المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب التفسير
Book of Tafsir
سُورَةُ الْقِتَالِ
Surah al-Qital
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قَالَ الْحَارِثُ ابْنُ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، ثَنَا طَلْحَةُ هُوَ ابْنُ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا أُخْرِجَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ : إِنِّي لَأَخْرُجُ مِنْكِ ، وَإِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ أَنَّكِ لَأَخْيَرُ بِلَادِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَأَكْرَمُهُ عَلَيْهِ ، وَلَوْلَا أَنَّ أَهْلَكِ أَخْرَجُونِي مِنْكِ لَمَا خَرَجْتُ ، يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ ، إِنْ كُنْتُمْ وُلَاةَ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ بَعْدِي فَلَا تَمْنَعُوا طَائِفًا بِبَيْتِ اللهِ تَعَالَى سَاعَةً مِنْ لَيْلٍ أَوْ نَهَارٍ .
3716 \ 2 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خِدَاشٍ ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ ، ثَنَا طَلْحَةُ بِهِ .
3716 \ 3 - حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، ثَنَا مُعْتَمِرٌ ، قَالَ : نَا أَبِي ، ثَنَا حَنَشٌ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - ، قَالَ : لَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ تِلْقَاءَ الْغَارِ ، نَظَرَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ ، فَقَالَ : أَنْتِ أَحَبُّ بِلَادِ اللهِ إِلَيَّ ، وَلَوْلَا أَنَّ أَهْلَكِ أَخْرَجُونِي مِنْكِ لَمْ أَخْرُجْ مِنْكِ ، فَأَعْدَى الْأَعْدَاءِ مَنْ عَدَا عَلَى اللهِ تَعَالَى فِي حَرَمِهِ ، أَوْ قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ ، أَوْ قَتَلَ بِذَحْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ، قَالَ : فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَكَأَيِّنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ هِيَ أَشَدُّ قُوَّةً مِنْ قَرْيَتِكَ الَّتِي أَخْرَجَتْكَ أَهْلَكْنَاهُمْ الْآيَةَ .
3716 \ 2 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خِدَاشٍ ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ ، ثَنَا طَلْحَةُ بِهِ .
3716 \ 3 - حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، ثَنَا مُعْتَمِرٌ ، قَالَ : نَا أَبِي ، ثَنَا حَنَشٌ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - ، قَالَ : لَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ تِلْقَاءَ الْغَارِ ، نَظَرَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ ، فَقَالَ : أَنْتِ أَحَبُّ بِلَادِ اللهِ إِلَيَّ ، وَلَوْلَا أَنَّ أَهْلَكِ أَخْرَجُونِي مِنْكِ لَمْ أَخْرُجْ مِنْكِ ، فَأَعْدَى الْأَعْدَاءِ مَنْ عَدَا عَلَى اللهِ تَعَالَى فِي حَرَمِهِ ، أَوْ قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ ، أَوْ قَتَلَ بِذَحْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ، قَالَ : فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَكَأَيِّنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ هِيَ أَشَدُّ قُوَّةً مِنْ قَرْيَتِكَ الَّتِي أَخْرَجَتْكَ أَهْلَكْنَاهُمْ الْآيَةَ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was driven out of Makkah, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I am departing from you, and I know well that you are the best of the lands of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, and the most honoured of them in His sight. Had your people not driven me out of here, I would never have left you. O Banu Abd Manaf! If after me you become the custodians of this matter (of the Sanctuary), then never prevent anyone circumambulating the House of Allah from performing tawaf at any hour of the night or day." Imam Abu Ya'la also related the same report through his chain. In another report, also from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), it is stated that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out from Makkah towards the cave, he (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at Makkah (with longing) and said: "You are the most beloved of Allah's lands to me, and had your people not driven me out, I would never have left you. Know that the greatest of enemies is the one who transgresses in the Sanctuary of Allah, or kills someone who did not kill (that is, sheds blood unjustly), or kills someone in revenge for a blood feud of the Jahiliyyah." The narrator says that on this occasion Allah Almighty revealed this verse to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "And how many a town, far stronger than this town of yours which drove you out (by forcing you to emigrate), have We destroyed (because of their disbelief)" [Surah Muhammad: 13].
Imam al-Harith bin Abi Usamah related this hadith in his Musnad, and Imam Abu Ya'la also in his Musnad; one of its narrators, Talhah bin Amr, is matruk (abandoned), but the part about the virtue of Makkah and the emigration is established by other authentic hadith.
Imam al-Harith bin Abi Usamah related this hadith in his Musnad, and Imam Abu Ya'la also in his Musnad; one of its narrators, Talhah bin Amr, is matruk (abandoned), but the part about the virtue of Makkah and the emigration is established by other authentic hadith.
وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَخْبَرَنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ، ثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يُقْرِئُ شَابًّا ، فَقَرَأَ : أَفَلا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْآنَ أَمْ عَلَى قُلُوبٍ أَقْفَالُهَا فَقَالَ الشَّابُّ : عَلَيْهَا أَقْفَالُهَا حَتَّى يُفَرِّجَهَا اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : صَدَقْتَ ، وَجَاءَهُ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ ، فَسَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ لَهُمْ كِتَابًا ، فَأَمَرَ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ الْأَرْقَمِ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - أَنْ يَكْتُبَ لَهُمْ كِتَابًا ، فَكَتَبَ لَهُمْ ، فَجَاءَهُمْ بِهِ ، فَقَالَ : أَصَبْتَ ، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - يَرَى أَنَّهُ سَيَلِي مِنْ أَمْرِ النَّاسِ شَيْئًا ، فَلَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - سَأَلَ عَنِ الشَّابِّ ، فَقَالُوا : اسْتُشْهِدَ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - : قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَقَالَ الشَّابُّ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : صَدَقْتَ ، فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّ اللهَ سَيَهْدِيهِ وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ الْأَرْقَمِ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - عَلَى بَيْتِ الْمَالِ .
It is narrated from Urwah bin al-Zubayr that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was teaching a young man the Qur'an. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this blessed verse: "Do they not reflect upon the Qur'an, or are there locks upon their hearts?" [Surah Muhammad: 24], the young man said: "(Yes, O Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him!) Locks (of heedlessness) are upon those hearts until Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, Himself opens them." At this the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said (affirming his insight): "You have spoken the truth." Meanwhile some people of Yemen came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and requested that he have an official letter written for them, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) to write it for them. When he wrote it and brought it, he (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at it and said: "You have written it perfectly correctly." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) held the view that he (Abdullah bin al-Arqam) would in future be put in charge of some important affair of the Muslims. Then, when Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) became caliph, he asked about that (capable) young man (who had been reading the Qur'an), and the people told him that he had been martyred. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited in such a way, and that young man answered in such a way, upon which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'You have spoken the truth.' So I knew at that very moment that Allah Almighty would surely bless him with guidance (to the straight path)." And Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) appointed Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) as overseer of the public treasury (Bayt al-Mal).
Musnad Ishaq bin Rahwayh: 3717; in its chain, Urwah bin al-Zubayr did not hear directly from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so this report is mursal.
Musnad Ishaq bin Rahwayh: 3717; in its chain, Urwah bin al-Zubayr did not hear directly from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so this report is mursal.
