Those who gave the belongings of the slain to the killer

Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever kills, the property of the slain person will belong to the one who killed him."

Sayyiduna Salamah bin al-Akwa' (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever kills, the property of the slain person will belong to the killer."

Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that on the day of the Battle of Hunayn the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) declared: "Whoever kills a man, the belongings of the slain man shall go to him." Sayyiduna Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) killed twenty men that day and took their belongings.

Muhammad bin Ubaydullah (may Allah have mercy on him) reports that Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "On the day of the Battle of Badr I killed Sa'id bin al-As and took his sword, and his sword was named Dhu al-Kutayfah." And he said: "My brother Umayr had also been killed. So I brought the sword to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Go and put this sword into the collected spoils.' So I went back, and what was in my heart over the killing of my brother and the taking of my sword, none but Allah knows. I had stayed only a little while when Surah al-Anfal was revealed, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called me and said: 'Go and take your sword.'"

Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) reports that Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) went to Iraq to fight. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: "I have received word that you fought a duel with a dihqan (landowner)." He said: "Yes." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was pleased with this, and he gave him the belongings of that slain man as an extra award.

Al-Aswad bin Qays (may Allah have mercy on him) reports that Shibr bin Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "On the day of the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah I dueled with a man from among the non-Arabs, killed him and took his belongings. Then I came to Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), and Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) addressed his companions and said: 'These are the belongings of Shibr. They are better than twelve thousand dirhams, and we have given them to him as an extra award.'"

Isa bin Yunus (may Allah have mercy on him) reports from Ibn Awn and Hisham, both of them from Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him), from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him). Ibn Awn put it this way: Sayyiduna al-Bara bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) fought a duel. And Hisham (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna al-Bara bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) charged at the Marzuban of al-Zarah on the day of the Battle of al-Zarah. He struck him with a spear thrust that went into the raised edge of his saddle, and he died, and he took his bracelets and his belt. He said: When we returned, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) led the morning prayer, then he came to us and asked: "Is Abu Talhah here?" Sayyiduna Abu Talhah came out to him, and he said: "We do not take a fifth from the belongings of a slain man, but the belongings of al-Bara's slain man are a great deal of wealth." So he collected a fifth of it, which came to six thousand, since its total value was thirty thousand. Muhammad bin Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) told me that this was the first property stripped from a slain man from which a fifth was collected in Islam.

Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) reports that Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A fifth used not to be collected from the property stripped from a slain man. The first fifth taken from a slain man's property in Islam was taken from the belongings of the man slain by Sayyiduna al-Bara bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him). It happened in this way: he charged at the Marzuban of al-Zarah and struck him with a spear that went into one end of his saddle. Then he came up to him, cut off his belt and his bracelets and took them. He said: When we returned to Madinah, Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) led the morning prayer. Then he came to us and, after giving the greeting of peace, asked: "Is Abu Talhah here?" He said: "Yes, I am here." And he came out to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) then said: "We do not take a fifth from the property stripped from a slain man, but the belongings of al-Bara's slain man are a very great amount of wealth, and I will certainly take its fifth." So he called for the appraisers, and they valued it at thirty thousand, and he collected six thousand from it.

Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) declared: "Whoever kills someone, the belongings of that slain man shall belong to the killer." He said: I said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I killed a man with many belongings, then the fighting kept me occupied away from him, and I do not know who stripped his belongings." A man from the people of Makkah said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! He has spoken the truth. He did indeed kill a man, and I stripped his belongings, so now satisfy him on my behalf." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "No, by Allah! You shall not do this! Would you go to one of the lions of Allah, who fights for Him, and share with him?" At this the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) declared: "Abu Bakr has spoken the truth. Give him his belongings."

Iyas bin Salamah reports that Sayyiduna Salamah bin al-Akwa' (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I dueled with a man and killed him. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Who killed this man?" The people said: "Ibn al-Akwa'." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The belongings of this slain man shall be for Ibn al-Akwa'."

Ikrimah (may Allah have mercy on him) reports that Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) dueled with a man and killed him, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him the belongings of that slain man as an extra award.

Abu Ubaydah (may Allah have mercy on him) reports that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave us the sword of Abu Jahl as an extra award.

Al-Aswad bin Qays al-Abdi (may Allah have mercy on him) reports that Shibr bin Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: On the day of the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah a man from the people of Persia stood up, called out a challenge to single combat and spoke of his own greatness. A small man called Shibr bin Alqamah stood up to him. The Persian did this to him, that is, he lifted him up, then slammed him to the ground and threw him down. Then Shibr seized a dagger that the Persian had, plunged it into his belly and did this, that is, he worked it about. Then he came on top of him and killed him. Then he came with the property he had stripped from him to Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), who valued it at twelve thousand and gave it to him as an extra award.

Ibn Jurayj (may Allah have mercy on him) reports: I heard Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) say: We have always heard since childhood that when the Muslims and the disbelievers meet, and a man of the Muslims kills a man of the disbelievers, the belongings of that slain man shall belong to the one who killed him, unless it is in the thick of the fighting, for then it is not known who killed whom.

Al-Qasim (may Allah have mercy on him) reports that Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) was asked about the property stripped from a slain man (salab). He replied: "The salab is an extra award, and in an extra award there is the fifth."