hiqqah' instead, the hiqqah will be accepted from him, and with it he will give two goats, if they are available to him, or twenty dirhams. Whoever owes a 'hiqqah' in zakah but has only a 'jadh'ah', that will be accepted from him, and the zakah collector will give him back twenty dirhams or two goats. Whoever owes a 'hiqqah' but does not have it and has a 'bint labun' instead, that will be accepted from him, and with it he will give two goats, if available, or twenty dirhams. Whoever owes a 'bint labun' but has only a 'hiqqah', that will be accepted from him, and the zakah collector will give him twenty dirhams or two goats. Whoever owes a 'bint labun' but does not have it and has a 'bint makhad' instead, that will be accepted from him, and with it he will give two goats, if available, or twenty dirhams. Whoever owes a 'bint makhad' but has only an 'ibn labun' (a male), that will be accepted from him, and nothing further will be due from him. Whoever has only four camels, no zakah is due on them, unless their owner wishes to give of his own accord. And in the zakah of goats that graze: when they are forty, one goat is due on them up to one hundred and twenty; then, when they are more than that, two goats up to two hundred; then, when they are more than that, three goats up to three hundred; then, when they exceed three hundred by even one, on every hundred one goat. In zakah neither an old animal, nor a defective one, nor the male of the goats (the billy-goat) shall be taken, unless the zakah collector wishes to accept it. For fear of zakah, separate property shall not be combined, nor combined property separated. And whatever belongs to two partners, they shall settle with one another equally (after the zakah is paid). When a man's grazing goats are even one fewer than forty, no zakah is due on them unless their owner wishes. And on silver, zakah is two and a half percent (one fortieth); if the wealth is only one hundred and ninety dirhams, nothing is due on it unless its owner wishes." Abu Khaythamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Al-riqqah" means dirhams.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O people, you recite this verse: 'O you who believe, take care of your own selves; whoever goes astray cannot harm you if you are rightly guided,' and you apply it to something other than its true meaning, whereas the reality is that when people see an evil and do not change it, it is near that Allah Almighty will seize them all in His general punishment."

Something similar is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), except that in it he did not mention the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Indeed, when people see an evil and do not change it, it is near that Allah Almighty will seize them all in His punishment."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said (addressing the people): "O people, you recite this verse and use it in a wrong sense, against its proper occasion and context: 'O you who believe, take care of your own selves; when you yourselves are rightly guided, the straying of anyone will not harm you.' Yet we heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: 'Indeed, when people see evil (in society) and do not try to change it, it is near that Allah Almighty will seize them all in His general punishment.'"

Qays bin Abi Hazim (may Allah have mercy on him) relates that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) recited this noble verse: "O you who believe, take care of your own selves; when you yourselves are rightly guided, the straying of another will not harm you." Then he (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "People use this verse against its proper context and meaning. Listen! I certainly heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: 'Indeed, when people see a wrongdoer (doing wrong) and do not seize his hands (that is, do not stop him from wrongdoing), and see an evil and do not change it, it is near that Allah Almighty will engulf them all in His punishment.'"

It is narrated from Muhammad bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) while he was sitting in the mosque. He greeted him with salam, but he did not reply. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) went to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and complained to him about the matter, saying: "I passed by Uthman and greeted him, but he did not reply to me." He asked: "Where is he?" Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "He is sitting in the mosque." The narrator says: Then we both set off towards him, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) asked him: "What prevented you from returning your brother's greeting?" He replied: "By Allah, I did not even realise that he had greeted me. He passed by me while I was thinking something over within myself, so I did not notice his greeting." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "What were you saying within yourself?" He said: "Satan found me alone and began to cast such things into my heart that I would hate to bring them onto my tongue even more than I would like to be given all the wealth and goods of the earth. While Satan was casting those whisperings into my heart, I said to myself: 'If only I had asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) what the word is that saves us from these thoughts that Satan casts into our hearts!'" Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah, I did ask the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about this; I asked him (peace and blessings be upon him) what it is that saves us from these whisperings that Satan casts into our hearts. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'What will save you from this state is the word that I commanded my uncle to say at the time of his death, but he did not accept it.'"

It is narrated from Thabit bin al-Hajjaj (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up (to deliver a sermon) after the blessed death of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "You know well how the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood among you (to address you) the previous year; there he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Ask Allah Almighty for well-being, for no servant has been given anything better than well-being after perfect certainty.' And I ask Allah Almighty for certainty and well-being."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that he sat on the pulpit and wept (from intense emotion), then said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) last year in the summer, when that time was still recent; he (peace and blessings be upon him) was saying: "Ask Allah Almighty for (perfect) certainty and well-being."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Hold fast to 'La ilaha illallah' (There is no god worthy of worship except Allah) and to seeking forgiveness, and do both abundantly, for Iblis says: 'I destroyed people through sins, and they destroyed me through La ilaha illallah and seeking forgiveness. So when I saw that, I began to destroy them through their desires, while they think that they are rightly guided.'"

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one who has sought forgiveness from Allah does not remain persistent (in his sin), even if he returns (to that sin) seventy times in a day."

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said "something similar" (with the same meaning as the previous hadith).

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever seeks forgiveness from Allah Almighty will not be counted as persisting (in sin), even if he returns (to that sin) seventy times in a day."