The pledger who pledges a slave and then frees him

Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) said: If the pledger pledges a slave and then frees him, the slave becomes free, and the pledgee shall pursue the pledger.

Yahya bin Adam said: I asked al-Hasan bin Salih and Sharik about a man who pledges a slave and then frees him. They said: His freeing him is valid. Sharik said: The slave shall work to earn the pledgee's debt. Al-Hasan said: Working to earn it for the pledgee is not an obligation on the slave.

And Sharik said: The slave shall work to earn what is owed to the pledgee.

And al-Hasan bin Salih said: He is under no obligation to work to earn it.

It is narrated from Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding a man who bought a slave from another and then freed him before taking possession of him. He said: It is not valid to free him until he takes possession of him or pays his price.

Sufyan said: If a man frees a slave, the slave leaves the pledge; if he makes him a mudabbar, he likewise leaves the pledge; and if it is a slave woman with whom he has intercourse and she bears him a child, she too leaves the pledge. Then, if the master is wealthy, the pledgee shall pursue the master; and if the master is poor, these people (the slave and the slave woman) shall work to earn whichever is less, the value or the pledge. Sufyan said: Then, when the master becomes wealthy, that slave shall claim from his master whatever he worked to earn (that is, he shall recover that much money or value from him), but the umm walad and the mudabbar shall not claim from the master, because their service belongs to the master.

And Sufyan said: The slave shall claim from the master what he worked to earn when the master becomes wealthy. The umm walad and the mudabbar shall claim nothing from their master, because their service belongs to the master.