المعجم الكبير للطبراني
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (Tabarani)
باب الصاد
Companions Whose Names Begin with Sad (ص)
صخر بن حرب بن أمية بن عبد شمس بن عبد مناف أبو سفيان من أخبار أبي سفيان ووفاته
Sakhr bin Harb bin Umayyah bin Abd Shams bin Abd Manaf Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) — accounts of Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) and his death
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أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ فُسْتُقَةُ، ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ رُشَيْدٍ، عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ، قَالَ: «هَلَكَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ لِتِسْعِ سِنِينَ مَضَيْنَ مِنْ إِمَارَةِ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَكَانَ كَفَّ بَصَرَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ»
Al-Haytham bin Adi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Abu Sufyan bin Harb (may Allah have mercy on him) died when nine years of the caliphate of Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) had passed, and Abu Sufyan bin Harb had lost his sight."
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْمَدِينِيُّ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، عَنِ الْوَاقِدِيِّ قَالَ: «وَفِيهَا مَاتَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ صَخْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَمَانٍ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً، يَعْنِي سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَثَلَاثِينَ»
Al-Waqidi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "In that year Abu Sufyan Sakhr bin Harb died, at the age of eighty-eight, that is, in the year 31 AH."
حَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُقْبِلٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ، ثنا مُجَاشِعُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْأَسَدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي لَيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، أَنَّ أُمَيَّةَ بْنَ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ كَانَ بِغَزَّةَ - أَوْ قَالَ: بِإِيلِيَّا - فَلَمَّا قَفَلْنَا، قَالَ لِي أُمَيَّةُ: يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، إِنْ نَتَقَدَّمْ عَنِ الرُّفْقَةِ، فَنَتَحَدَّثْ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَفَعَلْنَا فَقَالَ لِي: يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، أَيُّهُنَّ عَنْ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ؟ قُلْتُ: أَيُّهُنَّ عَنْ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ؟ قَالَ: كَرِيمُ الطَّرَفَيْنِ، وَيَجْتَنِبُ الْمَظَالِمَ وَالْمَحَارِمَ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: وَشَرِيفٌ مُسِنٌّ؟ قُلْتُ: وَشَرِيفٌ مُسِنٌّ. قَالَ: السِّنُّ وَالشَّرَفُ أزْرَيَا بِهِ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: كَذَبْتَ، مَا ازْدَادَ سِنًّا إِلَّا ازْدَادَ شَرَفًا، قَالَ: يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، إِنَّهَا لَكَلِمَةٌ مَا سَمِعْتُ أَحَدًا يَقُولُهَا لِي مُنْذُ تَنَصَّرْتُ لَا تَعْجَلْ عَلَيَّ حَتَّى أُخْبِرَكَ. قَالَ: هَاتِ، قَالَ: إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَجِدُ فِي كُتُبِي نَبِيًّا يُبْعَثُ مِنْ حَرَّتِنَا هَذِهِ فَكُنْتُ أَظُنُّ، بَلْ كُنْتُ لَا أَشُكُّ أَنِّي هُوَ، فَلَمَّا دَارَسْتُ أَهْلَ الْعِلْمِ إِذَا هُوَ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ فَنَظَرْتُ فِي بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، فَلَمْ أَجِدْ أَحَدًا يَصْلُحُ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ غَيْرَ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، فَلَمَّا أَخْبَرْتَنِي بِسِنِّهِ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِهِ حِينَ جَاوَزَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ، وَلَمْ يُوحَ إِلَيْهِ، قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: فَضَرَبَ الدَّهْرُ مَنْ ضَرَبَهُ، وَأُوحِيَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَخَرَجْتُ فِي رَكْبٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ أُرِيدُ الْيَمَنَ فِي تِجَارَةٍ، فَمَرَرْتُ بِأُمَيَّةَ بْنِ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَالْمُسْتَهْزِئِ بِهِ: يَا أُمَيَّةُ، قَدْ خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ الَّذِي كُنْتَ تَنْتَظِرُ، قَالَ: أَمَا إِنَّهُ حَقٌّ فَاتَّبِعْهُ. قُلْتُ: مَا يَمْنَعُكَ مِنَ اتِّبَاعِهِ؟ قَالَ: مَا يَمْنَعُنِي مِنَ اتِّبَاعِهِ إِلَّا الِاسْتِحْيَاءُ مِنْ نَسَيَاتِ ثَقِيفٍ، إِنِّي كُنْتُ أُحَدِّثُهُنَّ أَنِّي هُوَ، ثُمَّ يُرِيَنَّنِي تَابِعًا لِغُلَامٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ أُمَيَّةُ: وَكَأَنِّي يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ إِنْ خَالَفْتُهُ قَدْ رُبِطْتُ كَمَا يُرْبَطُ الْجَدْيُ حَتَّى يُؤْتَى بِكَ إِلَيْهِ فَيَحْكُمَ فِيكَ مَا يُرِيدُ "
It is narrated from Abu Sufyan bin Harb (may Allah be pleased with him) that Umayyah bin Abi al-Salt was in Gaza — or he said: in Iliya'. When we were returning, Umayyah said to me: O Abu Sufyan! What if we go ahead of the caravan and talk? I said: Very well. So we did, and he said to me: O Abu Sufyan! Tell me something about Utbah bin Rabi'ah? I said: (What do you ask) about Utbah bin Rabi'ah? He said: Noble on both sides (of his lineage), one who avoids injustice and forbidden things? I said: Yes. He said: And honoured, advanced in age? I said: And honoured, advanced in age. He said: Age and honour have diminished him. I said to him: You have lied; the older he has grown, the more honoured he has become. He said: O Abu Sufyan! This is something I have not heard anyone say to me since I became a Christian. Do not be hasty with me until I tell you. I said: Tell me. He said: I used to find in my books that a prophet would be sent from this land of ours, and I used to think, rather I had no doubt, that it was I. Then when I studied with the people of knowledge, it turned out that he would be from Banu Abd Manaf. So I looked among Banu Abd Manaf, and I found no one fit for this matter except Utbah bin Rabi'ah. Then when you told me his age, I knew that it was not he, since he has passed forty and no revelation has come to him. Abu Sufyan said: Then time struck down whom it struck down, and revelation came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). I set out in a caravan of Quraysh heading for Yemen to trade, and I passed by Umayyah bin Abi al-Salt. I said to him, mocking him: O Umayyah! The prophet you were waiting for has appeared. He said: Listen, he is true, so follow him. I said: What prevents you from following him? He said: Nothing prevents me from following him except shame before the women of Thaqif; I used to tell them that I was that prophet, and then they would see me a follower of a young man from Banu Abd Manaf! Then Umayyah said: And it is as if I see you, O Abu Sufyan, if you oppose him, tied up as a young goat is tied, until you are brought to him and he judges concerning you as he wishes.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْحَرَّانِيُّ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا مِنْ: الْمُهَاجِرِينَ، وَالْأَنْصَارِ، وَغِفَارٍ، وَأَسْلَمَ، وَمُزَيْنَةَ، وَجُهَيْنَةَ، وَبَنِي سُلَيْمٍ، وَقَادُوا الْخُيُولَ حَتَّى نَزَلُوا بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ، وَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ بِهِمْ قُرَيْشٌ، فَبَعَثُوا بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ، وَحَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، وَقَالُوا: خُذُوا لَنَا مِنْهُ جِوَارًا، أَوْ آذِنُوهُ بِالْحَرْبِ، فَخَرَجَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَحَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ، فَلَقِيَا بُدَيْلَ بْنَ وَرْقَاءَ، فَاسْتَصْحَبَاهُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِالْأرَاكِ مِنْ مَكَّةَ، وَذَلِكَ عِشَاءَ رَأَوْا الْفَسَاطِيطَ وَالْعَسْكَرَ، وَسَمِعُوا صَهِيلَ الْخَيْلِ، فَرَاعَهُمْ ذَلِكَ، وَفَزِعُوا مِنْهُ، وَقَالُوا: هَؤُلَاءِ بَنُو كَعْبٍ جَاشَتْهَا الْحَرْبُ، قَالَ بُدَيْلٌ: هَؤُلَاءِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ بَنِي كَعْبٍ، مَا بَلَغَ تَأْلِيبُهَا هَذَا، أَفَتَنْتَجِعُ هَوَازِنُ أَرْضَنَا؟ وَاللهِ مَا نَعْرِفُ هَذَا أَيْضًا، إِنَّ هَذَا لَمِثْلُ حَاجِّ النَّاسِ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ قَدْ بَعَثَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ خَيْلًا يَقْبِضُ الْعُيُونَ، وَخُزَاعَةُ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ لَا يَتْرُكُونَ أَحَدًا يَمْضِي، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ عَسْكَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَخَذَتْهُمُ الْخَيْلُ تَحْتَ اللَّيْلِ، وَأْتَوْا بِهِمْ خَائِفِينَ لِلْقَتْلِ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، إِلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، فَوَجَأَ عُنُقَهُ، وَالْتَزَمَهُ الْقَوْمُ، وَخَرَجُوا بِهِ لِيَدْخُلُوا بِهِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، فَحَبَسَهُ الْحَرَسُ أَنْ يَخْلُصَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ وَخَافَ الْقَتْلَ، وَكَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خَالِصَهُ لَهُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَنَادَى بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ: أَلَا تَأَمُّوا بِي إِلَى عَبَّاسٍ، فَأَتَاهُ وَدَفَعَ عَنْهُ، وَسَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ إِلَيْهِ، وَمَشَى فِي الْقَوْمِ مَكَانَهُ، فَرَكِبَ بِهِ عَبَّاسٌ تَحْتَ اللَّيْلِ، فَسَارَ بِهِ فِي عَسْكَرِ الْقَوْمِ حَتَّى أَبْصَرُوهُ أَجْمَعُ، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَدْ قَالَ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ حِينَ وَجَأَ عُنُقَهُ: وَاللهِ لَا تَدْنُو مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ حَتَّى تَمُوتَ، فَاسْتَغَاثَ بِعَبَّاسٍ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي مَقْتُولٌ فَمَنَعَهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ أَنْ يَنْتَهِبُوهُ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى كَثْرَةَ الْجَيْشِ وَطَاعَتَهُمْ قَالَ: لَمْ أَرَ كَاللَّيْلَةِ جَمْعًا لِقَوْمٍ فَخَلَّصَهُ عَبَّاسٌ مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمْ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّكَ مَقْتُولٌ إِنْ لَمْ تَسْلَمْ وَتَشْهَدْ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، فَجَعَلَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَقُولَ الَّذِي يَأْمُرُهُ عَبَّاسٌ بِهِ، وَلَا يَنْطَلِقُ لِسَانُهُ، فَبَاتَ مَعَ عَبَّاسٍ، وَأَمَّا حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ، وَبُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ، فَدَخَلَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، فَأَسْلَمَا وَجَعَلَ يَسْتَخْبِرُهُمَا عَلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، فَلَمَّا نُودِيَ لِصَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ تَخَشْخَشَ الْقَوْمُ، فَفَزِعَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ: يَا عَبَّاسُ، مَاذَا تُرِيدُونَ؟ قَالَ: هُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ تَيَسَّرُوا لِحُضُورِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، فَخَرَجَ بِهِ عَبَّاسٌ، فَلَمَّا أَبْصَرَهُمْ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَمُرُّونَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ يَرْكَعُونَ وَيَسْجُدُونَ إِذَا سَجَدَ، قَالَ: يَا عَبَّاسُ، أَمَا يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا فَعَلُوهُ؟ فَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: لَوْ نَهَاهُمْ عَنِ الطَّعَامِ وَالشَّرَابِ لَأَطَاعُوهُ. فَقَالَ: يَا عَبَّاسُ، فَكَلِّمْهُ فِي قَوْمِكَ هَلْ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ عَفْوٍ عَنْهُمْ؟ فَانْطَلَقَ عَبَّاسٌ بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ، حَتَّى أَدْخَلَهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، فَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَذَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنِّي قَدِ اسْتَنْصَرْتُ إِلَهِي، وَاسْتَنْصَرْتُ إِلَهِكَ فَوَاللهِ، مَا لَقِيتُكَ مِنْ مَرَّةٍ إِلَّا ظَهَرْتَ عَلَيَّ، فَلَوْ كَانَ إِلَهِي مُحِقًّا، وإِلَهَكَ مُبْطِلًا لَظَهَرْتُ عَلَيْكَ، فَشَهِدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ. فَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَأْذَنَ لِي إِلَى قَوْمِكَ، فَأُنْذِرُهُمْ مَا نَزَلَ، وَأَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُ. فَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: كَيْفَ أَقُولُ لَهُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بَيِّنْ لِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَمَانًا يَطْمَئِنُّونَ إِلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: تَقُولُ لَهُمْ: «مَنْ شَهِدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَشَهِدَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، وَكَفَّ يَدَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ جَلَسَ عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَوَضَعَ سِلَاحَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ»
قَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَبُو سُفْيَانَ ابْنُ عَمِّنَا، وَأَحَبَّ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ مَعِي، وَلَوْ أَخْصَصْتَهُ بِمَعْرُوفٍ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: «مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ» فَجَعَلَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَسْتَفْقِهُهُ، وَدَارُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بِأَعْلَا مَكَّةَ، وَقَالَ: «مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ، وَكَفَّ يَدَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ» وَدَارُ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ
وَحَمَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ عَلِيًّا عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ الْبَيْضَاءِ الَّتِي كَانَ أَهْدَاهَا لَهُ دِحْيَةُ الْكَلْبِيُّ، فَانْطَلَقَ عَبَّاسٌ بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ قَدْ أَرْدَفَهُ، فَلَمَّا سَارَ عَبَّاسٌ بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي أَثَرِهِ فَقَالَ: «أَدْرِكُوا عَبَّاسًا، فَرُدُّوهُ عَلَيَّ» وَحَدَّثَهُمْ بِالَّذِي خَافَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَدْرَكَهُ الرَّسُولُ، فَكَرِهَ عَبَّاسٌ الرُّجُوعَ، وَقَالَ: أَيَرْهَبُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ أَنْ يُرْجِعَ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَاغِبًا فِي قِلَّةِ النَّاسِ فَيَكْفُرَ بَعْدَ إِسْلَامِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: «احْبِسْهُ» ، فَحَبَسَهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: أَغَدْرًا يَا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: إِنَّا لَسْنَا نَغْدِرُ، وَلَكِنْ لِي إِلَيْكَ بَعْضُ الْحَاجَةِ. قَالَ: وَمَا هِي، فَأَقْضِيَهَا لَكَ؟ فَقَالَ: يُعادُهَا حِينَ يَقْدَمُ عَلَيْكَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ، فَوَقَفَ عَبَّاسٌ بِالْمَضِيقِ دُونَ الْأَرَاكِ مِنْ مِنًى، وَقَدْ وَعَى أَبُو سُفْيَانَ عَنْهُ حَدِيثَهُ، ثُمَّ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ عُبُورَ الْخَيْلِ بَعْضَهَا عَلَى أَثَرِ بَعْضٍ، وَقَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمِ الْخَيْلَ شَطْرَيْنِ، فَبَعَثَ الزُّبَيْرَ وَرِدْفَهُ خَالِدًا بِالْجَيْشِ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ وَغِفَارٍ وَقُضَاعَةَ، فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: رَسُولُ اللهِ، هَذَا يَا عَبَّاسُ؟ قَالَ: لَا وَلَكِنْ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فِي كَتِيبَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، فَقَالَ: الْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ، الْيَوْمُ تُسْتَحَلُّ الْحُرْمَةُ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي كَتِيبَةِ الْإِيمَانِ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وُجُوهًا كَثِيرَةً لَا يَعْرِفُهَا قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَكْثَرْتَ إِذًا، أَوِ اخْتَرْتَ هَذِهِ الْوُجُوهَ عَلَى قَوْمِكَ؟ . قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: «أَنْتَ فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ وَقَوْمُكَ، إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ صَدَّقُونِي إِذْ كَذَّبْتُمُونِي، وَنَصَرُونِي إِذْ أَخْرَجْتُونِي» . وَمَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ وَعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مِرْدَاسٍ وَعُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ بَدْرٍ الْفَزَارِيُّ، فَلَمَّا أَبْصَرَهُمْ حَوْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، قَالَ: مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ يَا عَبَّاسُ؟ قَالَ: هَذِهِ كَتِيبَةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، وَمَعَ هَذِهِ الْمَوْتُ الْأَحْمَرُ، هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ، قَالَ: امْضِ يَا عَبَّاسُ، فَلَمْ أَرَ كَالْيَوْمِ جُنُودًا قَطُّ، وَلَا جَمَاعَةً، فَسَارَ الزُّبَيْرُ بِالنَّاسِ حَتَّى وَقَفَ بِالْحَجُونِ، وانْدَفَعَ خَالِدٌ حَتَّى دَخَلَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ، فَلَقِيَتْهُ أَوْبَاشُ بَنِي بَكْرٍ، فَقَاتَلُوهُمْ، فَهَزَمَهُمُ اللهُ، وَقُتِلُوا بِالْحَزْوَرَةِ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الدُّورَ، وَارْتَفَعَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ عَلَى الْخَنْدَمَةِ، وَاتَّبَعَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ، وَنَادَى مُنَادٍ: مَنْ أَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ دَارَهُ وَكَفَّ يَدَهُ فَإِنَّهُ آمِنٌ، وَنَادَى أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بِمَكَّةَ: أَسْلِمُوا تَسْلَمُوا، وَكَفَّهُمُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنْ عَبَّاسٍ، وَأَقْبَلَتْ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ، فَأَخَذَتْ بِلِحْيَةِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، ثُمَّ نَادَتْ: يَا غَالِبُ، اقْتُلُوا هَذَا الشَّيْخَ الْأَحْمَقَ، قَالَ: فَأَرْسِلِي لِحْيَتِي فَأُقْسِمُ لَكِ لَئِنْ أَنْتِ لَمْ تُسْلِمِي لَيُضْرَبَنَّ عُنُقُكِ، وَيْلَكِ جَاءَنَا بِالْحَقِّ فَادْخُلِي أَرِيكَتِكِ - أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ: وَاسْكُتِي
قَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَبُو سُفْيَانَ ابْنُ عَمِّنَا، وَأَحَبَّ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ مَعِي، وَلَوْ أَخْصَصْتَهُ بِمَعْرُوفٍ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: «مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ» فَجَعَلَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَسْتَفْقِهُهُ، وَدَارُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بِأَعْلَا مَكَّةَ، وَقَالَ: «مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ، وَكَفَّ يَدَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ» وَدَارُ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ
وَحَمَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ عَلِيًّا عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ الْبَيْضَاءِ الَّتِي كَانَ أَهْدَاهَا لَهُ دِحْيَةُ الْكَلْبِيُّ، فَانْطَلَقَ عَبَّاسٌ بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ قَدْ أَرْدَفَهُ، فَلَمَّا سَارَ عَبَّاسٌ بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي أَثَرِهِ فَقَالَ: «أَدْرِكُوا عَبَّاسًا، فَرُدُّوهُ عَلَيَّ» وَحَدَّثَهُمْ بِالَّذِي خَافَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَدْرَكَهُ الرَّسُولُ، فَكَرِهَ عَبَّاسٌ الرُّجُوعَ، وَقَالَ: أَيَرْهَبُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ أَنْ يُرْجِعَ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَاغِبًا فِي قِلَّةِ النَّاسِ فَيَكْفُرَ بَعْدَ إِسْلَامِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: «احْبِسْهُ» ، فَحَبَسَهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: أَغَدْرًا يَا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: إِنَّا لَسْنَا نَغْدِرُ، وَلَكِنْ لِي إِلَيْكَ بَعْضُ الْحَاجَةِ. قَالَ: وَمَا هِي، فَأَقْضِيَهَا لَكَ؟ فَقَالَ: يُعادُهَا حِينَ يَقْدَمُ عَلَيْكَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ، فَوَقَفَ عَبَّاسٌ بِالْمَضِيقِ دُونَ الْأَرَاكِ مِنْ مِنًى، وَقَدْ وَعَى أَبُو سُفْيَانَ عَنْهُ حَدِيثَهُ، ثُمَّ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ عُبُورَ الْخَيْلِ بَعْضَهَا عَلَى أَثَرِ بَعْضٍ، وَقَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمِ الْخَيْلَ شَطْرَيْنِ، فَبَعَثَ الزُّبَيْرَ وَرِدْفَهُ خَالِدًا بِالْجَيْشِ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ وَغِفَارٍ وَقُضَاعَةَ، فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: رَسُولُ اللهِ، هَذَا يَا عَبَّاسُ؟ قَالَ: لَا وَلَكِنْ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فِي كَتِيبَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، فَقَالَ: الْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ، الْيَوْمُ تُسْتَحَلُّ الْحُرْمَةُ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي كَتِيبَةِ الْإِيمَانِ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وُجُوهًا كَثِيرَةً لَا يَعْرِفُهَا قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَكْثَرْتَ إِذًا، أَوِ اخْتَرْتَ هَذِهِ الْوُجُوهَ عَلَى قَوْمِكَ؟ . قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: «أَنْتَ فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ وَقَوْمُكَ، إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ صَدَّقُونِي إِذْ كَذَّبْتُمُونِي، وَنَصَرُونِي إِذْ أَخْرَجْتُونِي» . وَمَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ وَعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مِرْدَاسٍ وَعُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ بَدْرٍ الْفَزَارِيُّ، فَلَمَّا أَبْصَرَهُمْ حَوْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، قَالَ: مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ يَا عَبَّاسُ؟ قَالَ: هَذِهِ كَتِيبَةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، وَمَعَ هَذِهِ الْمَوْتُ الْأَحْمَرُ، هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ، قَالَ: امْضِ يَا عَبَّاسُ، فَلَمْ أَرَ كَالْيَوْمِ جُنُودًا قَطُّ، وَلَا جَمَاعَةً، فَسَارَ الزُّبَيْرُ بِالنَّاسِ حَتَّى وَقَفَ بِالْحَجُونِ، وانْدَفَعَ خَالِدٌ حَتَّى دَخَلَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ، فَلَقِيَتْهُ أَوْبَاشُ بَنِي بَكْرٍ، فَقَاتَلُوهُمْ، فَهَزَمَهُمُ اللهُ، وَقُتِلُوا بِالْحَزْوَرَةِ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الدُّورَ، وَارْتَفَعَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ عَلَى الْخَنْدَمَةِ، وَاتَّبَعَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ، وَنَادَى مُنَادٍ: مَنْ أَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ دَارَهُ وَكَفَّ يَدَهُ فَإِنَّهُ آمِنٌ، وَنَادَى أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بِمَكَّةَ: أَسْلِمُوا تَسْلَمُوا، وَكَفَّهُمُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنْ عَبَّاسٍ، وَأَقْبَلَتْ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ، فَأَخَذَتْ بِلِحْيَةِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، ثُمَّ نَادَتْ: يَا غَالِبُ، اقْتُلُوا هَذَا الشَّيْخَ الْأَحْمَقَ، قَالَ: فَأَرْسِلِي لِحْيَتِي فَأُقْسِمُ لَكِ لَئِنْ أَنْتِ لَمْ تُسْلِمِي لَيُضْرَبَنَّ عُنُقُكِ، وَيْلَكِ جَاءَنَا بِالْحَقِّ فَادْخُلِي أَرِيكَتِكِ - أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ: وَاسْكُتِي
