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المعجم الكبير للطبراني
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (Tabarani)
مسند النساء
The Female Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ذكر تزويج فاطمة رضي الله عنها
The marriage of Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her)
Mu'jam Kabir Tabarani 19225 — The proposal for Sayyidah Fatimah used
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّبَرِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ سَبْرَةَ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ بْنِ نَجِيَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: كَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ تُذْكَرُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَا يَذْكُرُهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا صَدَّ عَنْهُ حَتَّى يَئِسُوا مِنْهَا، فَلَقِيَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ عَلِيًّا، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا أَرَى رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحْبِسُهَا إِلَّا عَلَيْكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ: فَلِمَ تَرَ ذَلِكَ؟ فَوَاللهِ مَا أَنَا بِأَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ، مَا أَنَا بِصَاحِبِ دُنْيَا يُلْتَمَسُ مَا عِنْدِي، وَقَدْ عَلِمَ مَا لِي صَفْرَاءُ وَلَا بَيْضَاءُ، وَمَا أَنَا بِالْكَافِرِ الَّذِي يُتَرَفَّقُ بِهَا عَنْ دِينِهِ، يَعْنِي يَتَأَلَّفُهُ، بِهَا ، إِنِّي لَأَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ، فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: فَإِنِّي أَعْزِمُ عَلَيْكَ لَتُفُرِجَنَّهَا عَنِّي، فَإِنَّ لِي فِي ذَلِكَ فَرَجًا، قَالَ: أَقُولُ مَاذَا؟ قَالَ: تَقُولُ: جِئْتُ خَاطِبًا إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ: فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ وَهُوَ ثَقِيلٌ حَصِرٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «كَأَنَّ لَكَ حَاجَةً يَا عَلِيُّ؟» ، قَالَ: أَجَلْ جِئْتُكَ خَاطِبًا إِلَى اللهِ وَإِلَى وَرَسُولِهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَرْحَبًا» كَلِمَةً ضَعِيفَةً، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: قَدْ فَعَلْتُ الَّذِي أَمَرْتَنِي بِهِ، فَلَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى أَنْ رَحَّبَ بِي كَلِمَةً ضَعِيفَةً، فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: أَنْكَحَكَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ، إِنَّهُ لَا خُلْفَ الْآنَ، وَلَا كَذِبَ عِنْدَهُ، وَأَعْزَمُ عَلَيْكَ لَتَأْتِيَنَّهُ غَدًا، فَلَتَقُولَنَّ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، مَتَى تُبْنِينِي؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: هَذِهِ أَشَدُّ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الْأُولَى، أَوَّلًا أَقُولُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ حَاجَتِي قَالَ: قُلْ كَمَا أَمَرْتُكَ، فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَتَى تُبْنِينِي؟، قَالَ: اللَّيْلَةَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِلَالًا فَقَالَ: اللَّيْلَةَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِلَالًا فَقَالَ: «يَا بِلَالُ، إِنِّي قَدْ زَوَّجْتُ ابْنَتِي ابْنَ عَمِّي، وَأَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ سُنَّةِ أُمَّتِي الطَّعَامُ عِنْدَ النِّكَاحِ، فَائْتِ الْمَغْنَمَ فَخُذْ شَاةً وَأَرْبَعَةَ أَمْدَادٍ، وَاجْعَلْ لِي قَصْعَةً لِعَلِيٍّ أَجْمَعُ عَلَيْهَا الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارَ، فَإِذَا فَرَغْتُ فَآذِنِّي بِهَا» فَانْطَلَقَ فَفَعَلَ مَا أَمَرَهُ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ بِقَصْعَةٍ فَوَضَعَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَطَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي رَأْسِهَا، وَقَالَ: «أَدْخِلِ النَّاسَ عَلَيَّ زِقَّةً زِقَّةً وَلَا تُغَادِرُونَ زِقَّةً إِلَى غَيْرِهَا» ، يَعْنِي إِذَا فَرَغَتْ زِقَّةٌ، فَلَا تَعُودَنَّ ثَانِيَةً فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَرُدُّونَ كُلَّمَا فَرَغَتْ زِقَّةٌ وَرَدَتْ أُخْرَى حَتَّى فَرَغَ النَّاسُ، ثُمَّ عَمَدَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى مَا فَضَلَ مِنْهَا فَتَفَلَ فِيهَا وَبَارَكَ وَقَالَ: " يَا بِلَالُ احْمِلْهَا إِلَى أُمَّهَاتِكَ وَقُلْ لَهُنَّ: كُلْنَ وَأَطْعِمْنَ مَنْ غَشِيَكُنَّ " ثُمَّ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي زَوَّجْتُ بِنْتِي ابْنَ عَمِّي، وَقَدْ عَلِمْتُنَّ مَنْزِلَتِهَا مِنِّي وَأَنَا دَافِعُهَا إِلَيْهِ، فَدُونَكُنَّ ابْنَتَكُنَّ، فَقُمْنَ النِّسَاءُ فَغَلَّفْنَهَا مِنْ طِيبِهِنَّ، وَأَلْبَسْنَهَا مِنْ ثِيَابِهِنَّ، وَحَلَّيْنَهَا مِنْ حُلِيِّهِنَّ " ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهُ النِّسَاءُ ذَهَبْنَ وَبَيْنَهُنَّ وَبَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَتَرٌ وَتَخَلَّفَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ، فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى رِسْلِكِ: «مَنْ أَنْتِ؟» قَالَتْ: