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المعجم الأوسط
Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat (Tabarani)
باب الألف
Names Beginning with the Letter Alif
مَنِ اسْمُهُ أَحْمَدُ
Those Named Ahmad
Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 135 — he said: Whenever the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَالِدِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ الرَّقِّيُّ قَالَ : نَا عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْحَرَّانِيُّ وَيَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ ، قَالَا : نَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلَالٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ .
عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ : كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِذَا بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً ، أَوْ جَيْشًا قَالَ : اغْزُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ، قَاتِلُوا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللهِ ، لَا تَغُلُّوا ، وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا ، وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا ، وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا ، وَلَا شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا I " .
يَقُولُ لِأَمِيرِهِمْ : I " إِذَا أَنْتَ حَاصَرْتَ حِصْنًا ، أَوْ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ، فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ : إِلَى أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا الْإِسْلَامَ ، أَوْ يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ ، أَوْ تُقَاتِلَهُمْ ، وَإِذَا أَنْتَ حَاصَرْتَ أَهْلَ حِصْنٍ ، أَوْ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ، فَأَرَادُوا أَنْ يَنْزِلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ اللهِ ، فَلَا تُنْزِلْهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللهِ ، فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي أَتُصِيبُ فِيهِمْ حُكْمَ اللهِ أَمْ لَا ؟ وَلَكِنْ أَنْزِلْهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِكَ وَحُكْمِ أَصْحَابِكَ . وَإِذَا أَنْتَ حَاصَرْتَ أَهْلَ حِصْنٍ أَوْ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ، فَأَرَادُوكَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ فَلَا تُعْطِهِمْ ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ ، وَلَكِنْ أَعْطِهِمْ ذِمَّتَكَ وَذِمَمَ أَصْحَابِكَ ، فَإِنَّكُمْ أَنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَمَكُمْ وَذِمَمَ آبَائِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ .
لَمْ يَرْوِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلَالٍ إِلَّا خَالِدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ ، تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ : ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ .
عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ : كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِذَا بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً ، أَوْ جَيْشًا قَالَ : اغْزُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ، قَاتِلُوا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللهِ ، لَا تَغُلُّوا ، وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا ، وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا ، وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا ، وَلَا شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا I " .
يَقُولُ لِأَمِيرِهِمْ : I " إِذَا أَنْتَ حَاصَرْتَ حِصْنًا ، أَوْ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ، فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ : إِلَى أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا الْإِسْلَامَ ، أَوْ يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ ، أَوْ تُقَاتِلَهُمْ ، وَإِذَا أَنْتَ حَاصَرْتَ أَهْلَ حِصْنٍ ، أَوْ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ، فَأَرَادُوا أَنْ يَنْزِلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ اللهِ ، فَلَا تُنْزِلْهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللهِ ، فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي أَتُصِيبُ فِيهِمْ حُكْمَ اللهِ أَمْ لَا ؟ وَلَكِنْ أَنْزِلْهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِكَ وَحُكْمِ أَصْحَابِكَ . وَإِذَا أَنْتَ حَاصَرْتَ أَهْلَ حِصْنٍ أَوْ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ، فَأَرَادُوكَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ فَلَا تُعْطِهِمْ ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ ، وَلَكِنْ أَعْطِهِمْ ذِمَّتَكَ وَذِمَمَ أَصْحَابِكَ ، فَإِنَّكُمْ أَنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَمَكُمْ وَذِمَمَ آبَائِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ .
لَمْ يَرْوِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلَالٍ إِلَّا خَالِدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ ، تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ : ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Buraydah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent out an expedition or an army, he would say (to the fighters): 'Fight in the path of Allah, fight those who disbelieve in Allah; do not steal from the spoils of war, do not betray, do not mutilate (the enemy's dead), and do not kill any child or any old man.'
He (peace and blessings be upon him) would say to their commander: 'When you besiege a fortress or the people of a town, invite them to one of three things: to accept Islam, or to pay the jizyah, or else (you) fight them. And when you besiege the people of a fortress or a town and they want you to bring them down on the judgement of Allah, do not bring them down on the judgement of Allah, for you do not know whether you will attain the (true) judgement of Allah concerning them or not; rather, bring them down on your judgement and the judgement of your companions. And when you besiege the people of a fortress or a town and they want you to give them the covenant (of protection) of Allah and of His Messenger, do not give them the covenant of Allah and of His Messenger, but give them your covenant and the covenant of your companions, for that you break your own covenants and the covenants of your forefathers is better for you than that you break the covenant of Allah and the covenant of His Messenger.'"
Imam al-Tabarani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Only Khalid bin Yazid (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated this hadith from Sa'id bin Abi Hilal (may Allah have mercy on him), and Ibn Lahi'ah (may Allah have mercy on him) is alone in narrating it from Khalid bin Yazid."
He (peace and blessings be upon him) would say to their commander: 'When you besiege a fortress or the people of a town, invite them to one of three things: to accept Islam, or to pay the jizyah, or else (you) fight them. And when you besiege the people of a fortress or a town and they want you to bring them down on the judgement of Allah, do not bring them down on the judgement of Allah, for you do not know whether you will attain the (true) judgement of Allah concerning them or not; rather, bring them down on your judgement and the judgement of your companions. And when you besiege the people of a fortress or a town and they want you to give them the covenant (of protection) of Allah and of His Messenger, do not give them the covenant of Allah and of His Messenger, but give them your covenant and the covenant of your companions, for that you break your own covenants and the covenants of your forefathers is better for you than that you break the covenant of Allah and the covenant of His Messenger.'"
Imam al-Tabarani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Only Khalid bin Yazid (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated this hadith from Sa'id bin Abi Hilal (may Allah have mercy on him), and Ibn Lahi'ah (may Allah have mercy on him) is alone in narrating it from Khalid bin Yazid."