Urwah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out with twelve thousand men from the Muhajirun, the Ansar, Ghifar, Aslam, Muzaynah, Juhaynah and Banu Sulaym, and they led the horses along until they camped at Marr al-Zahran, and Quraysh knew nothing of them. So they sent Abu Sufyan and Hakim bin Hizam to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and said: Obtain protection for us from him, or declare war to him. So Abu Sufyan bin Harb and Hakim bin Hizam set out, and they met Budayl bin Warqa', and they took him along with them, until when they reached al-Arak near Makkah, and it was night-time, they saw the tents and the army and heard the neighing of horses. This frightened and alarmed them, and they said: These are Banu Ka'b, whom war has stirred up. Budayl said: These are far more than Banu Ka'b; it is not within their power to gather this many. Are Hawazin seeking pasture in our land? By Allah! We do not recognise this either; this looks like the people's Hajj. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had sent horsemen ahead of him who seized the spies, and Khuza'ah were posted on the road, letting no one pass. When Abu Sufyan and his companions entered the camp of the Muslims, the horsemen seized them in the darkness of the night and brought them, terrified and in fear of being killed. Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) rose towards Abu Sufyan and struck him on the neck with his fist, and the people were holding him; they wanted to take him in to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), but the guards kept him from reaching the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he feared being killed. Al-Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) had been his close friend in the Jahiliyyah, so he called out at the top of his voice: Will you not take me to Abbas? So he came to him and defended him, and asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to place him in his custody, and he himself walked among the people in his place. Then Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) mounted him with him in the darkness of the night and passed with him through the army of the people until all of them had seen him. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had said to Abu Sufyan when he struck him on the neck: By Allah! You will not come near the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) until you die. So he appealed to Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) for help and said: I will surely be killed. So he kept the people from falling upon him. When he saw the size of the army and their obedience, he said: I have never seen a gathering of a people like tonight's. Then Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) freed him from their hands and said: You will be killed if you do not accept Islam and bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. He wanted to say what Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) was telling him to, but his tongue would not move, so he spent the night with Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). As for Hakim bin Hizam and Budayl bin Warqa', they went in to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and accepted Islam, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) questioned them about the people of Makkah. When the call was given for the dawn prayer, the people began to stir, and Abu Sufyan was alarmed and said: O Abbas! What do these people want? Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: They are the Muslims, getting ready to attend the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Then Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) went out with him, and when Abu Sufyan saw them heading to the prayer, bowing and prostrating in their prayer, prostrating when he (peace and blessings be upon him) prostrated, he said: O Abbas! Whatever he commands them, do they carry it out? Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Even if he forbade them food and drink, they would obey him. He said: O Abbas! Then speak to him about my people: does he have any room for pardoning them? So Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) set off with Abu Sufyan until he brought him in to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! This is Abu Sufyan. Abu Sufyan said: O Muhammad! I sought help from my god, and I sought help from your god, and by Allah! Every time I met you, you overcame me. If my god were true and your god false, I would have overcome you. So he bore witness that there is no god worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Then Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! I would like you to give me permission to go to your people, so that I may warn them of what has come upon them and call them to Allah and His Messenger. He (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him permission. Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! What shall I say to them? Tell me of some guarantee of safety in this regard that will reassure them. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Say to them: "Whoever bears witness that there is no god worthy of worship except Allah, alone, without partner, and bears witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and withholds his hand, is safe; whoever sits by the Ka'bah and lays down his weapon is safe; and whoever shuts his door upon himself is safe." Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! Abu Sufyan is our cousin, and he wishes to return with me; it would be good if you were to honour him with some special favour. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe." Abu Sufyan began trying to grasp the full meaning of this, and the house of Abu Sufyan was in upper Makkah. And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "And whoever enters the house of Hakim bin Hizam and withholds his hand is safe." The house of Hakim bin Hizam was in lower Makkah. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) mounted Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) on his white mule which Dihyah al-Kalbi (may Allah be pleased with him) had gifted him, and Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) set off with Abu Sufyan seated behind him. When Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) had set off, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent someone after him and said: "Catch up with Abbas and bring him back to me." And he (peace and blessings be upon him) told them of the concern he (peace and blessings be upon him) had. The messenger caught up with him, and Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) disliked going back and said: Does the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fear that Abu Sufyan, seeing how few people there are, will go back and disbelieve after accepting Islam? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Detain him." So he detained him. Abu Sufyan said: O Banu Hashim! Is this treachery? Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We do not act treacherously, but I have some need of you. He said: What is it, so that I may fulfil it for you? Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: This matter will be repeated when Khalid bin al-Walid and al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam come to you. So Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) stopped at a narrow pass before al-Arak near Mina, and Abu Sufyan remembered what he had said. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent the horsemen one after another (in squadrons), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided the army into two parts. He sent al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him), with Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) alongside him, with the army of Aslam, Ghifar and Quda'ah. Abu Sufyan said: O Abbas! Is this the Messenger of Allah? He said: No, rather this is Khalid bin al-Walid. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Sa'd bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) ahead of him with a squadron of the Ansar, and he said: Today is the day of slaughter; today the sanctity will be made lawful. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) entered with the squadron of faith from the Muhajirun and the Ansar. When Abu Sufyan saw many faces he did not recognise, he said: O Messenger of Allah! You have made the army very large, or have you preferred these faces over your own people? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It was you and your people who did that. These people believed me when you called me a liar, and these people helped me when you drove me out." With the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that day were al-Aqra' bin Habis, Abbas bin Mirdas and Uyaynah bin Badr al-Fazari. When he saw them around the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he said: O Abbas! Who are these? He said: This is the squadron of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and with it is red death; these are the Muhajirun and the Ansar. He said: Move on, O Abbas; I have never seen an army like today's, nor such a gathering. Al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) went on with the people until he halted at al-Hajun, and Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) pressed forward until he entered from lower Makkah. Some rabble of Banu Bakr met him and they fought them, and Allah defeated them; they were killed at al-Hazwarah until they entered the houses, and a group of them climbed on horses up al-Khandamah, and the Muslims pursued them. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered among the last of the people, and a herald called out: Whoever shuts his house upon himself and withholds his hand is safe. Abu Sufyan called out in Makkah: Accept Islam and you will be safe. Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, protected Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) from harm. Hind bint Utbah came and seized Abu Sufyan's beard, then called out: O (people of) Ghalib! Kill this foolish old man. He said: Let go of my beard; I swear to you that if you do not accept Islam, your neck will be struck. Woe to you! He has come to us with the truth, so go into your curtained couch — the narrator said: I think he said: and keep quiet.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو شُعَيْبٍ الْحَرَّانِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَبَا رُهْمٍ كُلْثُومَ بْنَ حُصَيْنٍ الْغِفَارِيَّ، وَخَرَجَ لِعَشْرٍ مَضَيْنَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ، «فَصَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، وَصَامَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِالْكَدِيدِ مَا بَيْنَ عُسْفَانَ وَأَمَجَ أَفْطَرَ» ، ثُمَّ مَضَى حَتَّى نَزَلَ مَرَّ الظَّهْرَانِ فِي عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ وَسُلَيْمٍ، وَفِي كُلِّ الْقَبَائِلِ عَدَدٌ وَإِسْلَامٌ، وَأَوْعَبَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ والْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ، فَلَمْ يَتَخَلَّفْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ، وَقَدْ عَمِيَتِ الْأَخْبَارُ عَنْ قُرَيْشٍ، فَلَمْ يَأْتِهِمْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ خَبَرٌ، وَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَا هُوَ فَاعِلٌ، خَرَجَ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَحَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ، وَبُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ يَتَحَسَّسُونَ وَيَنْتَظِرُونَ هَلْ يَجِدُونَ خَبَرًا، أَوْ يَسْمَعُونَ بِهِ، وَقَدْ كَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ بِبَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ، وَقَدْ كَانَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَدْ لَقِيَا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ، فَالْتَمَسَا الدُّخُولَ عَلَيْهِ، فَكَلَّمَتْهُ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فِيهِمَا، فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، ابْنُ عَمِّكَ وَابْنُ عَمَّتِكَ وَصِهْرُكَ. قَالَ: «لَا حَاجَةَ لِي بِهِمَا، أَمَّا ابْنُ عَمِّي فَهَتَكَ عِرْضِي، وَأَمَّا ابْنُ عَمَّتِي وَصِهْرِي، فَهُوَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِي بِمَكَّةَ مَا قَالَ» . فَلَمَّا أَخْرَجَ إِلَيْهِمَا بِذَلِكَ، وَمَعَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بُنَيٌّ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: وَاللهِ لَيَأْذَنَنَّ لِي أَوْ لَآخُذَنَّ بِيَدِ ابْنَيَّ هَذَا، ثُمَّ لَنَذْهَبَنَّ فِي الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى نَمُوتَ عَطَشًا وَجُوعًا، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ رَقَّ لَهُمْا، ثُمَّ أَذِنَ لَهُمْا فَدَخَلَا وَأَسْلَمَا، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: وَاصَبَاحَ قُرَيْشٍ، وَاللهِ لَئِنْ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ مَكَّةَ عَنْوَةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْتَأْمِنُوهُ، إِنَّهُ لَهَلَاكُ قُرَيْشٍ إِلَى آخِرِ الدَّهْرِ قَالَ: فَجَلَسْتُ عَلَى بَغْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمِ الْبَيْضَاءِ، فَخَرَجْتُ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى جِئْتُ الْأَرَاكَ فَقُلْتُ: لَعَلِّي أَلْقَى بَعْضَ الْحَطَّابَةِ، أَوْ صَاحِبَ لَبِنٍ، أَوْ ذَا حَاجَةٍ يَأْتِي مَكَّةَ، فَيُخْبِرُهُمْ بِمَكَانِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ لِيَخْرُجُوا إِلَيْهِ، فَيَسْتَأْمِنُوهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ عَنْوَةً. قَالَ: فَوَاللهِ، إِنِّي لَأَسِيرُ عَلَيْهَا، وأَلْتَمِسُ مَا خَرَجْتُ لَهُ إِذْ سَمِعْتُ كَلَامَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، وَبُدَيْلِ بْنِ وَرْقَاءَ وَهُمَا يَتَرَاجَعَانِ، وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَقُولُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ كَالْيَوْمِ قَطُّ نِيرَانًا وَلَا عَسْكَرًا قَالَ: يَقُولُ بُدَيْلٌ: هَذِهِ وَاللهِ نِيرَانُ خُزَاعَةَ حَمَشَتْهَا الْحَرْبُ. قَالَ: يَقُولُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: خُزَاعَةُ، وَاللهِ أَذَلُّ وأَلْأَمُ مِنْ أَنْ تَكُونَ هَذِهِ نِيرَانُهَا وَعَسْكَرُهَا. قَالَ : فَعَرَفْتُ صَوْتَهُ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا حَنْظَلَةَ، فَعَرَفَ صَوْتِي، فَقَالَ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: مَالَكَ فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي. فَقُلْتُ: وَيْحَكَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي النَّاسِ وَاصَبَاحَ قُرَيْشٍ وَاللهِ قَالَ: فَمَا الْحِيلَةُ، فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: وَاللهِ لَئِنْ ظَفَرَ بِكَ لَيَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَكَ، فَارْكَبْ مَعِي هَذِهِ الْبَغْلَةَ حَتَّى آتِيَ بِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ أَسْتَأْمِنَهُ لَكَ، قَالَ: فَرَكِبَ خَلْفِي وَرَجَعَ صَاحِبَاهُ، فَحَرَّكْتُ بِهِ كُلَّمَا مَرَرْتُ بِنَارٍ مِنْ نِيرَانِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالُوا: مَنْ هَذَا؟ فَإِذَا رَأَوْا بَغْلَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ قَالُوا: عَمُّ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ حَتَّى مَرَرْتُ بِنَارِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: مَنْ هَذَا؟ وَقَامَ إِلَيَّ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَبَا سُفْيَانَ عَلَى عَجُزِ الْبَغْلَةِ، قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ عَدُوُّ اللهِ، الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَمْكَنَ مِنْكَ بِغَيْرِ عَقْدٍ وَلَا عَهْدٍ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ يَشْتَدُّ نَحْوَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، وَرَكَضَتِ الْبَغْلَةُ، فَسَبَقَتْهُ بِمَا تَسْبِقُ الدَّابَّةُ الْبَطِيءُ الرَّجُلَ الْبَطِيءَ، فَاقْتَحَمْتُ عَنِ الْبَغْلَةِ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ وَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَذَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ قَدْ أَمْكَنَ اللهُ مِنْهُ بِغَيْرِ عَقْدٍ وَلَا عَهْدٍ، فَدَعْنِي فَلْأَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ. قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنِّي أَجَرْتُهُ، ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فَأَخَذْتُ بِرَأْسِهِ فَقُلْتُ: لَا وَاللهِ لَا يُنَاجِيهِ اللَّيْلَةَ رَجُلٌ دُونِي، فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرَ عُمَرُ فِي شَأْنِهِ قُلْتُ: مَهْلًا يَا عُمَرُ، أَمَا وَاللهِ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ رِجَالِ بَنِي عَدِيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ مَا قُلْتُ هَذَا، وَلَكِنَّكَ عَرَفْتَ أَنَّهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ رِجَالِ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ قَالَ: مَهْلًا يَا عَبَّاسُ، فَوَاللهِ لَإِسِلَامُكَ يَوْمَ أَسْلَمْتَ كَانَ أَحَبَّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ مِنْ إِسْلَامِ الْخَطَّابِ لَوْ أَسْلَمَ، وَمَا بِي إِلَّا أَنِّي قَدْ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّ إِسْلَامَكَ كَانَ أَحَبَّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ مِنْ إِسْلَامِ الْخَطَّابِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: «اذْهَبْ بِهِ إِلَى رَحْلِكَ يَا عَبَّاسُ، فَإِذَا أَصْبَحَ فَائْتِنِي بِهِ» . فَذَهَبْتُ بِهِ إِلَى رَحْلِي فَبَاتَ عِنْدِي، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ غَدَوْتُ بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ قَالَ: «وَيْحَكَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لَكَ أَنْ تَعْلَمَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ؟» قَالَ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي، مَا أَكْرَمَكَ وَأَوْصَلَكَ، وَاللهِ لَقَدْ ظَنَنْتُ أَنْ لَوْ كَانَ مَعَ اللهِ غَيْرُهُ لَقَدْ أَغْنَى عَنِّي شَيْئًا قَالَ: «وَيْحَكَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لَكَ أَنْ تَعْلَمَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ؟» قَالَ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي، مَا أحْلَمَكَ وَأَكْرَمَكَ وَأَوْصَلَكَ هَذِهِ، وَاللهِ كَانَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْهَا شَيْءُ حَتَّى الْآنَ. قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: وَيْحَكَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ أَسْلِمْ، وَاشْهَدْ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُضْرَبَ عُنُقُكَ، قَالَ: فَشَهِدَ بِشَهَادَةِ الْحَقِّ وَأَسْلَمَ. قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ يُحِبُّ هَذَا الْفَخْرَ، فَاجْعَلْ لَهُ شَيْئًا قَالَ: «نَعَمْ مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ» . فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ لِيَنْصَرِفَ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: «يَا عَبَّاسُ، احْبِسْهُ بِمَضِيقِ الْوَادِي عِنْدَ خَطْمِ الْجَبَلِ، حَتَّى تَمُرَّ بِهِ جُنُودُ اللهِ فَيَرَاهَا» . قَالَ: فَخَرَجْتُ بِهِ حَتَّى حَبَسْتَهُ حَيْثُ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ أَنْ أَحْبِسَهُ قَالَ: وَمَرَّتْ بِهِ الْقَبَائِلُ عَلَى رَايَاتِهَا كُلَّمَا مَرَّتْ قَبِيلَةٌ قَالَ: مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ؟ فَأَقُولُ: سُلَيْمٌ. فَيَقُولُ: مَالِي وَلِسُلَيْمٍ؟ قَالَ: ثُمَّ تَمُرُّ الْقَبِيلَةُ قَالَ: مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ؟ فَأَقُولُ: مُزَيْنَةُ. فَيَقُولُ: مَا لِي وَلِمُزَيْنَةَ؟ حَتَّى تَعَدَّتِ الْقَبَائِلُ لَا تَمُرُّ قَبِيلَةٌ إِلَّا قَالَ: مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ؟ فَأَقُولُ: بَنُو فُلَانٍ. فَيَقُولُ: مَالِي وَلِبَنِي فُلَانٍ. حَتَّى مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي الْخَضْرَاءِ كَتِيبَةٌ فِيهَا الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ لَا يَرَى مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا الْحَدَقَ، قَالَ: سُبْحَانَ اللهِ، مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ يَا عَبَّاسُ؟ قُلْتُ: هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ فِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ. قَالَ: مَا لِأَحَدٍ بِهَؤُلَاءِ قِبَلٌ وَلَا طَاقَةٌ، وَاللهِ يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ، لَقَدْ أَصْبَحَ مِلْكَ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ الْغَدَاةَ عَظِيمًا. قُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، إِنَّهَا النُّبُوَّةُ. قَالَ: فَنَعَمْ إِذَنْ، قُلْتُ: النَّجَاءُ إِلَى قَوْمِكَ. قَالَ: فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى إِذَا جَاءَهُمْ صَرَخَ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ، هَذَا مُحَمَّدٌ قَدْ جَاءَكُمْ بِمَا لَا قِبَلَ لَكُمْ بِهِ، فَمَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، فَقَامَتْ إِلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ، فَأَخَذَتْ بِشَارِبِهِ، فَقَالَتْ: اقْتُلُوا الدَّسَمَ الْأَحْمَسَ، فَبِئْسَ مِنْ طَلِيعَةِ قَوْمٍ. قَالَ: وَيْحَكُمْ، لَا تَغُرَّنَّكُمْ هَذِهِ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ، فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ جَاءَ مَا لَا قِبَلَ لَكُمْ بِهِ، مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، فَهُوَ آمِنٌ قَالُوا: وَيْلَكَ وَمَا تُغْنِي عَنَّا دَارُكَ. قَالَ: وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ فَتَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ إِلَى دُورِهِمْ وَإِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ
It is narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out, and appointed Abu Ruhm Kulthum bin Husayn al-Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him) as his deputy over Madinah. He set out when ten days of Ramadan had passed. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fasted, and the people fasted with him (peace and blessings be upon him), until when he (peace and blessings be upon him) reached al-Kadid, between Usfan and Amaj, he broke his fast. Then he went on until he camped at Marr al-Zahran with ten thousand Muslims, including Muzaynah and Sulaym; in every tribe there were considerable numbers and zeal for Islam, and the Muhajirun and the Ansar all went out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); not one of them stayed behind. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) camped at Marr al-Zahran, Quraysh had received no news; no news of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had reached them, and they did not know what he (peace and blessings be upon him) was about to do. That night Abu Sufyan bin Harb, Hakim bin Hizam and Budayl bin Warqa' went out, searching and waiting in the hope of finding some news or hearing of it. Al-Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) had already come to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the way, and Abu Sufyan bin al-Harith bin Abd al-Muttalib and Abdullah bin Abi Umayyah bin al-Mughirah had met the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) between Makkah and Madinah and wished to be admitted to him (peace and blessings be upon him). Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) spoke to him (peace and blessings be upon him) about them and said: O Messenger of Allah! These are your paternal cousin, and your paternal aunt's son and in-law. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have no need of the two of them. As for my cousin, he violated my honour; and as for my aunt's son and in-law, he is the one who said to me in Makkah what he said." When this became known to the two of them — and Abu Sufyan had a little son of his with him — he said: By Allah! He will surely give me permission, or else I will take this son of mine by the hand and we will wander off into the land until we die of thirst and hunger. When this reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) felt pity for the two of them; then he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave them permission, and they both entered and accepted Islam. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) camped at Marr al-Zahran, Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Alas for the morning of Quraysh! By Allah! If the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) enters Makkah by force before they seek safety from him (peace and blessings be upon him), it will be the ruin of Quraysh until the end of time. He said: So I mounted the white mule of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and rode out on it until I reached al-Arak. I said: Perhaps I will meet some woodcutter, or a milk-seller, or someone with a need who is going to Makkah, and I will tell him where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is, so that they may come out to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and seek safety from him (peace and blessings be upon him) before he (peace and blessings be upon him) enters upon them by force. He said: By Allah! I was riding along on it, seeking what I had come out for, when I heard the voices of Abu Sufyan and Budayl bin Warqa' talking to each other. Abu Sufyan was saying: I have never seen fires and an army like today's. Budayl was saying: By Allah! These are the fires of Khuza'ah, whom war has inflamed. Abu Sufyan was saying: Khuza'ah, by Allah, are far too lowly and mean for these to be their fires and their army. He said: I recognised his voice, so I said: O Abu Hanzalah! He recognised my voice and said: Abu al-Fadl? I said: Yes. He said: What is the matter with you, may my father and mother be ransomed for you? I said: Woe to you, O Abu Sufyan! This is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with the people. Alas for the morning of Quraysh, by Allah! He said: Then what is the way out, may my father and mother be ransomed for you? He said: I said: By Allah! If he gets hold of you, he will strike your neck. So ride with me on this mule until I bring you to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and seek safety for you. He said: So he rode behind me, and his two companions went back. I rode on with him, and whenever I passed one of the fires of the Muslims, they would say: Who is this? When they saw the mule of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), they would say: The uncle of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on his mule, until I passed by the fire of Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). He asked: Who is this? and stood up towards me. When he saw Abu Sufyan on the back of the mule, he said: Abu Sufyan, the enemy of Allah! Praise be to Allah who has put you in our power without any agreement or covenant. Then he set off running towards the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the mule ran too, and it outpaced him just as a slow animal outpaces a slow man. I jumped down from the mule and went in to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came in too and said: O Messenger of Allah! This is Abu Sufyan; Allah has put him in our power without any agreement or covenant, so let me strike his neck. He said: I said: O Messenger of Allah! I have granted him protection. Then I sat beside the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), took hold of his head and said: No, by Allah! No one but me will speak privately with him tonight. When Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) persisted a great deal in his matter, I said: Enough, O Umar! Listen, by Allah! If he were one of the men of Banu Adi bin Ka'b, you would not have said this; but you know that he is one of the men of Banu Abd Manaf. He said: Enough, O Abbas! By Allah! On the day you accepted Islam, your Islam was dearer to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) than the Islam of al-Khattab would have been, had he accepted Islam; and my only reason for this is that I know your Islam was dearer to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) than the Islam of al-Khattab. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take him to your camp, O Abbas, and when morning comes, bring him to me." So I took him to my camp and he spent the night with me. When morning came, I took him to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw him, he said: "Woe to you, O Abu Sufyan! Has the time not come for you to know that there is no god worthy of worship except Allah?" He said: May my father and mother be ransomed for you! How generous you are, and how kind to kin! By Allah, I had thought that if there were anyone else along with Allah, he would have been of some use to me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Woe to you, O Abu Sufyan! Has the time not come for you to know that I am the Messenger of Allah?" He said: May my father and mother be ransomed for you! How forbearing, generous and kind to kin you are! As for this — by Allah — there has been something in my heart about it until now. Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Woe to you, O Abu Sufyan! Accept Islam and bear witness that there is no god worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, before your neck is struck. He said: So he bore the testimony of truth and accepted Islam. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Abu Sufyan is a man who loves such pride, so grant him some honour. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes. Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe, whoever shuts his door is safe, and whoever enters the Mosque is safe." When he was about to leave, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abbas! Detain him at the narrow pass of the valley, at the spur of the mountain, until the armies of Allah pass by him and he sees them." He said: So I went out with him and detained him where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had commanded me. He said: The tribes began passing by him with their banners. Whenever a tribe passed, he would say: Who are these? I would say: Sulaym. He would say: What have I to do with Sulaym? Then another tribe would pass, and he would say: Who are these? I would say: Muzaynah. He would say: What have I to do with Muzaynah? And so the tribes kept passing; no tribe passed but he asked: Who are these? I would say: Banu so-and-so. He would say: What have I to do with Banu so-and-so? Until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed in the green squadron, in which were the Muhajirun and the Ansar, of whom nothing could be seen but their eyes. He said: Subhan Allah! Who are these, O Abbas? I said: This is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) among the Muhajirun and the Ansar. He said: No one has the strength or power to face these. By Allah, O Abu al-Fadl! The kingdom of your nephew has become mighty this morning. I said: O Abu Sufyan! It is prophethood. He said: Then yes, so be it. I said: Hurry to your people. He said: So he went out, and when he reached them he shouted at the top of his voice: O people of Quraysh! This is Muhammad; he has come to you with what you have no power to resist. So whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe. His wife Hind bint Utbah stood up towards him, seized him by the moustache and said: Kill this fat, worthless one! What an evil scout for a people! He said: Woe to you! Do not let her deceive you about your own lives; that which you have no power to resist has come. Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe. They said: Woe to you! What use is your house to us? He said: And whoever shuts his door is safe, and whoever enters the Mosque is safe. So the people dispersed to their houses and to the Mosque.