أَنَا الَّتِي أَحْرُسُ ابْنَتَكَ، إِنَّ الْفَتَاةَ لَيْلَةَ تُبْنَى بِهَا لَا بُدَّ لَهَا مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ تَكُونُ قُرَيْبَةً مِنْهَا، إِنْ عَرَضَتْ لَهَا حَاجَةٌ، أَوْ أَرَادَتْ شَيْئًا أَفْضَتْ بِذَلِكَ إِلَيْهَا قَالَ: «فَإِنِّي أَسْأَلُ إِلَهِي أَنْ يَحْرُسَكِ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْكِ، وَمِنْ خَلْفِكِ، وَعَنْ يَمِينِكِ، وَعَنْ شِمَالِكِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ» ثُمَّ صَرَخَ بِفَاطِمَةَ فَأَقْبَلَتْ، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ عَلِيًّا جَالِسًا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَصِرَتْ وَبَكَتْ فَأَشْفَقَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَكُونَ بُكَاؤُهَا؛ لِأَنَّ عَلِيًّا لَا مَالَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا يُبْكِيكِ؟ فَمَا أَلَوْتُكِ فِي نَفْسِي وَقَدْ أَصَبْتُ لَكِ خَيْرَ أَهْلِي وَايْمُ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُكِ سَعِيدًا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَإِنَّهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لِمَنِ الصَّالِحِينَ» فَلَانَ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا أَسْمَاءُ ائْتِينِي بِالْمِخْضَبِ فَامْلَئِيهِ مَاءً» فَأَتَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِالْمِخْضَبِ فَمَلَأَتْهُ فَمَجَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيهِ وَمَسَحَ فِيهِ وَجْهَهُ وَقَدَمَيْهِ ثُمَّ دَعَا فَاطِمَةَ، فَأَخَذَ كَفًّا مِنْ مَاءٍ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا وَكَفَا بَيْنَ ثَدْيَيْهَا ثُمَّ رَشَّ جِلْدَهُ وَجِلْدَهَا، ثُمَّ الْتَزَمَهَا فَقَالَ اللهُمَّ: «إِنَّهُمَا مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمَا اللهُمَّ كَمَا أَذْهَبْتَ عَنِّي الرِّجْسَ وَطَهَّرْتَنِي فَطَهِّرْهُمَا» ثُمَّ دَعَا بِمِخْضَبٍ آخَرَ، ثُمَّ دَعَا عَلِيًّا فَصَنَعَ بِهِ كَمَا صَنَعَ بِهَا ثُمَّ دَعَا لَهُ كَمَا دَعَا لَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمَا: «قُومَا إِلَى بَيْتِكُمَا جَمَعَ اللهُ بَيْنَكُمَا وَبَارَكَ فِي سَيْرِكُمَا وَأَصْلَحَ بَالَكُمَا» ثُمَّ قَامَ فَأَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِمَا بَابَهُ بِيَدِهِ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ أَنَّهَا رَمَقَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَدْعُو لَهُمَا خَاصَّةً لَا يُشْرِكُهُمَا فِي دُعَائِهِ أَحَدًا حَتَّى تَوَارَى فِي حُجْرَتِهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The proposal for Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to be mentioned to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (by various people), but whoever mentioned it, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would put him off, until people gave up hope of her. Then Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) met Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: By Allah, I do not think that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is keeping her (Fatimah) back for anyone except you. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then why do you think that? By Allah, I am neither of the two kinds of men: I am not a man of worldly wealth, so that what I have would be sought, and it is known that I have neither gold nor silver; nor am I the disbeliever whose heart is won over at the cost of his religion, that is, he is enticed; rather, I am the first to have accepted Islam. Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then I urge you to relieve me of this concern, for in it there is relief for me. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: What should I say? He said: Say: I have come to Allah and His Messenger to propose marriage to Fatimah bint Muhammad. So Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went, heavy-hearted and hesitant, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "It seems you have some need, O Ali?" He said: Yes, I have come to Allah and His Messenger to propose marriage to Fatimah bint Muhammad. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said "Welcome" to him with a single brief word. Then he went back to Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: I did what you told me, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) only welcomed me with a single brief word. Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By the One who sent him (peace and blessings be upon him) with the truth, he (peace and blessings be upon him) has married you; now there is no going back, and there is no lie with him. I urge you to go to him (peace and blessings be upon him) tomorrow and say: O Prophet of Allah, when will you permit me to take her home? Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: This is even harder for me than the first. Before, I would say: O Messenger of Allah, I have a need. He said: Say as I have told you. So Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went and said: O Messenger of Allah, when will you permit me to take her home? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tonight, if Allah wills." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) called Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "O Bilal, I have married my daughter to my cousin, and I would like providing food at marriage to become part of the Sunnah of my Ummah. Go to the spoils of war and take a sheep and four mudd of grain, and prepare for me a large bowl for Ali (for the wedding feast) over which I will gather the Muhajirun and the Ansar, and when it is ready, let me know." So he went and did as he was told, then brought a vessel and placed it before him (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) put his hand into the top of it and said: "Let the people in to me group by group, and do not bring any group back again," meaning that when one group has finished, it should not come again. So whenever one group finished, the people went back and another group came, until all the people had finished. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned to the food that was left over, put some of his saliva into it and prayed for blessing, and said: "O Bilal, take this to your mothers and tell them: Eat, and feed whoever comes to you." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) got up and went to the women and said: I have married my daughter to my cousin; you know what standing she has with me, and I am handing her over to him, so take care of your daughter. So the women stood up, applied their perfume to her, dressed her in their clothes and adorned her with their jewellery. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered, and when the women saw him (peace and blessings be upon him) they moved away, with a curtain between them and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and Sayyidah Asma' bint Umays (may Allah be pleased with her) stayed behind. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her: "Wait, who are you?" She said: I am the one who guards your daughter. On the night a young woman is taken to her husband, she must have a woman near her, so that if some need arises or she wants something, she can tell her. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then I ask my Lord to protect you, from in front of you, from behind you, from your right and from your left, from Satan the accursed." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) called out to Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), and she came. When she saw Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) sitting with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), she held back out of shyness and wept. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) feared that her weeping might be because Ali had no wealth, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What makes you weep? I have not fallen short in your matter, and I have chosen for you the best of my family. By the One in whose hand is my soul, I have married you to a fortunate man in this world, and in the Hereafter he will be among the righteous." So she softened. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Asma', bring me a tub and fill it with water." So Sayyidah Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) brought the tub and filled it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) rinsed his mouth into it and wiped his face and feet with it. Then he called Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), took a handful of water and struck her head with it, and a handful on her chest, then sprinkled it on his own body and hers, then embraced her and said: "O Allah, these two are from me and I am from them. O Allah, just as You removed impurity from me and purified me, so purify them too." Then he asked for another tub, then called Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and did with him what he had done with Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), and made the same supplication for him that he had made for her. Then he said to the two of them: "Go to your home. May Allah keep you together, bless your journey and set your affairs right." Then he got up and closed their door with his own hand. Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Sayyidah Asma' bint Umays (may Allah be pleased with her) told me that she watched the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) kept supplicating for the two of them in particular, not including anyone else in his supplication, until he (peace and blessings be upon him) disappeared into his chamber.
