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Mu'jam Kabir Tabarani 18972 — I was praying when the Messenger

حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ الْقَاضِي، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُعَلَّى، قَالَ: كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي فَدَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ أُجِبْهُ فَلَمَّا قَضَيْتُ الصَّلَاةَ، قَالَ: «مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ أَجَبْتَنِي أَنْ دَعَوْتُكَ؟» ، فَإِنَّ اللهَ يَقُولُ: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اسْتَجِيبُوا لِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاكُمْ لِمَا يُحْيِيكُمْ} [الأنفال: ٢٤] ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «لَا تَخْرُجْ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ حَتَّى أُعَلِّمَكَ سُورَةً فِي الْقُرْآنِ» ، قَالَ: فَمَشَيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى كَادَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَذَكَّرْتُهُ فَقَالَ: «فَاتِحَةُ الْكِتَابِ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ الَّذِي أُوتِيتُهُ»
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id bin al-Mu'alla (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I was praying when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called me, and I did not answer him. When I had finished the prayer, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What prevented you from answering me when I called you? Allah Almighty says: O you who believe, respond to Allah and the Messenger when he calls you to that which gives you life. [Surah al-Anfal: 24]" Then he said: "Before you leave the mosque, I will teach you a surah of the Qur'an." He said: I walked with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) until he (peace and blessings be upon him) was about to leave the mosque, and I reminded him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is Surah al-Fatihah, which is the seven oft-repeated verses (al-Sab' al-Mathani) and the Mighty Qur'an that I have been given."
Hadith Reference المعجم الكبير للطبراني / مسند من يعرف بالكنى / 18972
Hadith Takhrij المعجم الكبير للطبراني (مطبوعہ): جلد 22، صفحہ 303، حدیث 768