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْمَعْمَرِيُّ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بُرْقَانَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، فَذَكَرَ مِثْلَ حَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ
From Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), a narration like the hadith of Muhammad bin Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) is reported.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ الْمَازِنِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، أَنَا ثَابِتٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، قَالَ: وَفَدْنَا إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَفِينَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَكَانَ هَذَا يَصْنَعُ يَوْمَ الطَّعَامِ فَيَدْعُو هَذَا، وَيَصْنَعُ هَذَا يَوْمَ الطَّعَامِ فَيَدْعُو هَذَا، قُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، الْيَوْمُ يَوْمِي فَجَاءَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَحْضُرَ الطَّعَامُ فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، حَدِّثْنَا بِشَيْءٍ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ حَتَّى يُدْرَكَ طَعَامُنَا، قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ، فَقَالَ: «يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، ادْعُ لِيَ الْأَنْصَارَ» . فَدَعَوْتُهُمْ فَجَاءُوا يُهَرْوِلُونَ، فَقَالَ: «هَلْ تَرَوْنَ أَوْبَاشَ النَّاسِ؟» قَالُوا: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: «فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُوهُمْ غَدًا، فَاحْصُدُوهُمْ حَصْدًا، ثُمَّ مَوْعِدُكُمُ الصَّفَا» . قَالَ: وَاسْتَعْمَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ عَلَى إِحْدَى الْمُجَنِّبَتَيْنِ، وَالزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ عَلَى الْمُجَنِّبَةِ الْأُخْرَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، وَاسْتَعْمَلَ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ عَلَى النَّادِفَةِ فِي بَطْنِ الْوَادِي، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ الْقَوْمُ لَقِينَاهُمْ فَمَا تَقَدَّمَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَنَامُوهُ وَفُتِحَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ، فَجَاءَ فَصَعِدَ الصَّفَا، وَجَاءَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ فَأَطَافُوا بِالصَّفَا، وَجَاءَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أُبِيحَتْ خَضْرَاءُ قُرَيْشٍ لَا قُرَيْشَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ، فَقَالَ: «مَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَلْقَى السِّلَاحَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ»
Abdullah bin Rabah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: We went as a delegation to Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), and Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) was with us. One (companion) would prepare food on his day and invite this one, and another would prepare food on his day and invite that one. I said: O Abu Hurayrah! Today is my turn. He came before the food was ready, so I said: O Abu Hurayrah! Tell us something you heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) until our food is ready. He said: I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of the Conquest, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Hurayrah! Call the Ansar for me." So I called them, and they came running. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you see the rabble of the people?" They said: Yes. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you meet them tomorrow, mow them down; then your meeting place is al-Safa." The narrator said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Khalid bin al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) over one flank and al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) over the other flank, and he appointed Abu Ubaydah bin al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him) over the (foot) troops in the bottom of the valley. When these people came, we faced them, and not one of them advanced but they laid him low, and victory was granted to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) came and climbed al-Safa, and the Ansar came and gathered around al-Safa. Abu Sufyan came and said: O Messenger of Allah! The multitude of Quraysh has been made lawful; there will be no Quraysh after today. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever shuts his door is safe, whoever throws down his weapon is safe, and whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe."
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ غَنَّامٍ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، ثنا ثَابِتٌ الْبُنَانِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ لَمَّا دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ، جَاءَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أُبِيحَتْ قُرَيْشٌ لَا قُرَيْشَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: «مَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ» فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) entered Makkah on the day of the Conquest, Abu Sufyan came and said: O Messenger of Allah! Quraysh has been made lawful; there will be no Quraysh after today. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever shuts his door is safe, and whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe." Then he narrated something like the hadith of Hammad bin Salamah.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْبَجَلِيُّ، ثنا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا كُنَّا بِسَرِفَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: «إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ قَرِيبٌ مِنْكُمْ، فَاحْذَرُوهُ» . فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمْ: «أَسْلِمْ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ» . قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَوْمِي قَوْمِي قَالَ: «فَإِنَّ قَوْمَكَ مَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ» . قَالَ: اجْعَلْ لِي شَيْئًا. قَالَ: «مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَكَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ»
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: When we were at Sarif, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Abu Sufyan is near you, so be on your guard against him." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Accept Islam, O Abu Sufyan." He said: O Messenger of Allah! My people, what will become of my people? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever of your people shuts his door is safe." He said: Grant me something special. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever enters your house is safe."
