المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب السيرة والمغازي
Book of the Sirah and the Military Expeditions
بَابُ غزوة خيبر
The Battle of Khaibar
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قَالَ الْحَارِثُ : حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ هُوَ الْفَزَارِيُّ ، عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ : مَنْ كَانَ مُضْعِفًا أَوْ مُصْعِبًا فَلْيَرْجِعْ وَأَمَرَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُنَادِيًا فَنَادَى بِذَلِكَ ، فَرَجَعَ نَاسٌ ، وَفِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ عَلَى بَكْرٍ صَعْبٍ ، فَمَرَّ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ عَلَى سَوَادٍ ، فَنَفَرَ بِهِ فَصَرَعَهُ فَوَقَصَهُ ، فَلَمَّا جِيءَ بِهِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : مَا شَأْنُ صَاحِبِكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا : كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ كَذَا كَذَا ، قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَا بِلَالُ مَا كُنْتَ أَذَّنْتَ فِي النَّاسِ : مَنْ كَانَ مُضْعِفًا أَوْ مُصْعِبًا فَلْيَرْجِعْ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى قَالَ : فَأَبَى أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ .
بِشْرٌ ضَعِيفٌ جِدًّا .
بِشْرٌ ضَعِيفٌ جِدًّا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said on the occasion of the Battle of Khaybar: "Whoever has a weak mount or an unruly one, let him go back." And he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered a caller, who announced this among the people, whereupon some people went back. Among the people was a man riding a young camel that was unruly and ill-tempered. At night he passed by some dark shape or object, and the camel shied at it and threw him to the ground, breaking his neck. When he was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is the matter with this companion of yours?" The people said that such and such had happened to him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Bilal! Did you not announce among the people that whoever has a weak or unruly mount should go back?" He said: Yes (I did announce it). So he (peace and blessings be upon him) refused to lead the funeral prayer for that man.
Its chain contains the narrator Bishr bin Numayr, who is extremely da'if (weak).
Its chain contains the narrator Bishr bin Numayr, who is extremely da'if (weak).
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْوَانَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أُمَّ الْمُطَاعِ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةَ ، وَكَانَتْ قَدْ شَهِدَتْ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ ، قَالَتْ : لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَسْلَمَ حِينَ شَكَوْا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْحَالِ ، فَنَدَبَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ النَّاسَ ، فَنَهَضُوا ، فَرَأَيْتُ أَسْلَمَ أَوَّلَ مَنِ انْتَهَى إِلَى الْحِصْنِ ، فَمَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ ، حَتَّى فَتَحَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْنَا ، وَهُوَ حِصْنُ الصَّعْبِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ بِالنَّطَاةِ .
It is narrated from Sayyidah Umm al-Muta' al-Aslamiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), who took part in the Battle of Khaybar with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that she said: "I saw the people of the tribe of Aslam when they complained to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of their dire condition and their poverty and hunger. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) roused and urged the people (to advance), and they all rose at once. I saw that the first of those to reach the fortress were the people of Aslam, and the sun had not yet set on that day before Allah Almighty conquered that fortress for us. It was the fortress of al-Sa'b bin Mu'adh in al-Natah."
The chain of this hadith contains the narrator Muhammad bin Umar al-Waqidi, whom most hadith scholars have declared da'if (weak) in narrating hadith, although his narrations carry weight in matters of sirah and military campaigns.
The chain of this hadith contains the narrator Muhammad bin Umar al-Waqidi, whom most hadith scholars have declared da'if (weak) in narrating hadith, although his narrations carry weight in matters of sirah and military campaigns.
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُضَيْلٍ ، عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا : قَالَ : قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ لِلْفَارِسِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَسْهُمٍ ، وَلِلرَّاجِلِ سَهْمًا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), on the occasion of the Battle of Khaybar (while distributing the spoils of war), assigned three shares to the horseman and one share to the foot soldier."
Abu Bakr bin Abi Shaybah recorded this hadith in his al-Musannaf. Its chain contains the narrator Hajjaj bin Artah, who, although saduq (truthful), is open to criticism because of his frequent tadlis (concealing defects in the chain) and errors. However, the allotment of three shares to the horseman (one share for the fighter and two shares for the horse) is also mentioned in other supporting reports and sahih hadith.
