Blood money: who is liable for it?

Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote a document between the Ansar and the Muhajirun: They will pay their blood money and ransom their prisoners, with the intention of goodness and of reconciliation and setting things right among the Muslims.

Al-Sha'bi said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) placed the blood money of Quraysh on Quraysh and the blood money of the Ansar on the Ansar.

It is narrated from Ibrahim that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) assigned the payment of blood money to the agnatic relatives.

Ibrahim said that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) came before Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) with the matter of the wala' (right of patronage) over the freed slaves of Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her). Sayyiduna Umar decided the inheritance in favor of Sayyiduna al-Zubayr and made the blood money binding on Sayyiduna Ali.

Abd al-Aziz bin Umar said that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz wrote to him concerning a man whose masters had said: We will not pay blood money on his behalf. So he wrote to the judge that he should make the blood money binding on them, for: I am certain that they are the ones who take his inheritance.

Ja'far bin Burqan said that Umar bin Abd al-Aziz wrote: If he has left no kin except his mawali (freedmen's patrons), they are the most entitled of people to his inheritance, so place the burden of his blood money on them, just as they inherit from him.

Mughirah said that Ibrahim said: Inheritance is for the blood relatives, and liability for offenses is binding on the one who freed the slave.

Mughirah said that Ibrahim, concerning a man whom some people freed while others freed his father, said: The two of them inherit from each other by virtue of kinship, and the liability for their offenses is binding on the family of their masters.

Mughirah said that Hammad said: The liability for an offense committed by a freed slave is binding on the family of his master.

Khusayf said that Mujahid said: A man came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: A man accepted Islam at my hands, then he died and left one thousand dirhams. To save myself from unease over this, I am bringing the matter before you. Sayyiduna Umar asked: What is your view: had that man committed an offense, who would have been liable for it? The man said: I. He said: Then his inheritance also goes to you.

Jabir said that Amir al-Sha'bi said: Blood money is binding on those who receive the inheritance.

Ibn Jurayj said: I asked Ata: What if people refuse to pay the blood money of their freed slave? Ata replied: If that slave's household and the people refuse to pay his blood money, he will count as the freed slave of the one who suffered the injury.

Imam al-Zuhri said that concerning this Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When a man enters into a clientage pact (muwalat) with another man, the one with whom the pact is made is entitled to his inheritance, and his family is liable for his blood money.

Shu'bah said that al-Hakam, concerning a man who has attached himself to a people, said: When he also pays blood money on their behalf, he counts as one of them.