Abu Bakr bin Abi Shaybah recorded this hadith in his al-Musannaf. Its chain contains the narrator Hajjaj bin Artah, who, although saduq (truthful), is open to criticism because of his frequent tadlis (concealing defects in the chain) and errors. However, the allotment of three shares to the horseman (one share for the fighter and two shares for the horse) is also mentioned in other supporting reports and sahih hadith.
وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ : حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُثَنَّى بْنُ زُرْعَةَ أَبُو رَاشِدٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ، حَدَّثَنِي بُرَيْدَةُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ فَرْوَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ بِرَايَتِهِ إِلَى بَعْضِ حُصُونِ خَيْبَرَ ، فَقَاتَلَ وَرَجَعَ ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فَتَحَ ، وَقَدْ جَهَدَ ، ثُمَّ بَعَثَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَقَاتَلَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فَتَحَ ، وَقَدْ جَهَدَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَأُعْطِيَنَّ الرَّايَةَ رَجُلًا يُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يَفْتَحُ اللهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَلِيٍّ فَتَفَلَ فِي عَيْنِهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : خُذْ هَذِهِ الرَّايَةَ ، فَامْضِ بِهَا حَتَّى يَفْتَحَ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ .
قَالَ : يَقُولُ سَلَمَةُ : فَخَرَجَ بِهَا وَاللهِ يُهَرْوِلُ هَرْوَلَةً ، وَنَحْنُ خَلْفَهُ نَتْبَعُ أَثَرَهُ ، حَتَّى رَكَزَ رَايَتَهُ فِي رَضْمٍ مِنْ حِجَارَةٍ تَحْتَ الْحِصْنِ ، فَاطَّلَعَ عَلَيْهِ يَهُودِيٌّ مِنْ رَأْسِ الْحِصْنِ ، فَقَالَ : مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ : عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، قَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ لِأَصْحَابِهِ : غُلِبْتُمْ ، وَمَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى مُوسَى - أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ - فَمَا رَجَعَ حَتَّى فَتَحَ اللهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ .
قَالَ : يَقُولُ سَلَمَةُ : فَخَرَجَ بِهَا وَاللهِ يُهَرْوِلُ هَرْوَلَةً ، وَنَحْنُ خَلْفَهُ نَتْبَعُ أَثَرَهُ ، حَتَّى رَكَزَ رَايَتَهُ فِي رَضْمٍ مِنْ حِجَارَةٍ تَحْتَ الْحِصْنِ ، فَاطَّلَعَ عَلَيْهِ يَهُودِيٌّ مِنْ رَأْسِ الْحِصْنِ ، فَقَالَ : مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ : عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، قَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ لِأَصْحَابِهِ : غُلِبْتُمْ ، وَمَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى مُوسَى - أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ - فَمَا رَجَعَ حَتَّى فَتَحَ اللهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Salamah bin al-Akwa' (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) with his banner to some of the fortresses of Khaybar. He fought and then came back, but victory was not achieved, although he had striven his utmost. Then the next day he (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). He too fought and then came back, but victory was not granted, although he too had made every effort. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I will certainly now give this banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger; Allah Almighty will grant victory at his hands." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) called for Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), put some of his blessed saliva in his eyes and said: "Take this banner and advance with it (towards the enemy) until Allah Almighty grants you victory."
Sayyiduna Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) set out with the banner and, by Allah, he was moving at a brisk pace, and we were behind him following in his footsteps, until he planted his banner in a heap of stones beneath the fortress. At that moment a Jew looked down from the top of the fortress wall and asked: Who are you? He replied: "I am Ali bin Abi Talib." At this the Jew said to his companions: "You have been defeated, by that which was revealed to Musa (peace be upon him)!" or words to that effect. And Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) did not turn back until Allah Almighty granted victory (to the Muslims) at his hands.
Sayyiduna Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) set out with the banner and, by Allah, he was moving at a brisk pace, and we were behind him following in his footsteps, until he planted his banner in a heap of stones beneath the fortress. At that moment a Jew looked down from the top of the fortress wall and asked: Who are you? He replied: "I am Ali bin Abi Talib." At this the Jew said to his companions: "You have been defeated, by that which was revealed to Musa (peace be upon him)!" or words to that effect. And Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) did not turn back until Allah Almighty granted victory (to the Muslims) at his hands.
